AP Euro Chapter 19

Concordat

1801 agreement between Napoleon's France and Pope Pius VII that declared Catholicism "the religion of the great majority of French citizens" and established the right of the French state to nominate bishops; the clergy also had to swear oath of loyalty to the French State.

Battle of Trafalgar

1805 naval battle between Britain and France which ended any French hopes of invading Britain.

e. Jean Racine

All of the following were figures of Romanticism EXCEPT: a. William Blake b. Goethe c. Schlegel d. Coleridge e. Racine

Holy Alliance

Alliance of Russia, Austria, and Prussia whereby the monarchs promised to act together in accordance with Christian principles; soon became a symbol of extreme political reaction

Battle of Waterloo

Battle in Belgium in June 1815 that saw Napoleon's forces defeated and Napoleon exiled for a second time.

b. his being recognized as king of Italy

Bonaparte's 1805 military victory at Austerlitz resulted in:

Methodism

Christian religion founded by John Wesley and that stressed inward, heartfelt religion and an enthusiastic, emotional Christian experience.

Congress of Vienna

Conference held in Austria from 1814-1815 to decide the fate of post-war Europe; victors agreed that no single state should be allowed to dominate Europe; restored the French Bourbon monarchy as well as the other monarchies that had been dethroned by Napoleon, strengthened states around France's borders

e. rural life

Constable and other Romantics tended to idealize:

Constable

English Romantic painter of Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows

Friedrich Hegel

German philosopher of history who argued that ideas develop in an evolutionary fashion that involves conflict between thesis and the antithesis which emerge as the synthesis.

Immanuel Kant

German philosopher who argued that reason and sensory experience are not enough to explain the world, subjective character of the human mind and the imagination were just as critical as reason

Romantic Movement

Intellectual movement that was a reaction against much of the thought of the Enlightenment, saw reason as a inadequate means of explaining the world; the movement urged a revival of Christianity, and an appreciation of the art, literature, and architecture of the medieval times.

b. Methodist movement

John Wesley was the leader of the:

Napoleon Bonaparte

Man who had been radical during early French Revolution, victorious commander in Italy, a supporter of the Thermidorian Reaction, and eventually emperor of France

Scorched-Earth

Military policy used by Russia in its war against France, in which it destroyed all of its own food and supplies as it retreated so that the enemy army could not live off the land

b. A coup d' etat

Napoleon Bonaparte gained power in France through:

b. she was unable to bear him a child

Napoleon divorced his wife, Empress Josephine, because:

b. Est. Roman Catholicism as the only legit religion of France

Napoleon's Concordat with the Catholic Church accomplished all of the following EXCEPT: a. declared catholicism the religion of the majority of French citizens b. Est. Roman Catholicism as the only legit religion of France c. Gave French state the right to name bishops d. Required refractory clergy to resign e. Required clergy to swear an oath of loyalty to the state

Napoleonic Code

Napoleon's effort to reform and codify French law; stated that all forms of property were to be protected and that all privileges based on birth were to remain abolished.

Continental System

Napoleon's plan to cut off all British trade with the European continent and thus to cripple British commercial and financial power.

Constitution of the Year VIII

New French Constitution issued in December 1799 that established new form of government known as Consulate; effectively gave all power to Napoleon

Guerilla

New kind of warfare that Napoleon faced in Spain in which bands of fighters cut lines of communication, killed stragglers, destroyed isolated units and then disappeared into the mountains

The Hundred Days

Period of Napoleon's return to power after being exiled to island of Elba

Sublime

Romantic term for subjects from nature that aroused strong emotions such as fear, dread, awe and raise questions about whether and how much control our lives.

a. the intellect

Romantics placed a premium of importance on:

d. Cutting off all British trade with the Continent

The Continent Napoleon's Continental System aimed at:

b. Kant

The Critique of Pure Reason was written by:

e. Italy

The Quadruple Alliance included all of the follwing EXCEPT: a. Britain b. Austria c. Russia d. Prussia e. Italy

c. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

The famous German Romantic figure who authored Faust:

d. Methodism

Which of the following religions developed in Europe during the Romantic era?

a. He gave them orders and expected them to be carried out

Which statement best describes Napoleon's treatment of the relatives he placed in control of European kingdoms:

d. Primogeniture was established

With the Napoleonic Code of 1804, all of the following were true under French law EXCEPT: a. rights of employers were greater than rights of workers b. property rights were safeguarded c. Fathers had extensive control over their families d. Primogeniture was established e. Labor unions were forbidden