Ap Bio Ch. 6,7,8

Which of the following statements about cotransport of solutes across a membrane is correct?

Cotransport proteins allow a single ATP...

Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of a plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular matrix?

First two answers

Which of the following organelles in unlikely to show enhanced abundance in the pancreas cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes?

Free cytoplasmic ribosomes

Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components?

cilia

A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should be chosen and why is it the best choice?

light microscope, because the specimen is alive

Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through __________.

piasmodesmata

The transmission of nerve impulses between adjacent... returning the cell to its original state?

receptor mediated endocytosis

Which of the following enables a cell to pick up a concentrate a specific kind of molecule?

receptor-mediated ...

Cell fractionation ________

results in the disruption of the cells and their organelles

Consider the transport of protons and sucrose into a plant cell by the sucrose-proton cotransport protein. Plant cells continuously produce a proton gradient by using the energy of ATP hydrolysis to pump protons out of the cell. Why, in the absence of sucrose, do protons not move back into the cell through the sucrose-proton cotransport protein?

the movement of protons...

In terms of cellular function, what is the most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Compartmentalization ...

Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true?

Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm.

A protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized ____

... Rough ER

Which one of the following statements about the sodium potassium pump is correct

... it is electrogenic

Which one of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true?

... synthesize some of their own proteins

The internal solute concentration of a plant cell is about 0.8M. To demonstrate plasmolysis, it would be necessary to suspend the cell in what solution?

1.0 M

Green olives may be preserved in brine, which is a 30% salt solution. How does this method of preservation prevent microorganisms from growing in the olives?

A 30% salt solution is hypertonic to the bacteria, so they lose too much water and cannot survive

A certain cell has ribosomes and DNA, and is surrounded by a membrane. But there are no mitochondria present. based on this info. this cell is most likely _______

A bacterium

Which of the following would be least likely to diffuse through a plasma membrane without the help of a transport protein?

A large polar molecule

Which of the following is a correct difference between active transport and facilitated diffusion?

Active transport requires energy ffrom ATP...

Active transport requires a cell to expand energy. Which of the following statements is true?

All of the above

Which of the following cell processes or characteristics are related to the cytoskeleton?

All of the above

Which of the following is a function of membrane proteins?

All of the above

Which of the following is true about facilitated diffusion?

All of the above

Which statement about the sidedness of the plasma membrane is correct?

All of the above

Which of the following are likely to limit the maximum size of a cell?

All of the choices are correct

Cells A and B are the same size, shape, and temperature, but cell A is metabolically less active than cell B; cell B is actively converting oxygen to water in cellular respiration. Oxygen will diffuse more rapidly into cell __________ because __________.

B; the diffusion gradient in cell B is steeper

If a red blood cell and a plant cell were placed in seawater, what would happen to the two types of cells?

Both cells would lose water; the red blood cell would shrivel...

Which of the following correctly compares the ECM of animals to cell walls of plant cells?

Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates

Which of the follow is the simplest collection of matter that can live?

Cell

Which of the following correctly describes a general property of all electrogenic pumps?

Creates a voltage difference across the membrane

Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures within a cell?

Cytoskeleton

Which of the following structures are found in plant cells and animal cells?

Cytoskeleton

Which of the following are possible sites of protein synthesis in a typical eukaryotic cell?

First three answers

Consider a protein that is made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum ..... Where else in the cell might this protein be found?

Embedded in the plasma membrane ....

Which of the following functional processes result from the presence of proteins in or on the plasma membrane?

Enzymatic activity

Which of the following processes, normally associated with membrane transport, must occur to account for an increase in the surface area of a cell?

Exocytosis

Which of these statements describes some aspect of facilitated diffusion?

Facilitated diffusion of solutes may occur through protein pores in the membrane

A researcher made an interesting observation ... Protein was probably altered in the _______

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following sequences represents the order in which a protein mmade in the rough ER might move through the ES

Golgi apparatus; vacuole

Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell they __________.

