Anthology quiz 2

During meiosis, genes are divided into _____. 2 new cells. 4 new cells. 6 new cells. 8 new cells.

4

26. A portion of the DNA molecule containing a sequence of base pairs that encodes a particular protein is known as a/an: A. gene B. allele C. double helix D. chromosome

A

27. Most of the advances in heredity at the molecular level have occurred during what time period? A. latter part of the XXth century B. early part of the XXth century C. latter part of the XIXth century D. early part of the XIXth century

A

40. Chance fluctuations of allele frequencies in the gene pool of a population are evidences of: A. genetic drift B. gene flow C. mutation D. directional selection

A

51. Interbreeding allows for A. gene flow B. genetic drift C. founder's effect D. guanine

A

Which of the following best describes the "Great Chain of Being" approach? A creation myth discovered by the Greeks in the 1st century AD An early scientific description of the inanimate world based on form A classification of animate life-forms only, with humans at the very top A categorization of animate and inanimate forms based on observable similarities

A categorization of animate and inanimate forms based on observable similarities

What of the primary difference between a creation myth and an evolutionary account? A. evolution explains diversity through scientific language using hypotheses B. evolution explains diversity through scientific language using laws C. evolution can explain diversity and creation myths cannot D. creation myths and evolutionary accounts do not differ

A. evolution explains diversity through scientific language using hypotheses

24. What was different (or unique) about Gregor Mendel's approach to gardening? A. he was a scientist and worked to create commercial plants B. he took systematic notes and was able to identify patterns of heredity C. he bred garden plants to obtain higher yields D. he worked to breed garden plants in order to obtain better varieties

B

45. Overall, what kind of force is mutation in evolution terms? A. negative force B. positive force C. neutral force D. mutation cannot be evaluated in these terms

B

49. Founder's Effect is a type of: A. gene flow B. genetic drift C. natural selection D. environmental selection

B

55. Sickle-cell anemia is found in highest frequencies in populations from: A. western Africa B. central Arica C. southern Africa D. Scandinavia

B

20. What kind of theory is "catastrophism"? A. 17th-century scientific theory B. 18th-century scientific theory C. 19th-century humanistic theory D. 20th-century scientific theory

C

21. Charles Darwin was hired as a ____ on the H.M.S Beagle. A. botanist B. navigator C. traveling companion D. medical doctor

C

41. What was the focus of Rayna Rapp's bio-cultural study? A. the phenomenon of aggression among non-human primates B. the effect of genetic drift on rates of sickle-cell anemia transmission C. the social impact of today's reproductive technologies, such as amniocentesis D. the genetic similarity between humans and chimpanzees

C

44. The chimp's genome is estimated to be ____% larger than the human's. A. 50 B. 75 C. 10 D. 25

C

50. The main structural protein for skin, bones, and teeth is: A. thymine B. adenine C. collagen D. guanine

C

Evolution can be described as: A. an anti-Creationist account of the origin of life B. the foundation of culture in contemporary society C. the major organizing principle of the biological sciences D. the major organizing principle of the social sciences

C. the major organizing principle of the biological sciences

Which scientist developed the Systema Naturae? Aristotle Carolus Linnaeus Jean Lamarck Charles Darwin

Carolus Linnaeus

11. Homo describes a human ____. A. order B. homology C. genus D. species

D

42. Which of the following is not routinely associated with new reproductive technologies, such as genetic testing? A. a shift in cultural practices surrounding pregnancy B. potential to label disabled people as undesirable C. increased incidence of genetic assessments D. lowered incidence of pregnancy

D

43. Chimpanzees and humans share what percentage of DNA similarity? A. 90% B. 95% C. 97% D. 98%

D

48. The average rate of mutation per million is: A. 100 B. 20 C. 1000 D. 30

D

While human populations are subject to the same laws of natural selection as other species, humans also have extensive and elaborate culture. Choose and discuss one (1) example of cultural processes that complicate simple environmental adaptation.

Diet - Poor diet during childhood affects the growth process and ultimately impacts adult body shape and size. Clothing - To cope with bitter Arctic climates, people develop efficient clothing to keep the body warm that creates artificial tropical environments for themselves inside their clothing.

Where are the Nez Perce located? Eastern Oregon and Idaho Washington and western Montana Tennessee and eastern Kentucky Massachusetts and New York

Eastern Oregon and Idaho

Who was responsible for providing the principles of heredity? Gregor Mendel Charles Lyell Thomas Malthus Charles Darwin

Gregor Mendel

How would you best describe a genus? A group of like species A subdivision of species A sub-species Archaic forms of species

a group

Adaptation can best be described as _____. an inherited form of anemia caused by a mutation. dominant characteristics in the gene pool. a series of beneficial adjustments to the environment. the introduction of alleles from the gene pool of a non-native population.

a series of beneficial adjustments to the environment.

Structures possessed by different organisms that are superficially similar due to similar function but do not share a common development pathway or structure are referred to as _____. homologies. taxonomies. analogies. phylogenies.

analogies

The cellular structures that contain genetic information are called _____. alleles. genes. chromosomes. heritable units.

chromosome

Homo describes a human _____. order. homology. genus. species.

genus

Anatomical features that have evolved from a common ancestral feature but acquire different functions are called _____. homologies. taxonomies. morphologies. adaptations.

homologies.

Sex cell division is called _____. independent assortment. segregation. meiosis. mitosis.

meiosis

Cell division that involves exact replication of parent cells is called _____. mitosis. mitochondriosis. meiosis. cloning.

mitosis

Darwin's theory was known as the theory of _____. natural selection. natural variation. animal evolution. circumnavigation.

natural selection.