Anatomy

A substance with a pH of 6 is called A. an acid. B. neither an acid nor a base. C. both an acid and a base. D. a base.

A. an acid.

The directional term "superior" in anatomy means which of the following? A. cephalic B. ventral C. caudal D. dorsal

A. cephalic

Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of A. haploid cells. B. body cells. C. diploid cells. D. 2N daughter cells.

A. haploid cells.

The dorsal body cavity contains which of the following organs? A. The brain. B. The brain and spinal cord. C. The brain, spinal cord and heart. D. The brain, spinal cord, heart and kidneys.

B. The brain and spinal cord.

What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? A. The mediastinum B. The diaphragm C. The peritoneum D. The pylorus

B. The diaphragm

Which of the listed terms is described by: "All the chemical processes that take place in the organelles and cytoplasm the cells of the body"? A. Metabolism B. Cellular respiration C. Homeostasis D. Physiology

A. Metabolism

To what does the term "hypochondriac" refer? A. A condition of having too few chondria. B. The region of abdomen inferior to the ribs. C. A person who often complains of an ailment. D. Having insuffi cient cartilage in the knees.

B. The region of abdomen inferior to the ribs.

Which of the following contains a nucleus? A. bacteria B. eukaryotes C. prokaryotes D. virus

B. eukaryotes

Transcription is a process that ______________, and occurs in the ______________ A. Converts DNA to RNA, cytoplasm B. Converts RNA to Protein, nucleus C. Converts Protein to RNA, cytoplasm D. Converts DNA to RNA, nucleus

D. Converts DNA to RNA, nucleus

Cytokinesis is completed at the end of this phase. A. interphase B. prophase C. metaphase D. telophase

D. telophase

If a medical image displays internal anatomy in mid-sagittal section, which of the following describes the section? A. A vertical section through the nose and umbilicus that divides the body into right and left halves. B. A cross-section through the midriff at about the level of the liver. C. A cross-section through the upper chest at about the level of the shoulders. D. A vertical section through the midpoint of the clavicle and through either the right or left thigh.

A. A vertical section through the nose and umbilicus that divides the body into right and left halves.

The time between cell divisions is called A. interphase. B. prophase. C. anaphase. D. telophase.

A. interphase.

When salt is dissolved in water, salt is the A. solute. B. reactant. C. solvent. D. solution.

A. solute.

The cells of multicellular organisms are A. specialized to perform particular functions. B. simpler than those of unicellular organisms. C. smaller than those of unicellular organisms. D. not dependent on one another.

A. specialized to perform particular functions.

Complete the sentence correctly: "Cervical vertebrae are...... A. superior to the rib cage. B. inferior to the thoracic vertebrae. C. located between the thoracic and sacral vertebrae. D. fused into a single bone called the sacrum.

A. superior to the rib cage.

In prophase A. the chromosomes condense, shorten, and thicken. B. the spindle fibers disappear. C. the chromosomes replicate. D. cytokinesis occurs

A. the chromosomes condense, shorten, and thicken.

Which of the stated relationships is correct? A. the heart is inferior to the clavicle B. the shoulder is distal to the carpals C. the phalanges are proximal to the metacarpals D. the eye is medial to the eyebrows

A. the heart is inferior to the clavicle

Which of the stated relationships is correct? A. the heart is superior to the large intestine B. the shoulder is distal to the metacarpals C. the phalanges are proximal to the carpals D. the eye is medial to the nose

A. the heart is superior to the large intestine

What does the process known as anabolism refer to? A. the use of energy for producing chemical substances. B. the breaking down phase of metabolism. C. all the chemical process that take place in the organelles of the cells. D. the supply of nutrients to the body's cells.

