anthro ch 13

Upper Paleolithic people:

Sophisticated manufacture of clothing, Ivory tools, Mode 4 tools, Long distance trade or transport of raw materials

____________ was not commonplace in the archaeological record before modern humans.

art

During the Middle Stone Age (MSA), ______________was/were developed.

composite tools

Which of the following is something that genetic data tells researchers regarding the origin of modern humans?

correct: -Interbreeding between early modern humans and the hominins in Eurasia only occurred on a small scale. -Most of the genes that gave rise to modern humans evolved in Africa between 200 and 90 kya. -Modern humans outside of Africa all originated from a small African population that migrated approximately 60 kya. false: -Neanderthals did not interbreed with any other late hominin species in Eurasia.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the genetic evidence for interbreeding of early modern humans with older populations? Select all that apply.

correct: -Modern Eurasian populations contain about 2% Neanderthal DNA. -Modern Pacific populations contain between 3% and 6% Denisovan DNA. false: -Modern African populations contain about 0.5% Neanderthal DNA. -Modern Eurasian populations contain about 3% Denisovan DNA. -Modern East Asian populations contain about 0.5% Neanderthal DNA.

Which of the following is something that genetic data tells researchers regarding the origin of modern humans? Select all that apply.

correct: -Most of the genes that gave rise to modern humans evolved in Africa between 200 and 90 kya. -Modern humans outside of Africa all originated from a small African population that migrated approximately 60 kya. -Interbreeding between early modern humans and the hominins in Eurasia only occurred on a small scale. false: -Neanderthals did not interbreed with any other late hominin species in Eurasia.

Denisovans contributed to the genomes of modern human populations such as_________________

east Asians

Denisovans and Neanderthals are genetically indistinct from one another.

false

Evidence that Upper Paleolithic people may have been more adapted to their environments than Neanderthals includes which of the following?

modern humans were less likely to suffer disease

Neaderthal skull traits:

occipital bun, long and low skull

During the Upper Paleolithic in southern France, there was a variety of different tool traditions that were developed and utilized sequentially during a period of approximately 25,000 years. Put the following four tool types in order from the earliest development to the latest development.

Aurignacian, Gravettian, Solutrean, Magdalenian

Neanderthals

Burial without ritual, Mode 3 tools only, Local raw material for making stone tools

Examine this graph of genetic variation within chimpanzees and within humans. This genetic evidence has established that humans are less genetically variable than chimpanzees. This can be interpreted as meaning which of the following? (Note: The red bars reflect within group variation; the blue bars indicate between group variation.)

Europeans and Africans are more similar to one another than are two groups of chimpanzees

How can the nonrecombining part of the Y chromosome (NRY) help researchers to trace the origins of modern humans?

NRY enables researchers to identify the most recent common ancestor for the Y chromosome

Remains of anatomically modern humans have been found at sites throughout Africa, Europe, and Asia. Below are five of these fossil sites. Put them in order from the oldest (earliest in fossil record = most kya) to the youngest (most recent in fossil record = least kya).

Omo Kibish, Herto, Qafzeh, Klasies RiverTianyuan Cave

Why are humans less genetically variable than other organisms despite the fact that we range all over the world?

The human species has undergone a rapid population expansion

Modern human skull traits:

smaller nose, high forehead

Early modern humans interbred with earlier hominins, such as Neanderthals.

true

Modern Homo sapiens fossils have less robust postcranial skeletons than Neanderthal skeletons.

true

Since 2000, the hypotheses that McBrearty and Brooks first presented about the Middle Stone Age (MSA) have been strengthened by archaeological evidence. According to this particular body of work, which of the following statements are true of MSA people? Select all that apply.

true: -They had large social networks. -They had symbolic behavior. false: -They did not exhibit complex adaptive technologies, such as the creation of bone tools, shelters, and hearths. -They did not make use of personal adornment or decorations as later hominins did. -Their behavior was of comparable complexity to the behavior of Homo ergaster.

Which of the following traits characterize anatomically modern humans?

true: Prominent chin Brain size of 1,350 cc or more. false: Occipital bun Projecting mid-face Short limbs