Anatomy Unit 1 Review

Negative Feedback Loop

A feedback loop that causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving

Positive Feedback Loop

Causes a system to change further in the same direction.

Lysosomes

Cell Cleanup

Matrix

Cell Organelles

Cytoplasm

Clear liquid that surrounds cell organelles

Proximal

Closer to the point of attachment

Nucleus

Control center of the cell

S

DNA synthesis

A general term for the various types of active transport that move particles into a cell by enclosing them in a vesicle made out of plasma membrane.

Endocytosis

white blood cells engulfing invading bacteria is an example of

Endocytosis

A form of bulk transport in which materials are transported from the inside to the outside of the cell in membrane-bound vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

Exocytosis

Nucleolus

Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes

This type of solution has equal water concentration in the intracellular and extracellular environment

Isotonic Solution

Cytoskeleton

Support structure, provides cell shape

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in the transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm

Positive Feedback Mechanisms can lead to instability or death (true or false)

True

What is H

Verntral/anterior

What is E

abdominal

Superior

above

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

aids in the manufacture of carbohydrates and lipids is called the smooth ER

Inferior (caudal)

away from the head

Lateral

away from the midline

Distal

away from the point of attachment

Posterior

back

inferior

below some other body part

systemic anatomy

body structure is studied system by system

Large particles (or large quantities of smaller particles) are moved across the cell membrane with the use of energy.

bulk transport

Metaphase checkpoint

determines if all chromosomes are attached to the spindle apparatus

What is L

diaphragm

Away from the trunk.

distal

Based on the lower limb part, ankle joint is ___________ to the knee joint.

distal

sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

what is A

dorsal/posterior

Active transport across a cell membrane from low to high concentration, requires

energy (ATP)

Anterior

front

Golgi body

function together as a transport system in the cell

DNA

genetic material/information

transverse plane

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

Type of solution that can cause crenation

hypertonic solution

Away from the midline of the body

lateral

Active transport is the movement of large materials across a cell membrane from ______ to ______ concentration

low to high

What is F

pelvic

The anatomical terminology of position that also known as dorsal, and describe toward the back of the body part is known as _________________

posterior

Homeostasis

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

Based on the upper limb part, shoulder joint is ___________ to the elbow joint.

proximal

A type membrane protein that can pump one substance in one direction, while transporting another substance in the opposite direction.

pump transport

G0

resting phase

What organelle is associated with the production of proteins during protein synthesis?

ribosome

Mitrochondria

sites for chemical reactions called oxidative metabolism

Regional Anatomy

specific regions of the body such as the head or chest

What is C

spinal

anatomical position

standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward

Based on the location of nose & mouth on the human face, the nose is located ___________ to the mouth.

superior

physiology

the science of how these parts come together to function and keep the body alive

surface anatomy

the study of exterior features

Anatomy

the study of the structure and relationships between body parts

What is I

thoracic

cranial

toward the head

Medial

toward the midline

medial

toward the midline

caudal

toward the tail

Centriole

used in cell division

anatomical imaging

uses radiographs (x-rays), ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures

frontal (coronal) plane

vertical plane dividing the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions

small compartment enclosed by a membrane formed during transport of material during endo + exocytosis

vesicles

What will happen to the RBC (0.9 NaCl concentration) if it was subjected to 0.4 NaCl solution?

Lysis

An example of pump transport is

Na+/K+ Pump

G1

Nutrients, Cell growth, DNA damgage

What is C (on the right)

Oral

What is B

Orbital

Net diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Osmosis

Movement of particles from high to low concentration.

Passive Transport

Osmosis is a form of ______________.

Passive Transport

What organelle determines what comes into and out of the cell?

cell membrane

G2

cell size + dna replication

_______ are the smallest units of life because they grow, reproduce, respond, and use energy.

cells

Vessecles

containers to carry packages in the cell

In clinical anatomy, the plane or section that divides body part into front & back is known as ___________

coronal

What is B

cranial