Anthro Final (Test 3)

True/False The younger dryas is a period of sudden warming of the post-ice age world

False

What is the accumulation of goods by a particular person, or in a particular place, for the purpose of subsequent distribution

Redistribution

What is not a distribution system?

Stealing

The rise of food production led to

accelerated population growth declining health elaboration of material possession

True/False The purpose of balanced reciprocity is to develop long term relationships among the participants

False

True/False The push-pull model suggests that populations were pushed into agriculture by changes in the environment while at the same time being pulled toward agriculture by their increases in their population size

False

True/False The slash-and-burn technique is often used by intensive agriculturalists

False

Sharing is most common in what type of societies ?

egalitarian societies

The probability that an individual will change class levels in an open class system is

Extremely low

To explain the Hebrew prohibition against pork as a reaction to pigs not fitting stereotypes about how animals behave is what kind of explanation?

Symbolic

True/False In horticulture, simple techniques are able to yield more food than is available to food collectors

True

True/False Norms are standards or rules about what is acceptable behavior

True

True/False Sharing is more likely when resources are unpredictable

True

True/False The wealth differential among people in egalitarian societies is very small

True

The idea cultural patterns of a society

consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave

True/False Among hunter and gatherers there is usually no division of labor in food collecting

False

True/False Exchanges of equal value are known as generalize reciprocity

False

True/False Food collectors often suffer from famine and food shortages

False

True/False Food collectors who rely on fishing tend to be more egalitarian

False

What did the Natufians NOT do?

Grow domesticated grain

What is not a food production system?

Hunting and gathering

Individual families in pastoral societies are most likely to own what?

animals

The ideal cultural patterns of a society

consist of the ideas people have about how they ought to behave

Which subsistence strategies results in the LEAST amount of time spent in subsistence activities?

foraging

What is an indirect form of taxation?

forced labor

Generalized reciprocity is most likely between

kin

A society practicing which form of stratification when the members of a society have equal access to economic resources and power but not to prestige?

ranked society

True/False Money is a medium of exchange that is always inherently valuable

False

True/False The different distribution systems rarely coexist in a society

False

True/False Archaeological evidence of domestication is when there is evidence that plants and animals show a difference from wild plants and animals

True

What is not put forth as a possible reason for broad spectrum collecting?

average height of the population

Which is not a characteristic of food-collecting societies?

]Recognition of individual rights to land

The subsistence strategy that characterized most of human history was

food collection

When goods and services are given to another without any apparent expectation of a return gift, we call it

generalized reciprocity

As understood by anthropologists, horticulture includes everything except what?

greenhouses for growing crops

The horse drawn plow is an associated with which substance activity?

intensive agriculture

What characterizes horticulture?

land worked for short periods of time and then left idle for some years

Giving and taking without the use on money is a characteristic of what?

reciprocity

Contemporary food collectors are/do NOT...

relics of the past no interaction with modern world live in all types of environment

What Is not a consequence of intensive agriculture?

smaller population groups

What is not a consequence of horticulture?

strict egalitarianism

In what region are hunter-gatherers least likely to be found today?

temperate climates

By "market exchange" anthropologists mean

transactions in which prices are subject to supply and demand, whether or not the transaction takes place in the market place.