AnP Lecture Final review

Rough ER

Endoplasmic reticulum with ribosomes attached to it is called

• stratum corneum

Excessive shedding of this layer of the epidermis of the scalp is responsible for dandruff.

cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities

What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body cavity?

an inflammation of any joint.

Arthritis

covers the ends of bones in synovial joints

Articular cartilage

provides a smooth surface where bones meet.

Articular cartilage

keratinization.

As skin cells move toward the surface of the body, they produce a protein that reduces water loss. This process is called

© limbs and their girdles.

The appendicular skeleton consists of the

one positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus

Which of the following best describes a proton?

Rib

Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?

© obturator foramen

Which of the following bony features is not associated with the skull?

histology.

In laboratory, you will study tissues. This area of study is known

• is organized into thin sheets of tissue.

Lamellar bone

© C2

Marilyn has been diagnosed with a fractured dens or odontoid process. Which specific bone is affected?

histology

Microscopic examination of a frozen tissue specimen is an application of which of the following disciplines?

produce ribosomal subunits.

Nucleoli

are the building blocks of nucleic acids.

Nucleotides

® posterior (dorsal)

On which body surface is the sural region?

Decreased bone matrix and decreased collagen fibers are effects of aging.

One effect of aging on the skeletal system is

chemical

Potential energy stored in bonds of molecules is energy.

a condition that may involve an autoimmune disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis is

) manufacture blood cells.

Some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. The function of red marrow is to

appendicular skeleton.

The clavicle is part of the

© tail bone.

The coccyx is also called the

® breastbone.

The common name for the sternum is the

PET

The delivery of a radioactive compound to the body to study the metabolism of tissues is called

© forehead.

The frontal bone is known as the

packaging and distribution of proteins and lipids.

The function of the Golgi apparatus is

trochlea.

The humerus articulates with the ulna at the

visceral pericardium.

The innermost serous membrane attached to the heart muscle is called the:

© pivot

The joint between the head of the radius and the proximal end of the ulna is a joint.

metacarpals,

The knuckles of the hand are formed by the distal ends of the

femur

The large bone in the thigh is the

ilum.

The largest and most superior coxal bone is the

helps keep the head erect.

The ligamentum nuchae

centers of ossification.

The locations where ossification begins in intramembranous ossification are known as

homeostasis.

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment is termed:

can be lowered by enzymes.

The minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction

hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

The molecular formula H20 means

diffusion.

The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of less concentration is called

acromial region.

The shoulder is also known as the:

atom.

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n)

@osteochondral progenitor cells.

The stem cells of osteoblasts and chondroblasts are

© lines the joint everywhere except over the articular cartilage.

The synovial membrane

transverse (horizontal) plane or cross section.

The thoracic cavity is situated superior to the abdominopelvic cavity and separated by the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm creates a:

© interstitial.

The type of lamellae found between osteons (Haversian systems) is

circumferential.

The type of lamellae that forms the outside surface of compact bone is

Smooth

The type of muscle found in the walls of blood vessels

allows a wide range of movements.

The upper limb and its girdle are attached rather loosely to the rest of the body. This arrangement

the shape of cells and number of cell layers.

The various types of epithelium are classified by

• ball and socket

This type of joint is multiaxial allowing a wide range of movement.

rotation.

Turning a structure around its longitudinal axis is called

Both solutions have the same number of solute particles.

Two solutions, A and B. have the same osmolality.

closer to the point of origin

What best describes the directional term proximal?

© nasolacrimal canal

What canal conveys tears from the eyes to the nasal cavity?

desmosomes

What is a disk-shaped structure with especially adhesive glycoproteins around each cell that bind cells to one another?

deliver oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body

What is a major function of the respiratory system?

autopsy

What is the examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death or to study the changes caused by a disease?

® tight junction

What is the permeability barrier that joins the cell membranes of adjacent cells to form à tight seal?

chemical level

What is the smallest level of structural organization in the human body?

nucleus

What organelle contains the chromosomes?

ribosomes

What organelles are the sites of protein synthesis?

effector

What part of a feedback loop causes physiological responses to return the variable to the normal homeostatic range?

diaphragm

What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

third-degree

What type of burn appears white or black with no immediate pain?

fibroblasts

What type of cells form protein fibers in connective tissue proper?

channel protein

What type of membrane proteins form a passageway through the plasma membrane?

@ callus

What will develop when the skin is subjected to excess friction or pressure?

