Animal Nutrition Test 2
Because of the important role of PUFAs in fat transport, a deficiency is often characterized by fatty livers.
* true?
The digestible energy of straw may be increased by chopping the straw.
* true?
Lipids in the diet can increase the absorption of vitamins B and C.
** false?
Amino acids contain which of the following?
***
Which of the following statements are true about the structure of lysine and methionine?
?
For delta nomenclature, count the number of carbons from the terminal methyl group to the first double bond.
false
Through the glycolysis pathway and the TCA cycle, about 61% of the energy from glucose is harvested.
false
Animals (or people) with an extra layer of fat benefit from increased protection and insulation.
true
Animals store energy as glycogen and adipose tissue.
true
Animals store fat as adipose tissue.
true
Bile emulsifies fat in water.
true
Fat depots in fish tend to be liquid or soft.
true
Fat depots in monogastrics tend to resemble fat in the diet.
true
Fatty acids with less than 10 carbons tend to be liquid at room temperature.
true
For omega nomenclature, count the number of carbons from the terminal methyl group to the first double bond.
true
For trans configuration, orientation around the C=C is on the opposite side.
true
Glucose can by synthesized from non-glucose entities through gluconeogenesis.
true
In cis configuration, orientation around the C=C double bond is on the same side.
true
Lipids are part of the structural component in the plasma membrane of all cells.
true
Oils are liquid at room temperature, while fats are solid.
true
The respiratory chain functions to reduce NADH and FADH2 into ATP.
true
Digestible energy is equivalent to which of the following?
true?
Animals store fat as glycogen.
T
The gross energy of corn and straw may be about equal.
*
Which of the following are true about lipids in animal diets?
*
The maintenance energy requirements of a cow producing 7 kg of milk/day and a cow producing 29 kg of milk/day will be about equal.
* False?
Which of the following are true about microbial protein?
* Microbial populations inside livestock are capable of making all needed AA Downstream from SI no access except by coprophagy Upstream bacteria pass to SI Rumen microbes can make EAA from N
Fat nutrition is usually about meeting the energy requirements of the animals.
* True??
The gross energy of corn can be increased by grinding.
**
Which of the following are not essential provided there is sufficient of their precursor amino acid?
**
Which of the following are true about the first limiting amino acid?
** AA falling farthest from its requirement Not necessarily required in greatest quantity Not the one least prevalent in the ration Limits ability to synthesize needed protein
Monogastrics have a requirement for N, while ruminants have a requirement for individual amino acids.
** IDK man FALSE- Ruminants just need the Nitrogen while monogastics require individual
For omega nomenclature, count the number of carbons from the carboxyl group to the first double bond.
*** starts at methyl group for omega
n the human body, 33% of the amino acids for protein synthesis come from the diet, while 66% come from recycling AA.
*Correct?
Which of the following is true about the TCA cycle?
*final common pathway, Amphiibolic in nature, Not that efficent?
Match the fatty acid with the effect it has on health.
-Omega-3 FA reduce blood cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels -Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits carcinogenesis -Trans fatty acids may increase the risk of heart disease
Given C16:0, what do you know about this fatty acid?
.
Which of the following are true about the glycolysis pathway?
.** Enzymes that drive are in the cytoplasm, Anaerobic, predatory in nature! Non efficient
Match the energy source with the level of energy. carbohydrates fat protein glucose
1 gram fat = 9.45 kcal 1 gram CHO = 4.20 kcal, 43.8 k/cal from glucose
Which of the following are essential amino acids?
10 of them*
On average, fat is _____ more energy dense than carbohydrates.
2.25
Which of the following are essential fatty acids?
3 of them, Linoeic, linoleum and arachidonic
Which of the following are benefits of having a diet balanced for protein?
3 things..
Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is what ratio?
6:12:1
How do ruminants meet their essential fatty acid requirements?
?
Metabolizable energy is equivalent to which of the following?
?