Have no membrane-bounded ...

Chloroplast and mitochondria are thought to be ... most similar to ribosomes found _______

In bacterial cells

The walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are synthesized ___

In the Rough Er and Golgi Apparatus

Which one of the following statements about diffusion is true?

It is a passive process

Which one of the following statement concerning carbohydrates associated with the plasma membrane is correct?

Membrane carbohydrates function primarily in cell-cell recognition

Which of the following organelles lack membranes as part of their structure?

Microfilaments

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells?

Mitochondria

Which of the following is true?

Mitochondria are involved in energy metabolism

Which one of the following five membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four?

Mitochondrial outer membrane

Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following?

Motor proteins

Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria?

Muscle cells ...

Which of the following possible reason for grouping the peroxides with chloroplasts and mitochondria

None of these ...

Imagine two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that allows water to pass, but not sucrose or glucose. The membrane separates a 0.2-molar sucrose solution from a 0.2-molar glucose solution. With time, how will the solutions change?

Nothing happens because the two solutions are isotonic to one another

The average wavelength of visible light is about 550 nanometers. Which of the following cellular structures is unlikely to be resolved with a light microscope?

Nuclear pore complexes (100 nanometers in diameter) on the nuclear membrane

Which of the following statements about passive transport is true?

Passive transport permits the transported ...

Which of the following statements about the role of phospholipids in forming membrane is correct?

Phospholipids form a selectively permeable structure

Which of the following pair correctly matches a membrane transport process to its primary function?

Pinocytosis....

A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through __________.

Plasma Membrane

Which one of the following cell structures exhibits selective permeability between a cell and its external environment?

Plasma Membrane

Which of the following types of info is most likely to be derived from freeze fracture of biological samples?

Proteins embedded in membrane bilayers

Which of the following structures is most consistent with the selective permeability property of biological membranes

Proteins embedded in two layers

You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to __________.

Secrete a lot of protein

What is the functional connection between the nucleolus,, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane?

Subunits of ribosomes are assembled.

The plasma membrane is referred to as a "fluid mosaic"...

The fluid component of the membrane is phospholipid, and the mosaic is protein

Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why?

The intestinal cells and bound together by tight junctions

A single plant cell is placed in an isotonic solution. Salt is then added to the solution. Which of the following would occur as a result of the salt addition?

Water would leave the cell by osmosis, causing the colume of the cytoplasm to decrease

The concentration of solutes in a red blood cell is about 2%.....

a hypertonic sucrose solution

Glucose is a six-carbon sugar that diffuses slowly through artificial membranes. The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move glucose from the gut into their cytoplasm. This occurs whether the gut concentrations of glucose are higher or lower than the glucose concentrations in the intestinal cell cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most likely responsible for the glucose transport in intestinal cells?

active transport

Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to __________.

be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment.

Which one of the following molecules is most likely to diffuse freely across the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane without the involvement of transport proteins?

carbon dioxide

A nursing infant is able to obtain... via which process?

endocytosis

A cell has a membrane potential of -100 mV (more negative inside than outside) and has 1,000 times more calcium ions outside the cell than inside. Which of the following best describes a mechanism by which Ca2+ enters the cell?

facilitated diffusion...

Which of the following are more likely to be involved .. which is part of the endomembrane system?

free ...

Consider the currently accepted fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. Where in the plasma membrane would cholesterol most likely be found?

in the interior off the the membrane

Which of the following categories best describes the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

manufacturing

The observation that chloroplast and mitochondria ... suggest ... ______

must divide each time ...

A plant was grown in a test tube containing radioactive nucleotides..... to be concentrated in the _____

nucleus

Consider the currently accepted fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane. Where in the membrane would carbohydrates most likely be found?

on the outside surface of the membrane

Which of the following organelles might be found inside other organelles?

ribosomes

Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common?

ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm (RPC)

If we used a light microscope to examine an active cell, involved in extensive protein production, we would expect that chromosomes would appear as _____.

ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum (R,R,S)