Anthropology Kinship and Family test

Totemism was defined by British anthropologists ___ as a set of "customs and beliefs by which there is set up a special system of relations between society and the plants, animals, and other natural objects that are important in social life."

A.R Radcliffe- Brown

Descent groups

A:are composed of those who claim to be lineally descended from a particular ancestor B: are common in human societies D:Trace their connections back to a common ancestor through a chain of parent-child links, and thus appear to stem from the parent-child bond ANSWER: all but C

If an anthropologist discovers that an informant who is describing the kinship terminology used in his society uses the same term, "Baba, " to refer to individuals that the anthropologist would call "father" and "father's brother." What does the anthropologist conclude?

All individuals called "Baba" share a common status with regard to ego; they play the same role, such as disciplining or teaching him

A young man of Jewish affiliation moves to NYC to find a job. He calls everyone he knows of from both his mother's and father's side of the family, and attends various meeting to which invited by his virtue of being related to various ancestors on both his parents' side. These groups support him when he runs out of money and help him find an apartment and a job. We can say that he is a member of a(n) __ descent group.

Ambilineal

Patrilineal descent is likely to be found in societies where ___.

Answer E: both b and d male labor is a prime factor and pastoralism and intensive agriculture are practiced

North American groups assume that they are related equally to the relatives on both the mother's and father's side. The group composed of such people to which these individuals feel that they belong is called a(n) _.

Bilateral

kinship affiliates a person with close relatives through both sexes: in other words, the individual traces descent through both parents, all four grandparents, and so forth, recognizing multiple ancestors

Bilateral kinship

A __ is a noncorporate descent group whose members claim descent to a common ancestor, but cannot trace their genealogical links to that ancestor.

Clan

A phratry is a unilineal descent group composed of two or more __ that believe that they are related to each other.

Clans

Among the Yako of Nigeria, an individual might inherit grazing lands from his father's patrilineal group, and livestock and ritual knowledge from his mother's matrilineal group. This is an example of ___ descent.

Double

Which of the following is not a form of descent?

Forms of descent are: unilineal, patrilineal, matrilineal, ambilineal, bilateral

The word "moiety" comes from the French word for ___, and exists when a society is divided into two and only two major descent groups.

Half

In autumn 1981, anthropologist ___ went to Maine to check out a job at the Association of Aroostook Indians, which needed a research and development director.

Harald Pins

In the _______________ system of kinship terminology, ego's father, father's brother and mother's brother are all referred to by the same term, and ego's mother, mother's sister and father's sister are all referred by the same term; the term "brother" includes ego's brothers as well as male cousins.

Hawaiian

The least complex system of kinship terminology (the one with the fewest terms for an anthropologist to memorize) is _______________.

Hawaiian

A boy is born into a society that practices matrilineal descent. The person who exercises authority over him is ___.

His mothers brother

The kin- ordered social structure of the ___ offers an interesting ethnographic example of moiety system.

Hopi

Jane DOe, after being away from home for many years, decides to hold a family reunion. She invites her siblings, parents, both set of grandparent her great- aunts and great- uncles, their children, her aunts and uncles and their children. This group brought together for a temporary time, with such vague boundaries, is called a(n) ___.

Kindred

___ develop out of extended families when families split up and move to nearby regions, and the core members of these families recognize their descent from common ancestor and continue to organize activities based on this idea.

Lineages

In what country do we find the Maori people?

New Zealand

Among people of ____ ancestry, clan affiliation is still a matter of interest, though the important of such kin groups diminished.

Scottish

Clans, because they may have members living in many different villages, depend on ___ to provide symbolic identification and promote solidarity.

Totems

What minority system was van Eck studying in the Netherlands

Turkish immigrants

In a(n) ____ descent group, membership is traced either through males or through females but not both.

Unilineal

___descent provides an easy way of restricting descent group membership so as to minimize problems of divided loyalty and like.

Unilineal

Matrilineal descent groups are associated with farming societies in which __ are the breadwinners.

Woman

You belong to a patrilineal descent group. Which of the following belong(s) to the same group.

Your fathers sister

The Hawaiian system of kinship terminology is usually associated with_______________ descent

ambilineal

In the Biocultural Connection, what was the focus of the research of the Maori people?

connecting DNA types with the people's origin myths

In _______________ kinship terminology, ego's "brother" and "sister" are distinguished from "cousins"; both father's brother and mother's brother are given the same kinship term, "uncle."

eskimo

Descent groups are frequently found to be important organizing devices in __.

food foraging societies, horticultural societies, pastoral societies, intensive agricultural societies

Eskimo kinship terminology ___

is comparatively rare, is used by Anglo-Americans, is used by many hunting-and-gathering peoples

Membership in a ___ is determined not by descent from a common ancestor (as in descent groups) but by the fact that they share a living relative (ego)

kindered

Where nuclear families are important, the principle of bilateral and the group called the ___ will probably exist.

kindred

By Tracing membership either through males or through females, members of unilineal descent groups___

know exactly to which group they belong and where their primary loyalties lie

Among the Hopi, ___ function as landholding corporations, allocation land for the support of member households.

lineages

Which of the following is not a Maori cultural concept?

namus

In many human societies genealogical connections are used to define each individual's ____

privileges, obligations, and rights

What are honor killings?

ritualized murder

What were the Maori migration routes based on the mitochondrial DNA studies?

southeast china

If two people are given the same kinship term, this means that ___

they occupy similar status

Matrilineal descent is found in South Asia, in India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Sumatra, Tibet, South China, many Indonesian islands, as well as in aboriginal North America and Africa. What do all of these societies have in common?

they practice horticulture, in which women are breadwinners.

What was the primary purpose of advocacy anthropology among the Micmac?

to help with tribal recognition

A person in a system of bilateral descent __.

traces descent through both parents simultaneously and recognizes multiple ancestors

Namus is

turkish honor

Although not true of all matrilineal systems, a common feature in the ___ of the tie between husband and wife.

weakness

A lineage is a corporate descent group ____.

where land is owned collectively and members are held responsible for one another's behavior

If you are a member of a patrilineal group, ___

your sisters belong to the same patrilineal descent group that you do