When triaclyglycerols have a high percentage of saturated fatty acids, they tend to be solid at room temperature.
?
Which of the following accurately defines a lipid?
?
Which of the following is metabolic body weight?
?
N*_____ = crude protein
?? Correct tho 6.25
Saturation of fatty acids by microbial activity is called _______________________.
???
Which of the following are volatile fatty acids?
Acetate, propionate,buterate
Which of the following are methods of preventing fat rancidity
All of the above
Bile is an enzyme that breaks down lipids.
Bile itself is not an enzyme!*False?
Which of the following statements are true?
Correct
Which of the following contain S?
Cytesine, methionine, cystine
Which of the following is the removal and excretion of the amine group from an excess amino acid to use the carbon skeleton for energy?
Deamination
Natural fatty acids have which of the following?
Even # of carbon atoms, straight chain, COOH group and odd chain found??
The production energy requirements of a cow producing 7 kg milk/day and a cow producing 29 kg milk/day may be about equal.
F (but correct)
Diets with 3% added fat will be toxic to rumen bacteria.
False
Mature animals accrete protein, while growing animals only use it to maintain body tissues and replace protein secretions.
False
Typical ruminant diets have greater than 6% fat.
False
Which of the following is gelatin good for?
Jello Wrestling
Which of the following organs remove lipids rapidly?
Liver Adipose tissue Mammary gland
The activity of breaking ester bonds by hydrolysis to cleave fatty acids from glycerol is referred to as ___________________.
Lypolysis
Which of the following will animals give priority for energy use?
Maintaining
Which of the following are often the first or second limiting amino acid in the diets of pigs, poultry, man, and dairy cows?
Meth. and lys?
One calorie is equivalent to which of the following? (mark all correct answers)
Not full cred...
Net energy is equivalent to which of the following?
OOF?
The acronym PUFA is used for which of the following in animal nutrition?
Poly unsaturated fatty acids
Energy requirements change with physiological state.
T
Lipase is an enzyme that attacks fat globules.
T
Which of the following is an amino acid essential in cat diets, but other animals can synthesize in sufficient quantities to meet their needs?
Taurine
true
The digestible energy of corn may be increased by cracking the corn.
Fatty acids with more than 10 carbons are always solid at room temperature.
True
Which of the following are signs of fat deficiency (mark all correct answers).
all
Gross energy is equivalent to which of the following?
c
Given C18:1, what do you know about this fatty acid?
correct
Given the fatty acid C20:4, what do you know about this fatty acid?
correct
Gross energy is measured by which of the following?
correct
Match the following with the number:
correct
Which of the following are functions of protein? (Mark all correct answers)
correct
Which of the following are good sources of rumen degradable and rumen undegradable protein? Question alfalfa hay soybean meal fish meal blood meal
correct
Which of the following are included in production energy?
correct
Which of the following statements are true?
correct
dentify the following as simple or compound lipids:
correct
Most livestock diets containing typical ingredients will not meet the essential fatty acid requirement.
correct but can't remember
Because fats are much more energy dense than carbohydrates, fats should be avoided and carbohydrates consumed ad libitum to avoid obesity.
false
Because fats decrease taste and tenderness, average consumption in the US is below the 30% recommended by the American Medical Association.
false
Fat depots in ruminants tend to be liquid or soft.
false
Fat depots in ruminants tend to resemble fat in the diet.
false
The gross energy of the diet is a good predictor of animal performance.
false
When can absorption of intact protein occur?
first 24 hours of life
Total heat production of the animal is equivalent to which of the following?
heat increment
Michael Phelps' (when training for the Olympics) energy requirement is about 12,000,000 calories a day, while the top producing dairy cow's requirement is 41,000 Calories a day.
it said true was correct??
The distinguishing characteristic of protein is __________________.
nitrogen
Which of the following statements are true?
nope**
The transfer of the amine group from one amino acid to make a non-essential amino acid is:
trans...acetylase something