AP BIO Chapter 16 Sec 1
In a situation where Both allele and genotype frequencies change, evolution_________ occur.
did
In a situation where allele frequencies remain the same, but genotype frequencies change evolution ______ occur.
did not
In a situation where neither genotype nor allele frequencies change evolution _________ occur.
did not
Since genetic drift occurs due to chance, these events _________ necessarily lead to adaptations to the environment.
do not
The ____________________ is an example of genetic drift in which a small group of individuals establishes a larger population.
founder effect
If the frequencies of alleles do not change from one generation to the next, ______________________ has occurred.
genetic equilibrium
A population exhibiting the founder effect is normally ____________ from a general population.
isolated
Genetic drifts can be caused by events that can include _______________, disease, or famine.
natural disasters
It is necessary for the maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that no members of a population leave and ____________________ enter a population.
no new members
It is necessary for the maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that ______________ are introduced within a population.
no new mutations
In the founding individuals of the population, ______ alleles can be present.
rare
Genetic drift
reduces genetic variation in a population.
It is necessary for the maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium that all genotypes within a population have an equal chance at ________________.
reproduction
T/F In a population of peppered moths, the allele frequency of d shifts from 0.49 to 0.64 over successive generations. That means this population is NOT an equilibrium and is therefore evolving.
True
After a tautomeric shift in adenine
adenine bonds with cytosine
Beause of the founder effect, evolution is said to have occurred because the _______________ of the population has changed.
allele frequency
Evolution is considered a change in the frequencies of ___________ over generations.
alleles
If the frequencies of ________ has changed, then microevolution has occurred.
alleles
If the frequency of an allele reaches 1.0, the allele is said to be
fixed
Random changes in the allele frequencies of a gene pool are referred to as _________________.
genetic drift
In a tautomeric shift
hydrogen atoms move to form a base with altered hydrogen properties.
Individuals that mate at ___________ are necessary for the maintenance of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
random
T/F Genetic drift refers to the movement of individuals between populations.
False
During the founding effect, rare alleles may be at a ____________ frequency in the founder population than they were in the original population.
higher
The effect of genetic drift is much more significant in ________ populations.
small
genetic drift occurs in populations of all sizes, the effect on the frequencies of alleles is greatest in ___________ populations.
smaller
An example of the _______________ a hurricane destroys 1/4 of the bird population in southern Florida.
Bottleneck effect
An example of the ________________ is an apartment complex is built on a wetland, reducing the wetland habitat by over 75% and the fish population by close to 60%.
Bottleneck effect
The __________________is a random event that prevents a majority of individuals from entering the next generation.
Bottleneck effect
T/F A population of peppered moths is monitored over several generations. It is observed that the number of white moths compared to the number of black moths changes with each successive generation. This means that the population cannot be at equilibrium and the population is therefore evolving.
False
An example of ____________ is a highway is built through a pristine forest splitting the deer population in half. The associated development around the highway prevents the two halves from interacting.
Founder effect
An example of the ______________ a hive of bees is overcrowded and half the population swarms to form a new hive elsewhere.
Founder effect
An example of _______________, is that a single frog is removed from his habitat for a school project and is returned to a different watershed where it joins another population.
Gene flow
An example of_______________ pollen from a genetically engineered wheat crop pollinates a population of native wheat plants nearby.
Gene flow
By looking at the frequencies of alleles within a single population over a period of time, one can determine if ____________________ has occured.
Microevolution
___________________ is the change in the frequencies of alleles in populations from one generation to the next.
Microevolution
If a population does NOT meet the requirements of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how would the allelic frequencies of that population be affected?
The allele frequencies may increase or decrease.
T/F DNA mutations are passed on to a cell's progeny.
True
T/F Genetic drift is a random process.
True
Which of the following is not required in order to maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Selective mating
Genetic drift is due to ____________ rather than selection in the environment.
chance
A mutation that causes a change in a single nucleotide in DNA
changes the corresponding nucleotide in mRNA, resulting in a different codon.
T/F A mutation that changes a single nucleotide can result in a different amino acid being added into a protein.
True
