AP Euro - Chapter 24

In the Russo-Japanese War, what land did the Japanese seek?

Manchuria

What were the three contending forces in Freud's theory?

The id, the ego, and the superego

The Pan-German League advocated

anti-liberal policies including the development of a global German colonial empire to unite all classes of citizens at home.

Social Darwinism was

applying the ideas of Darwin to society.

In his encyclical De Rerum Novarum (1891), Pope Leo XIII

asserted that much in socialism was Christian in principle.

Friedrich Nietzsche

believed that Christianity had deeply undermined the creative power of western civilization.

According to Sigmund Freud, behavior was

determined by one's unconscious and by inner drives of which people were generally unaware.

The Bismarckian System had the ultimate result of

dividing Europe into two opposing groups of nations making war more likely.

The decline of the Ottoman Empire

led to Austrian-Serbian rivalry.

Among the notable achievements of the British Liberals under Lloyd George was

passage of the National Insurance Act of 1911 providing sickness and unemployment benefits to workers.

The higher criticism of the Bible championed by the French Catholic scholar Ernst Renan

questioned the historical accuracy of the Bible and denied the divinity of Jesus.

The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the

subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world.

The first professional occupation to be opened up to women was

teaching.

The best example of naturalistic literature can be found in the novels of

Emile Zola.

Which of the following was not a pioneer in the field of nursing?

Emmeline Pankhurst

Which of the following philosophers advocated violence, if necessary, as a means of achieving socialism?

Georges Sorel

Who was responsible for the theory of relativity?

Einstein

Who was considered to be the most important post-impressionist?

Paul Cezanne

The urbanization of Europe brought religion under attack from all of the following except

Pius IX' Syllabus of Errors.

The Boer War was fought by the British in

South Africa.

Which of the following art movements was not prominent in the three decades prior to World War I?

Surrealism

What piece of land Serbia and Austria fight over?

The Balkans

What was the name of Freud's best work that delved into psychoanalysis?

The Interpretation of Dreams

Explaining his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters, Emile Zola said

"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."

By 1890, the richest 9 percent of Americans owned ____ of the wealth

71 percent

Dostoevsky, author of Crime and Punishment,

Believed that the major problem of his age was the loss of spiritual belief

What was the revolt in China called that involved the Society of the Harmonious Fists rising against European occupation?

Boxer Rebellion

What group was responsible for subjugating much of India?

British East India Trading Company

in general, by the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in

Eastern Europe.

With symbolism, poetry

Ceased to be a part of popular culture

British policy in South Africa was largely determined by

Cecil Rhodes

The "open door" policy was to allow more freedom of trade in so-called spheres of influence in

China.

During the Progressive era in the United States, all of the following reforms were adopted except

Civil Rights Acts.

Pissaro's suggestions were most visibly portrayed in the works of

Claude Monet

What was the art style started by Picasso that used geometric designs as visual stimuli?

Cubism

New nationalistic spirit was seen in the works of composer

Edvard Grieg

The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semitism in France in the late nineteenth century was the

Dreyfus affair.

The Triple Alliance before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Germany, Austria, Italy

The Triple Entente before 1914 included which of the following countries?

Great Britain, France, Russia

Which philosopher accepted rational, scientific thought as a practical instrument for providing useful knowledge but could never arrive at the truth?

Henri Bergson

In order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program, David Lloyd George radically curtailed the power of the

House of Lords.

Tolstoy's War and Peace

Imposed a fatalistic view of history that ultimately proved irrelevant

Pissarro's statement that "It is the brush stroke with the right value and color which should produce the drawing....Don't proceed with rules and principles, but paint what you observe and feel" refers to which school of painting?

Impressionism.

What group led to Indian independence?

Indian National Congress

With whom did realist literature reach its high point?

Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoevsky

Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part due to the experimental work of

Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation.

The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated

Newton's rational, mechanical conception of the universe.

Symbolism's believed in an

Objective knowledgeable of the world

Who said, "All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the elections."

Otto von Bismarck

The Nationalist Association for Victory

Preached Bernhardi's doctrine that "war was the father of all things"

What type of economic policy did Georges Sorel advocate for?

Revolutionary socialism

The primary antagonists in the Balkans region were

Serbs and Austrians.

Symbolizes believed that art

Should function for its own sake instead of serving to criticize

The Meiji Restoration in Japan

Two answers: b) created a political system democratic in form but rigidly authoritarian in practice, and d) sent many Japanese abroad to be educated in the ways of the west and adopted many western reforms in political and military organization.

The concept of the volk

Was led h chief propagandist Houston Stewart Chamberlain, who wrote a book on the Aryan race

Just prior to World War I, the European intellectual community was marked by

a sense of confusion and anxiety.

Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement,

advocated the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine.

At its premier, Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring, now considered as a classic example of modernism in music and ballet,

caused a riot by the audience because of its sharp dissonance and blatant sensuality.

Britain's Fabian Socialists

favored evolution toward a socialist state by democratic means.

Using Darwin's terminology, Herbert Spencer argued that

human societies were organism evolving through time by struggling with their environments.

The greatest difference between naturalism and realism in literature was

in general, naturalism was more pessimistic than realism.

British rule brought all of the following to India in the late nineteenth century except

political democracy.

Maria Montessori exemplifies the "new woman" of modern times in that

she obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development.

Russia's disastrous defeat in the Russo-Japanese war indirectly led to

the Revolution of 1905.

The response of religious institutions to the challenges of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries included all of the following except

the Women's Social and Political Union.

The basis of the Bismarckian System was

the isolation of France through a series of military alliances.

Modernism in music included all of the following elements except

the exclusive use of extremely regular rhythms.

Growing tensions in modern German society were exemplified by

the proliferation of ultra-nationalist right-wing political groups with anti-Semitic, racist, and imperialist beliefs.

According to Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the Aryans were

the real creators of western culture.

Which of the following was not an argument to justify imperialism at the turn of the century?

to lessen the burden of excess European population, especially criminals and other "undesirables"

To advance the cause of women's suffrage, the Women's Social and Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters

took a radical, public, and well publicized approach to the movement, employing different media and provocative public actions, like pelting male politicians with eggs.

During the nineteenth century, Jews

were emancipated in most countries, but still faced restrictions