AP bio MULTIPLE CHOICE
If the experiment was continued for an additional 500 days, the population density of T. castaneum with the parasite would most likely stabilize at a value closest to which of the following?
10 beetles/culture dish
Which of the following questions is most relevant to understanding the Calvin cycle?
How is ATP used in the formation of 3-carbon carbohydrates?
A common laboratory investigation involves putting a solution of starch and glucose into a dialysis bag and suspending the bag in a beaker of water, as shown in the figure below. The investigation is aimed at understanding how molecular size affects movement through a membrane. Which of the following best represents the amount of starch, water, and glucose in the dialysis bag over the course of the investigation?
A
A researcher is investigating the relationship between the existing species diversity in a community and the ability of an introduced nonnative species to destabilize the community. Which of the following graphs is most consistent with the claim that communities with high diversity are more resistant to change than are communities with low diversity?
A
Data regarding the presence or absence of five derived traits in several different species are shown in the table below. Which of the following cladograms provides the simplest and most accurate representation of the data in the table?
A
The equation above shows one of the reversible reaction that occur in blood. After exercise, an athlete's blood pH has dropped below the normal level. How will normal blood pH be restored?
An increase in breathing rate will lead to a decrease in blood CO2 and H+ concentration.
The processes illustrated in the models depicted above all result in which of the following?
An increase in genetic variation
The vertebrate forelimb initially develops in the embryo as a solid mass of tissue. As development progresses, the solid mass near the end of the forelimb is remodeled into individual digits. Which of the following best explains the role of apoptosis in remodeling of the forelimb?
Apoptosis involves the regulated activation of proteins in specific cells of the developing forelimb that leads to the death of those cells.
A dog is following the scent of a jackrabbit. Which of the following accurately describes how the dog's brain integrates information for smell?
Chemoreceptor cells in the nasal cavity sends impulses to the appropriate area of the brain.
Thrips are insects that feed on rose pollen. Scientists noted that the thrips population increased in the spring and decreased dramatically during the summer. The researchers hypothesized that food abundance was the limiting factor for the population. Which of the following types of data would be most useful for the scientists to collect at regular intervals on a designated test plot of rose.
Density of rose pollen produced (g/m^2)
If ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited?
Passage of a solute against its concentration gradient
What most likely causes the trends in the oxygen concentration shown in the graph above?
Photosynthesis produces more oxygen than is consumed by respiration during the day.
In 1944, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty performed transformation experiments using live, harmless bacteria and extracts from virulent bacteria treated with various enzymes. Which of the following enzymes were used and why?
Proteases and RNases to rule out protein and RNA as the transforming factors.
Matings betwen individuals from the two populations of Rhagoletis produce hybrid flies that appear to be healthy and have normal life spans. The eggs laid by these hybrid flies, however, hatch less often than those of flies from either of the two populations. What isolating mechanism seems to be important in this hybrid population?
Reduced hybrid fertility
Under which of the following conditions is the observed number of beetles per culture dish the greatest?
T. Castaneum with parasite at 100 days
The data over the duration of the experiment provide the strongest support for which of the following conclusions regarding the effect of the parasite on tribolium populations?
T. castaneum is adversely affected by the parasite, while T. confusum is not.
Initially, which of the following isolating mechanisms is likely to have been the most important in preventing gene flow between the populations of Rhagoletis?
Temporal isolation
Rosalind Franklin's x-ray diffraction images taken in the 1950s most directly support which of the following claims about DNA?
The basic molecular structure is a helix.
A group of mice was released into a large field to which no other mice had access. Immediately after the release, a representative sample of the mice was captured, and the fur color of each individual in the sample was observed and recorded. The mice were then returned to the field/ After twenty years, another representative sample of the mice was captured, and the fur color of each individul in the sample was recorded. Which of the following best explains the change in the frequency distribution of fur color phenotypes in the mouse population, as shown in the figures above?
The field was composed primarily of light-colored soil and little vegetation, affording gray mice protection from predators.
In Figure I, the difference between the two curves can best be attributed to which of the following?
The natural variation among populations.
Undersea landslides can disrupt marine habitats by burying organisms that live on the ocean floor. The graph above shows the size of a population of a certain organism that lives on the ocean floor. the population was affected by a recent landslide at the time indicated on the graph. Which of the following best predicts how the population will be affected by the landslide?
The reduced population will likely have allelic frequencies that are different from the initial population.,
Beaked whales feed at various depths, but they defecate at the ocean's surface. Nitrogen-rich whale feces deposited in surface waters supply nutrients for algae that are eaten by surface dwelling fish. Which of the following best predicts what would happen if the whale population decreased?
The surface fish populations would decline due to reduced populations of algae.
The divergence between the two populations of Rhagoletis must have occurred very rapidly because
the apple tree was imported into North America with European settlement approximately 200 years ago