A. the use of energy for producing chemical substances.

The function of blood is to: A. Carry carbon dioxide B. Carry oxygen C. Carry nitrogen D. Give energy

B. Carry oxygen

What is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. Create proteins B. Create lipids and steroids C. Create lipids and water D. Create steroids

B. Create lipids and steroids

Which of the following events occurs during anaphase? A. Chromatin strands condense to form chromosomes. B. Sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cell. C. Spindle fibers are formed. D. The nuclear envelope degenerates.

B. Sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles of the cell.

Which of the following is the best definition of physiology? A. The microscopic study of tissues and cells B. The study of how the body works. C. All the chemical processes that take place in the organelles of the body's cells. D. The body's automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

B. The study of how the body works.

Which of the following is/are the contents of the dorsal body cavity? A. heart and lungs B. brain and spinal cord C. viscera D. gut, kidneys, liver, pancreas, spleen, bladder, internal reproductive organs.

B. brain and spinal cord

Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells? A. mitochondrion B. chloroplast C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. ribosome

B. chloroplast

Gametes are produced by the process of A. replication. B. meiosis. C. crossing-over. D. mitosis.

B. meiosis.

What is the study of how body parts function called? A. histology B. physiology C. homeostasis D. metabolism

B. physiology

Which organelle makes proteins using coded instructions that come from the nucleus? A. mitochondrion B. ribosome C. vacuole D. Golgi apparatus

B. ribosome

Which of the following correctly describes the two named body parts? A. the elbow is proximal to the shoulder B. the phalanges are distal to the carpals C. the ribs are proximal to the sternum D. the elbow is distal to the knee

B. the phalanges are distal to the carpals

Mitosis forms A. two daughter cells with half the DNA of the mother cell. B. two daughter cells with the same amount of DNA as the mother cell. C. daughter cells called gametes. D. two daughter cells with twice the amount of DNA as the mother cell.

B. two daughter cells with the same amount of DNA as the mother cell.

If an organism's germ cell has 108 chromosomes, what number of chromosomes would their somatic cells have? A. 108 B. 54 C. 216 D. 218

C. 216

What mineral is found primarily in bone? A. Phosphorus B. Zinc C. Calcium D. Magnesium

C. Calcium

Which plane of the body divides it into dorsal and ventral regions? A. Transverse B. Axial C. Coronal D. Sagittal

C. Coronal

What are some differences between DNA and RNA? A. DNA is double stranded while RNA is triple stranded B. RNA has thymine while DNA has uracil C. DNA has thymine while RNA has uracil D. There are no differences

C. DNA has thymine while RNA has uracil

The "anatomical position" could be described as which of the following? A. Lying down prone B. Lying down supine C. Standing displaying the ventral surface of the body D. Standing with arms and legs abducted

C. Standing displaying the ventral surface of the body

Which major organ lies deep to the right hypochondriac region? A. The stomach B. The spleen C. The liver D. The duodenum

C. The liver

Which of the following are 3 functions of proteins? A. To control reactions, to heal, and to store DNA B. To heal, fight diseases and created ribosomes C. To heal, control reactions and provide energy D. To provide energy, control reactions and store glucose

C. To heal, control reactions and provide energy

When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water is A. a reactant. B. neither a product nor a reactant. C. a product. D. both a product and a reactant.

C. a product.

Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by lowering the A. temperature of the reaction. B. pH of the reaction. C. activation energy D. products of the reaction

C. activation energy

Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus? A. chromatin B. DNA C. cytoplasm D. nucleolus

C. cytoplasm

The protein structure around the structure labeled A in Figure 10-2 is called A. centromere B. centriole C. kinetochore D. spindle fiber

C. kinetochore

In which part of the cell cycle do chromosomes align along the equator? A. interphase B. prophase C. metaphase D. telophase

C. metaphase

The three subatomic particles that make up an atom are: A. protons, neutrons, and isotopes. B. neutrons, isotopes, and electrons. C. protons, neutrons, and electrons. D. positives, negatives, and electrons.

C. protons, neutrons, and electrons.

The structures labeled B in Figure 10-2 are called A. centromeres. B. spindles. C. sister chromatids. D. centrioles.

