Anatomy Unit 2: Top Hat Practice Questions

Pons

A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain

Which of the following structures forms the blood-brain barrier?

Astrocyte

A fracture at the surgical neck of the humerus could damage which of the following nerves?

Axillary

What distally attaches to the ulnar tuberosity?

Brachialis

Which of the following nerves would exit immediately superior to the C7 vertebrae?

C7

All of the following cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital tissue EXCEPT:

CN V2

While walking through the woods, you are slapped in the cheek by a tree branch. Pain from the cheek is carried to the CNS by which of the following nerves?

CN V2: Maxillary (cheek)

Which of the following two nerves carry taste from the tongue?

Glossopharyngeal Facial

Spinal tap placement

L3 and L4

Structure that allows for accommodation for close vision

Lens

Which of the following muscles are part of the rotator cuff?

SItS: Supraspinatus Infraspinatus teres minor Subscapularis

A 31 year old male patient is about to undergo surgery to remove a benign mole located on the skin near his right nipple. Before surgery is performed, the anesthesiologists will "numb" the skin in which of the following dermatome levels?

T4

Spinal nerves C1-C7 exit superior to the vertebrae of the same number

The C8 spinal nerve exits inferior to the C7, which causes a shift in pattern at the beginning of the T1 vertebrae

The deepest layer of abdominal muscles is the:

Transverse abdominis

During yoga class, the instructor asks you to do a spinal twist to that you're facing the left side of the room. Which of the following 2 muscle groups aid in rotation of the trunk?

Transversospinalis Abdominal obliques

Nerve

a bundle of axons in the PNS

Ganglion

a collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

Adductor longus

adducts the hip

Dorsiflexion of the ankle is the primary action of which of the following compartments of the leg?

anterior

Which of the following muscles' distal attachment is the head of the fibula?

biceps femoris

CNS

brain and spinal cord

The third ventricles

connects to the lateral ventricles by the inter ventricular foramen

Dorsal root ganglion

contains cells bodies of somatic sensory and visceral sensory neurons

Ventral root

contains only motor axons

The unilateral action of the transversospinalis muscle group is:

contralateral rotation of the spine

Hypothalamus

controls autonomic functions including thirst and hunger *HOMEOSTASIS*

PNS

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, anterior primary rami

Injury to the common fibular nerve would cause a loss of which of the following 2 muscle actions?

dorsiflexion of the ankle eversion of the foot

A patient with Bell's palsy affecting the left side of their face would still be able to do which of the following actions:

elevate the mandible

Superior rectus

elevates eye

Which of the following is an action of the muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

extension of the fingers

Which of the following muscles is located in the anterior compartment of the leg?

extensor digitorum longus

Which of the following muscles has fibers that run from superior-lateral to inferior-medial (hand in pockets)?

external abdominal oblique

Tapping the patellar ligament is a simple spinal reflex that causes knee extension. Which nerve is tested by tapping on the patellar ligament?

femoral

The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the:

femoral nerve

Lateral compartment of leg

fibulas longus: innervated by the superficial fibular nerve

Iliopsoas

flexes hip

The spinal nerve

formed when the anterior and posterior roots meet

Which of the following muscles will extend the hip (as when standing up from a chair)?

gluteus maximus

All of the following muscles help to form the quadriceps femoris EXCEPT:

gracilis

Which of the following muscles flexes the hip?

iliopsoas

Inferior oblique

innervated by oculomotor nerve

Oculomotor (III)

innervates 4 of 6 extrinsic eye muscles

Median nerve

innervates the muscles of the thumb and skin over the lateral 3 1/2 fingers

Femoral nerve

innervates the quadriceps muscles (responsible for knee extension) and other anterior thigh muscles

Dorsal primary ramus

innervates the skin of the back

Radial nerve

innervates the skin on the posterior surface of the hand only

(Spinal) Accessory (XI)

innervates trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

The unilateral action of the erector spinae muscle is:

ipsilateral side-bending of the vertebral column

Foot eversion is the primary action of which of the following compartments?

lateral leg

Sartorius

laterally rotate and flex the hip

The thenar (thumb) region of the hand is innervated by the:

median nerve

Which of the following components of the brainstem contains visual and auditory reflex centers?

midbrain

The biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and brachialis muscles are innervated by the:

musculotaneous nerve

Sclera

part of the fibrous tunic

posterior compartment of the leg

plantarflex

The muscles of the posterior forearm are innervated by the:

radial nerve

Muscles that do form the quadriceps femoris:

rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius *common distal attachment at tibial tuberosity

The Cerebellum

responsible for coordinating skeletal muscle contractions to produce smooth movement

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

responsible for hearing and balance

Vagus (X)

responsible for the motor component of the gag reflex

Olfactory (II)

responsible for the sense of smell

Frontal lobe

responsible for voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle

Which of the following muscles retracts the scapula?

rhomboids

Which of the following muscles protracts the scapula (as during punching/jabbing)?

serratus anterior

Which of the following muscles will plantarflex the ankle in order to stand on your tip toes?

soleus

Which of the following neuron types carries sensory information such as pain and temperature from the skin and skeletal muscle?

somatic afferent

Which of the following is not part of the PNS?

spinal cord

Dermatome

strip of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve

Which of the following would be located between the dura mater and arachnoid mater?

subdural hematoma

Which of the following muscles abducts the arm (shoulder)?

supraspinatus *superman - arm goes out in flying motion*

Axon

the component of a neuron that carries information away from the cell body

Dendrite

the component of a neuron that carries information to the cell body

CSF passes

through the inter ventricular foramen to travel from the lateral ventricles to the 3rd ventricle

Which of the following nerves innervates the skin on the posterior calf and plantar surface of the foot?

tibial

Which of the following muscles extends the elbow?

triceps brachii *posterior moves backwards - extends *anterior moves forwards - flexion

A 23 female college student comes to the clinic complaining of a weak grip and loss of sensation on the medial 1 1/2 fingers (little finger and medial 1/2 of ring finger). A pin prick test to the skin on her finger tips confirms that she cannot feel touch sensations on her medial 1 1/2 fingers. Damage to which of the following nerves explains her medical condition?

ulnar