) parietal pleura, serous fluid, visceral pleura, right lung

What would a needle travel through as it enters the right lung?

osteoclasts

When a fracture begins to heal, one type of bone cell moves into the fracture site and tears down the damaged bone tissue. Which of the following does this?

"goose bumps" form on the skin.

When the arrector pili muscles contract

denatured.

When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken, the protein becomes nonfunctional, and is said to be

sweat glands

When you go outside on a hot summer day, your body temperature heats up above the normal range. Receptors in your brain detect the change in body temperature. The brain activates nerve cells that send messages to sweat glands, causing the body temperature to fall as the sweat evaporates from the skin. What part of this feedback loop is the effector?

light microscope

Which of the following could be used to study general features of cells?

squamous epithelium - stretching

Which of the following epithelial types is mismatched with its function?

Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide.

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

axon

Which of the following is associated with nervous tissue?

short bone - carpal bone

Which of the following is correctly matched?

proteoglycan

Which of the following molecules consists of numerous polysaccharides attached to a protein core?

using your finger to point out an area on a map

Which of the following movements is an example of extension?

All of these are possible

Which of the following movements is possible at the hip or coxal joint?

uracil

Which of the following nitrogen bases is found in RNA but not DNA?

plantar flexion - dorsiflexion

Which of the following pairs of terms are opposites?

" smooth endoplasmic reticulum - chromatin

Which of the following pairs of terms is mismatched?

Sebaceous glands are an example of apocrine glands.

Which of the following statements is false?

muscular system

Which organ system produces movement and generates heat?

osteoclasts

Which type of bone cells have ruffled borders and secrete acids?

have large numbers of lysosomes.

White blood cells digest other cells and so would be expected

It can dissolve many chemical compounds.

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

albinism

A genetic disease characterized by the inability to produce melanin is

© circumduction.

A movement through 360 degrees that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction is called

@ shrink.

A person suffered burns over a large part of his body. Evaporation of fluid from the surface of burned areas occurs. As a result of the evaporation process, cells will tend to

occipital

A person who gets hit on the back of the head might suffer injury to which of these bones?

• loses water.

A red blood cell that is placed in a hypertonic solution

Hyaline

A synchondrosis contains ____ cartilage.

• membrane.

A thin layer of tissue that covers an organ or lines a cavity is a

cuneiform

A woman who drops something on her foot might injure which of the following bones?

positive feedback loop.

A. mother breastfeeds her infant. As long as the baby suckles his mother's breast, the mother's mammary glands produce milk. Suckling, the stimulus, increases milk production, the response. This scenario is best described as:

temporal bone

Alan suffers a concussion. Which bone has possibly been traumatized?

metabolism.

All of the chemical reactions within a cell are known as cell

anabolism.

All of the synthesis reactions in the body are called

© flexion.

Bowing the head is an example of

immunity.

By covering the whole body surface, the skin acts as a protective barrier and plays a role

body temperature homeostasis.

By reducing body temperature during hot weather, skin helps to maintain

osteoclasts.

Cells that break down bone are called

® elevation of the clavicles and scapulae

If you ask someone a question and they do not know the answer, which type of nonverbal expression are you likely to get from that person?

torn a ligament of the ankle.

If you stepped in a hole in the yard and sprained your ankle, you have

© antiport

In ions or molecules move in opposite directions.

the percentage of salt in top and bottom samples would be approximately equal.

was added to a beaker of distilled water (the water was not stirred). A sample taken from the bottom of the beaker was found to be 20% salt. At the same time, a sample taken from the top of the beaker was found to be 2% salt. After 24 hours

• viscerocranium

is in a car accident and fractures his maxilla. To which group of bones does this belong?

Plane

joint between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae is a

flexion

opposite of extension

transmission clectron microscope (TEM).

order to study in detail the anatomy of internal cell parts, it would be best to use

standing upright.

person in anatomical position is visualized to be:

Osmotic

pressure is the force required to prevent the movement of water by osmosis across a semipermeable membrane.

sweating.

An increase in body temperature causes

multiple layers of cells.

Stratified epithelium consists of

© hyponychium.

The stratum corneum beneath the free edge of the nail is the

a metabolic disorder caused by increased uric acid in blood.

Gout

protein synthesis

If a toxic drug inhibited mRNA synthesis, which of the following would be most directly affected?

© neuroglia.

Support cells of the brain and spinal cord are called

@ is produced by a merocrine or apocrine gland.

Sweat

rule of nines.

The amount of body area involved with a burn is determined by the

anterior

The anterior cruciate ligament prevents . ______ displacement of the tibia.