C. sister chromatids.

Which term describes the location of the adrenal glands with reference to the kidneys? A. proximal B. distal C. superior D. inferior

C. superior

DNA replication/synthesis occurs during A. the G1 phase of interphase B. telophase C. the S phase of interphase D. anaphase

C. the S phase of interphase

Which of the following is/are the contents of the ventral cavity? A. heart and lungs B. brain and spinal cord C. viscera D. gut, kidneys, liver, pancreas, spleen, bladder, internal reproductive organs.

C. viscera

Before cell division occurs, DNA in the nucleus is condensed by which protein? A. Protease B. Insulin C. Polymerase D. Histone

D. Histone

Which choice best describes the location of the majority of the musculo- skeletal system? A. It is in the dorsal cavity B. It is in the ventral cavity C. It is in the abdomino-pelvic cavity D. It is not located in a body cavity

D. It is not located in a body cavity

Carbon dioxide molecule is a __________________ bond, in which the dipole moment _______________ A. Polar covalent, cancels out B. Non polar covalent, amplifies C. Ionic, amplifies D. Non polar covalent, cancels out

D. Non polar covalent, cancels out

Which answer best describes the "Anatomical Position?" A. Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, and palms facing to your side B. Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, and palms facing forward C. Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, and palms facing back D. Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, and palms facing outward

D. Standing erect, facing observer, arms at side, and palms facing outward

Which of the following best describes the "anatomical position"? A. Standing vertically, arms held horizontally, legs apart so that the tips of the head, hands and feet lie on an imaginary circle, drawn around the body. B. Standing "to attention", with hands held so that thumbs are ventral while the fifth digit is dorsal. C. Standing "at ease" with hands clasped behind your back while adjacent and dorsal to the sacrum. D. Standing vertically, arms parallel and lateral to the ribs with hands inferior to the elbows and supinated.

D. Standing vertically, arms parallel and lateral to the ribs with hands inferior to the elbows and supinated.

In which digestive organ would the process of catabolism occur? A. Esophagus B. Small intestines C. Liver D. Stomach

D. Stomach

Eukaryotes usually contain A. specialized membrane bound organelles. B. a nucleus. C. genetic material. D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which of the following is a function of the nucleus? A. controls most of the cell's processes B. contains the information needed to make proteins C. stores DNA D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things? A. proteins B. lipids C. nucleic acids D. carbohydrates

D. carbohydrates

In the structure above the flexible barrier around a cell is called the ______________ and is part of what type of cell? A. cell membrane, prokaryotic B. cell wall, prokaryotic C. cell envelope, eukaryotic D. cell membrane, eukaryotic

D. cell membrane, eukaryotic

What is shown in Figure 11-3? A. anaphase I of meiosis B. replication C. independent assortment D. crossing-over

D. crossing-over

To which of the following does the "tissue level" of structural organisation refer? A. atoms, ions, molecules and electrolytes B. mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum C. nephron, alveolus, villus, lobule D. muscle, nervous, connective, epithelial

D. muscle, nervous, connective, epithelial

A group of organs that perform all body functions is called a? A. tissue. B. division of labor. C. organ. D. organ system.

D. organ system.

Which of the following terms is NOT used to identify a region of the abdomen? A. left hypochondriac B. hypogastric C. epigastric D. right sacral

D. right sacral

Which one of the following statements is correct? A. the diaphragm separates the brain and spinal cord B. the ventral cavity contains the male and female reproductive system C. the abdomino-pelvic cavity contains the spinal cord. D. the dorsal cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

D. the dorsal cavity contains the brain and spinal cord

An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes A. solutes to move out of the cell. B. solutes to move into the cell. C. water to move out of the cell. D. water to move into the cell.

D. water to move into the cell.

The most abundant compound in most living things is A. sugar. B. sodium chloride. C. carbon dioxide. D. water.

D. water.