AP Euro Chapter 7-9
In the years between 1600 and 1750, the cities that grew most vigorously were ________.
capitals and ports
The bourgeoisie was the ________ class.
urban middle
On the continent, the Old Regime was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:
powerful representative assemblies.
The steam engine was revolutionary because it _________.
provided a virtually unlimited source of power
An expanding, literate public and the growing influence of secular printed materials created a new and increasingly influential social force called ________.
public opinion
French nobles were divided between nobles "of the sword" and nobles "of the ________."
robe
The war over the Austrian succession and the British-Spanish commercial conflict might have remained separate disputes; what united them was the ________.
role of France
The ________ of the West Indies and Brazil became the major center for black slavery in the mid-sixteenth century.
sugar plantations
Which of the following factors allowed European nations to exert influence and dominance over much of the world?
technological superiority
What industry pioneered the Industrial Revolution?
textiles
The philosophy of John Locke contributed to the rhetoric surrounding which war?
the American Revolution
A vast increase in the number of Africans brought as slaves to the Americas occurred during the eighteenth century, with most arriving in ________.
the Caribbean or Brazil
In which of these would you be most likely to encounter small, nuclear households?
the Netherlands
The heart of the eighteenth-century colonial rivalry in the Americas lay in ________.
the West Indies
The two major points in the deists' creed were ________.
the belief in an afterlife dependent upon one's earthly actions and the existence of a rational God
Colonial trade in the transatlantic world roughly followed a ________.
triangle
The change that rationalized the use of land and created higher productivity was the ________.
Agricultural Revolution
The Industrial Revolution came first to ________.
Britain
Which philosophe is credited with a profound effect on the constitutional form of liberal democracies for more than two centuries?
Charles de Montesquieu
The most important political thought of the Enlightenment occurred in ________.
France
How did Voltaire come to admire English culture?
He lived in exile in England.
Which of the following styles of art embodies a return to figurative and architectural modes drawn from the Renaissance and the ancient world?
Neoclassicism
Which of the following styles of art utilizes lavish, often lighthearted decoration with an emphasis on pastel colors and the play of light?
Rococo
Europe's balance of power was upset when Prussia's King Frederick II seized the Austrian province of ________.
Silesia
As a result of a scarcity of labor, which of the following nations were the first to quickly turn to importing African slaves?
Spain and Portugal
Which of the following was a major goal of the work as reflected in this excerpt?
The encouragement of skepticism toward all human knowledge.
The author's statement that....there is no liberty if the judicial power is not separated from the legislative and executive describes which of the following ideas?
The powers of government should be divided between its main branches.
The argument made in the excerpt suggested that
Women are just as capable as men of rational thought and intellectual pursuits.
The term "Old Regime" has come to refer to the ________.
social, political, and economic relationships in Europe just prior to the French Revolution
In eighteenth-century Europe, the nobility consisted of approximately ________ of the population.
1 to 5%
________, who embodied enlightened absolutism more than any other monarch, forged a state that commanded the loyalty of the military, the Junker nobility, the Lutheran clergy, and a growing bureaucracy.
Frederick the Great
What inventor became famous for using an iron plow and planting wheat with a drill?
Jethro Tull
Written by Voltaire in English and later translated to French, ________ praised the virtues of the English, especially their religious liberty, and implicitly criticized the abuses of French society.
Letters on the English
What was the outcome of the 1783 Treaty of Paris?
The treaty granted independence to the American colonies.
How were Jewish children singled out for persecution?
They could be taken from their homes and given Christian instruction.
How did the North American colonies impact the Industrial Revolution?
They increased demand for consumer goods.
The first engine using steam power was invented by ________.
Thomas Newcomen
Which of the following was a clearly defined long-term result of the shift in female employment?
Women's work became associated with the home rather than with places where men worked.
Who made up the largest audience for the work of the philosophes?
commercial and professional
For eighteenth-century Europeans rights were usually ________ rights.
community
Landlords considered Russian serfs to be ________.
economic commodities
The Enlightenment was the movement that________.
held that change and reform were both desirable through the application of reason and science
In the 1700s, the middle classes were distinguished from the nobility by _________.
inherited privilege
The economic basis of eighteenth-century life was ________.
land
The painting Robert Andrews and His Wife illustrates what traditional linkage of the Old Regime?
land and nobility
What early modern economic system does Smith oppose in this passage?
mercantilism
What were the two dominant models of European political development in the early modern period?
parliamentary monarchy and political absolutism
What conditions in Africa facilitated the capture and forced transport of African slave labor?
political unrest and inter-tribal warfare
Introduced from the New World, what new product allowed a more certain food supply in Europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own?
potato
