Anthropology Unit 2

he has the power to coerce others.

All of the following describe the Big Man of New Guinea, EXCEPT ________.

group of people who live together and share activities such as cooking, childcare, and economic support.

Anthropologists use the term domestic group to refer to a___________.

nuclear family.

A family of parents in a culturally-recognized relationship, such as marriage, and their minor or dependent children is called a/an ________.

state.

A society characterized by a centralized government that has a monopoly over the legitimate use of force, a large diverse population, social stratification, and complex economies is called a _______.

stratified society.

A society in which elites, who are a numerical minority, control the strategic resources that sustain life is referred to as a ____________.

band society.

A society that is nomadic and small in size, lacks formal leadership, and generally forages for their living is likely a _________.

the set of practices used by members of a society to acquire food.

A subsistence system is ________.

there is only one set of heirs in a generation.

According to "When Brothers Share a Wife", in polyandrous marriage ___________________.

becoming self-confident and charming since they did not have to worry about their popularity with the men.

Nanda speculates that the practice of arranging a marriage in India has resulted in young Indian women __________________.

Agricultural

People who are disconnected from the production of their food (that is, who do not know where their daily food comes from or how it was produced) are most likely to be in which kind of society?

is a survival strategy that reinforces social equality and helps the group get through times of scarcity.

Sharing of food and other resources among members of foraging groups _________.

balanced reciprocity.

The Kula Ring of the Trobriand Islands, a ceremonial exchange of arm bands and necklaces, best illustrates _________.

men and women could have more than one spouse, but the children always remained with their mothers.

The Nayar of southern India practiced an interesting form of matrilineal descent in which women lived with their mothers and siblings, even after marriage. This had the result that _________.

negative reciprocity.

The Nigerian email scams that ask Western strangers for money, and promise reciprocity, can best be understood as __________.

power

The ability to induce behavior of others in specified ways by means of coercion or use or threat of physical force is called __________.

The four levels of socio-cultural integration characterized by Elman Service are ________.

The ability to induce or cause the behavior of others to change due to a social or political position is called _______________.

their economic activity is uniquely adapted to the contemporary global economy by utilizing several modes of production simultaneously.

The fact that small-scale, semi-subsistence farmers - such as the indigenous coffee farmers of Central America and Mexico - own their own land, organize along a kin-based system, and also produce a commodity for the global market demonstrates that _______.

All of the above giving gifts builds a relationship between two individuals or groups. economic behavior is a unique cultural practice in each area of the world and throughout time. the meaning of gifts is a symbolic reflection of culture and how people understand right and wrong.

The importance of gift-giving to reciprocity is that ___________.

the mode of production

The social relations through which human labor is used to transform energy from nature using tools, skills, organization, and knowledge, is called _____.

Carrying capacity

The term that anthropologists use to quantify the number of calories that can be extracted from a particular unit of land to support a human population is _______.

kinship

The word used to describe culturally-recognized ties between members of a family is ________________.

false

True or False: As discussed by King, sexual monogamy is a natural human state; we evolved for sexual exclusivity.

true

True or False: As stated by Fuentes, marriage (in both secular and religious systems) is best viewed as a social system for legitimizing reproduction and inheritance of property, control of and regulation of sexual activity, and, recently, the culturally sanctioned outcome of romantic "love."

True

True or False: In the film, Ongka's Big Moka, Rumbicole, Ongka's wife, is shown doing most of the direct subsistence labor.

Alll of the above are correct.

What is the most accurate relationship between subsistence activities and other aspects of society?

Capitalist production

Which mode of production has these three central features: private property is owned by a business class; workers sell their labor power to survive; and surpluses of wealth are produced?

All of the above population growth. shift to agriculture. production of a surplus.

Which of the following factors are associated with the emergence of inequality, as discussed by Rogers?

To examine how many forces affect the decisions of economic actors in production, exchange, and consumption, and the meaning of material and immaterial objects

Which of the following is the best summary of the goals of economic anthropology?

There is enough food produced to feed everyone on the planet, only it is unevenly distributed, and some regions face shortages and hunger.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between agricultural food production and feeding the world's population?

Foraging for plant foods in a forest

Which of the following subsistence activities is an example of an immediate return system?

Horticulturalists move their gardens periodically, use simple tools, and largely consume their own crops.

Which statement best represents the practice of horticulture?

egalitarian, ranked, or stratified.

Each of the four types of socio-cultural integration can be identified as ____________.

not Westernized people in the ways originally feared, and in some cases have caused a resurgence of local identities.

Economic anthropologists have studied the results of Westernization around the world, and found that increasing numbers of McDonalds (or other Western commodities) have ___________.

have a diet based on a wide range of food resources.

Foragers have a broad spectrum diet, that is, they ___________.

collective ownership of the primary means of production and lower rates of social domination.

Foraging societies are characterized by _______.

generalized reciprocity.

Gifts that are given without agreeing upon the exact value of the gift, nor the time frame within which it should be returned, demonstrates

number of animals a person owns

In a pastoralist society, wealth and status are measured by the ___________.

All of the above your mother's brothers may not be counted as relatives. your father's brothers are part of your lineage. your mother's brothers and father's brothers will likely have different terms to identify them.

In a patrilineal system,

the mother's line only.

Matrilineal descent refers to the recognition of descent through ____________.