Anthropology 1

An anthropologist might consider doing "anthropology at a distance" because

all of the above

The subfield of anthropology that studies the material remains of past cultures, often focusing on the rise of cities, is called

archaeology

The moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is

cultural relativism

he process of learning culture from a very young age is called

enculturation

Which term refers to the knowledge about other people that emerges from relationships?

intersubjective

Anthropologists overcome ethnocentrism by

seeing matters from the point of view of another culture

In Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States, what northern Mexico border town do the migrants stop to prepare to cross the border?

Altar

Who was responsible for the theory of functionalism?

Bronislaw Malinowski

The thinker who developed the theory of evolution by means of natural selection in the nineteenth century was

Charles Darwin

The nineteenth-century British anthropologist who is credited with the development of the concept of culture through an evolutionary perspective where the most evolved societies resembled the British societies in which he lived was

E. B. Tylor

According to Seth M. Holmes, the migrants believe the best time of year to cross the border is December to January because that is when there are the least number of environmental hazards and many jobs are available then.

False

Anthropologists believe that the "native point of view" is better than their own.

False

Anthropologists have always approached a problem by specializing in one of the four subfields.

False

Contemporary cultural anthropologists still rank societies along an evolutionary scale from "primitive" to "advanced."

False

Cultural anthropology is one of the most quantitative of the social sciences.

False

Cultural relativism is important because it helps anthropologists understand and defend all the things that people in other cultures do.

False

The American anthropologist responsible for the concept of historical particularism was named

Franz Boas

This anthropologist rejected the idea that there are groups of people belonging to stable and unchanging races

Franz Boas

When crossing the U.S./Mexico border, why don't the migrant workers look at the helicopter?

The lights from the helicopter make their eyes visible in the dark and would give away their location.

A biocultural analysis of carpal tunnel syndrome would emphasize the complex intersection of environmental, biological, and social causes of it.

True

A key concern in the 1850s that shaped the discipline of anthropology was the emergence of a new scientific theory called "evolution."

True

Anthropologists like E. E. Evans-Pritchard and Renato Rosaldo do not see cultural anthropology as a science.

True

Gene flow and genetic drift work on human populations in opposite ways.

True

Qualitative methods often use the researchers themselves as the research instrument

True

Seth M. Holmes chose to begin his fieldwork in the U.S. rather than in Mexico because he was able to obtain permission to work alongside migrant laborers at a berry farm in the Pacific Northwest and he felt this was a better way to develop relationships with the people in his study group.

True

The American Anthropological Association code of ethics requires that anthropologists do no harm to the populations they study; to help protect his study population, Seth M. Holmes changed the names of some of the people and places he writes about in Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States.

True

A key principle of the holistic perspective developed by Franz Boas is

a goal of synthesizing the entire context of human experience

In which of the following locations would you find an anthropologist doing fieldwork?

all of the above.

The application of the comparative method in his research in Papua New Guinea led coauthor Robert Welsch to focus on

all of the above.

The subfield of anthropology that studies human evolution, including human genetics and human nutrition, is called

biological anthropology

A quantitative approach to studying the archaeological past would be most interested in

building and testing hypotheses by collecting, classifying, and measuring the remains of past cultures

Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best is

ethnocentrism

If you wanted to understand the norms of a society, you would be most likely to focus on

everyday interactions

Which of the following is the defining methodology to the discipline of anthropology?

fieldwork

The perspective that aims to identify and understand cultures in the entirety is called

holistic

The flexibility of the brain is called

neural plasticity

The idea that embraces dynamic cultural processes and the idea that the observer of cultural processes can never see culture completely objectively represent

post-structuralism

Even though anthropologists use parts of the scientific method, some don't see what they do as science because

the complexity of social behavior prevents any completely objective analysis of human culture

A qualitative approach to studying social life in your university would emphasize all of the following except

the construction of statistical models to explain activities in the community

The primary ethical responsibility of anthropologists is to

the people or species they study

An evolutionary perspective would be most likely to explain colonialism as

the superior natural abilities of one group of people allowing them to control an inferior group of people

The most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture are referred to as

traditions

An ethical approach to anthropological research would emphasize

all of the above

Anthropologists believe that our behavior is influenced by

both

A relativistic perspective on the meanings of Coca-Cola in Tzotzil Maya communities in Chiapas, Mexico, would emphasize

that those meanings are only sensible within a culturally specific set of ideas about religion and spirituality

When did anthropology emerge as an academic discipline?

1800s

The purpose of Seth M. Holmes ethnographic study is to

all of the above.

The defining feature of historical particularism is

individual societies develop particular cultural traits and undergo a unique process of change

Culture is

learned and shared

The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called

linguistic anthropology

If you studied sex workers in your city as Philippe Bourgois studied crack dealers in New York City, you might find that

maintaining confidentiality is an ongoing challenge

The comparative method

all of the above

A biocultural perspective on the evolution of our species would emphasize that

culture is an emergent and dynamic element of our species' biological evolution

Cultural determinism is unproductive for cultural analysis because

all of the above

During fieldwork cultural anthropologists

all of the above

What kind of data do anthropologists gather from doing interviews?

all of the above

Diversity defined anthropologically

focuses on multiplicity and variety

Field notes are usually written on the spot, not after the fact.

False

Historical archaeologists excavate sites where written historical documentation exists that provides an accurate description of the way the people actually lived.

False

In Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States, the migrant workers believe their migration is voluntary because though they could easily earn decent wages and live comfortably in Mexico, they make more money and have an easier life in the U.S.

False

Anthropologists of the 1880s are referred to as "armchair anthropologists" because they never traveled abroad and they gathered data from other people's reports.

True

Which project would be best suited to parachute ethnography?

a study of community response to a disaster

The enhanced cognition of early modern humans allowed for

all of the above.

The human mind is

all of the above.

The methods Seth M. Holmes uses for his study include

all of the above.

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called

functionalism

This evolutionary mechanism is only important when population sizes are small and possibly geographically isolated

genetic drift

The process by which inheritable traits are passed along to offspring because they are better suited to the environment is

natural selection

Cultural models help us make sense of the world because

they provide a pattern for one's own behavior and interpreting others' actions