AP Biology Macromolecules ( Nucleic Acid)

Which of the following molecules is a purine type of nitrogenous base? a. 13 b. 3 c. 5 d. 12 e. 2

a. 13

If a DNA sample were composed of 10% thymine, what would be the percentage of guanine? a. 40 b. 20 c. 10 d. 80 e. impossible to tell from the information given

a. 40

How will brief heating (to 95°C) affect macromolecular structures in aqueous solution? a. DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature). b. Proteins will unfold (denature). c. DNA duplexes will unwind and separate. d. Proteins will hydrolyze into amino acids. e. Starch will hydrolyze into monomeric sugars.

a. DNA duplexes will unwind and separate, and proteins will unfold (denature).

Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA? a. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. b. DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not; the bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not; and DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. c. DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. d. The bases in DNA form base-paired duplexes, whereas the bases in RNA do not. e)DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not.

a. DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides.

Refer to the illustration above. Which graph illustrates a reaction during which energy is released? a. Graph A b. Graph B c. Both graphs, because all chemical reactions release energy d. None of the above

a. Graph A

Refer to the illustration above. Which graph illustrates what happens during an energy-releasing reaction? a. Graph A b. Graph B c. Both graphs; they each show a different stage of an energy releasing reaction d. None of the above

a. Graph A

All matter is composed of a. atoms. c. molecules. b. cells. d. carbon.

a. atoms.

Hydrogen ions, H+, react with hydroxide ions, OH-, to form a. water. c. an acid. b. a base. d. None of the above

a. water.

Which of the following molecules is the pentose sugar found in RNA? a. 13 b. 12 c. 1 d. 4 e. 6

b. 12

A molecule that has a partial positive charge on one side and a partial negative charge on the other side is called a a. nonpolar molecule. c. charged molecule. b. polar molecule. d. bipolar molecule.

b. polar molecule.

The structure depicted in Figure 5.7 shows the a. 1-4 linkage of the α glucose monomers of starch. b. α helix secondary structure of a polypeptide. c. double-helical structure of a DNA molecule. d. β pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide. e. 1-4 linkage of the β glucose monomers of cellulose.

b. α helix secondary structure of a polypeptide.

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides? a. a nitrogenous base and a pentose sugar b. a pentose sugar and a purine or pyrimidine c. a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar d. a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group e. a phosphate group and an adenine or uracil

c. a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the purine type? a. adenine and thymine b. cytosine and guanine c. guanine and adenine d. uracil and cytosine e. thymine and uracil

c. guanine and adenine

Which of the following is not a monomer/polymer pairing? a. monosaccharide/polysaccharide b. deoxyribonucleotide/DNA c. triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer d. amino acid/protein e. ribonucleotide/RNA

c. triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer

Which of the following molecules could be joined together by a phosphodiester type of covalent bond? a. 6 and 15 b. 3 and 8 c. 3 and 4 d. 11 and 12 e. 11 and 13

d. 11 and 12

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3', the other complementary strand would have the sequence a. 5'UGCAAU3'. b. 3'UAACGU5'. c. 5'TAACGT3'. d. 5'TGCAAT3'. e. 5'UAACGU3'.

d. 5'TGCAAT3'.

Which of the following are nitrogenous bases of the pyrimidine type? a. ribose and deoxyribose b. thymine and guanine c. adenine and thymine d. cytosine and uracil e. guanine and adenine

d. cytosine and uracil

Which of the following is not a polymer? a. cellulose b. DNA c. starch d. glucose e. chitin

d. glucose

Acidic solutions have a pH that is a. between 7 and 14. c. more than 7. b. a negative number. d. less than 7.

d. less than 7.

Which of the following combinations could be linked together to form a nucleotide? a. 12, 14, and 15 b. 1, 2, and 11 c. 3, 7, and 8 d. 5, 9, and 10 e. 11, 12, and 13

e. 11, 12, and 13

DNAase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the covalent bonds that join nucleotides together. What would first happen to DNA molecules treated with DNAase? a. All bases would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. b. The pyrimidines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. c. The two strands of the double helix would separate. d. The purines would be separated from the deoxyribose sugars. e. The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars would be broken.

e. The phosphodiester bonds between deoxyribose sugars would be broken.

If cells are grown in a medium containing radioactive 32P-labeled phosphate, which of these molecules will be labeled? a. phospholipids b. nucleic acids c. amylose d. proteins e. both phospholipids and nucleic acids

e. both phospholipids and nucleic acids