AP Euro Final
(24) Inquiry into the disintegrative processes within atoms became a central theme in the new physics in part to the experimental work of
Marie and Pierre Curie on radium and radiation
(23) Which of the following was a major development in British policies before 1914?
The continual growth of political democracy?
(21) London's police were called "bobbies" because
The legislation to create them was introduced by Robert Peel.
(23) Which of the following statements best applies to Austria-Hungary before World War I?
The nationality problem remained unresolved
(21) The writer who argued that historical events were largely determined by the deeds of Romantic heroes who transformed society was
Thomas Carlyle
(21) The revolution of 1848 in France ultimately resulted in
a new French empire under Louis Napoleon
(21) Following the death of Alexander I in 1825, Russian society under Nicholas I became
a police state
(23) Elizabeth Poole Sanford argued that women should
avoid being self-sufficient.
(21) Louis Blanc's "national workshops" in France
became a little more than unemployment compensation through public works projects
(21) Klemens von Metternich
believed European monarchs shared the common interest of stability
(23) All of the following were used to limit family size in the late 19th century except
birth control pills
(21) The Congress of Vienna's treatment of Poland
demonstrates the application of the principle of legitimacy
(20) The Luddites
destroyed industrial machines that destroyed their livelihood.
(23) Which one of the following was NOT a part of the emergence of the late 19th century mass society?
diminishment of the conditions of the lower classes
(24) The Bismarckian System had the ultimate result of
dividing Europe into two opposing groups of nations, making war more likely
(24) In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the seat of reason . is the
ego
(23) What type of new energy source powered the Second Industrial Revolution?
electricity
(24) Pope Leo XIII responded to modern ideas in all of the following ways EXCEPT
embracing Marxist socialism
(23) Octavia Hill's housing venture was designed to
give the poor an environment they could use to improve themselves
(20) One of the differences between British and Continental industrialization was that
government played a bigger role in Continental industrialization
(24) Which of the following Progressive-era laws went into effect during Wilson's tenure as president in the US?
graduated federal income tax
(21) After the Congress of Vienna, Italy
had been divided into 9 states, subject to the domination of other European powers
(20) The development of the railroads in the Industrial Revolution was important in
increasing British supremacy in civil and mechanical engineering
(23) In a cartel
independent enterprises worked together to control prices and fix production quotas
(20) The infrastructure advantages in Britain promoting rapid industrialization included all of the following EXCEPT
internal custom posts
(24) Friedrich Nietzche glorified
irrationality
(21) Which of the following were major themes/subjects of Romantic artists?
landscapes and depictions of nature
(24) In Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899), Houston Stewart Chamberlain predicted that Germany was destined to
lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe
(24) The October Manifesto in Nicholas II
led to the creation a legislative assembly known as the Duma
(23) Thomas Cook was a pioneer in
mass tourism
(21) Neo-Gothic buildings exhibited the nineteenth century revival of
medieval architecture
(23) Initially, trade unions in the first half of the 19th century functioned primarily as
mutual aid societies
(24) According to relativity theory
neither time nor space is absolute but relative to the observer
(20) The rise of the industrial factory system deeply affected the lives and status of workers who now
no longer owned the means of economic production and could only sell their labor for a wage
(20) Friedrich List showed how Germany could catch up with British industry by
protecting infant industries with high tariffs
(20) The Englishman Henry Cort was responsible for the the process in iron smelting known as
puddling
(21) The Romantic movement can be viewed as
reaction against the Enlightenment's preoccupation with reason
(21) At its most elementary Burkean level, conservatism
sought to preserve the achievements of previous generations by subordinating individual rights to communal welfare.
(23) The Second Industrial Revolution saw the advent of what new product?
steel
(23) European middle-class families during the late 19th century
stressed functional knowledge for their children to prepare them for their future roles
(24) The quantum theory of energy developed by Max Planck raised fundamental questions about the
subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world
(24) The first professional occupation to be opened up to women was .
teaching
(20) Demographic changes that resulted from industrialization saw
the new middle class move to the suburbs of cities to escape the urban poor
(20) The new social class of industrial workers in the early Industrial Revolution
worked under dangerous conditions for long hours
(20) Which of the following statements best applies to urban life in the early 19th century?
Filthy sanitary conditions were exacerbated by the city authorities' slow response to take responsibility for public health
(21) Professional civilian police forces known as serjents first appeared in 1829 in
France
(23) Louis Napoleon's Second Empire was brought to an end by
France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War
(24) The author whose work emphasizes suffering and faith . as the means for the human soul to be purified was
Fyodor Dostoevsky
(23) The leading industrial power in Europe after 1870 was
Germany
(23) The state with the most successful socialist party in the late nineteenth and early 20th century was
Germany
(24) The best example of Naturalism in literature can be found in the novels of
Emile Zola
(24) Camille Pissarro was one of the founders of
Impressionism
(24) The Boer War was fought by the British in
South Africa
(23) By 1900, which of the following nations was the least advanced industrially?
Spain
(24) Which revolutionary leader helped overthrow the Manchu dynasty of China in 1912?
Sun Yat-sen
(24) Which of the following art movements was NOT prominent in the three decades prior to WWI?
Surrealism
(20) In the early 19th century, much of India fell under the control of
The British East India Company
(21) The Reform Bill of 1832 in Britain primarily benefited the
upper middle-class
(23) The trade union movement prior to WWI
varied from country to country
(23) Early anarchists believed all of the following EXCEPT
violence was the best means of achieving true freedom
(21) David Ricardo's iron law of wages stated that
wages would fall when the population of workers increased
(20) Urbanization in the first half of the 19th century
was a phenomenon directly tied to industrialization
(20) Which of the following inventions proved vital to the industrialization of British cotton manufacturing?
All of these are correct
(23) Emigration from Europe was spurred by
All of these are correct
(24) The pioneer in nursing who founded the Female Association of the Care of the Poor and Sick was
Amalie Sieveking
(21) Romanticism in art and music was well characterized by
Beethoven, whose compositions bridged the gap between Classicism and Romanticism
(20) The Industrial Revolution on the Continent occurred between 1815-1850 in
Belgium
(21) The most successful nationalistic European revolution in 1830 was in
Belgium
(20) The first Continental nations to completely establish a comprehensive railroad system were
Belgium and Germany
(24) The artist whose work garnered the highest price at the first Impressionist auction was
Berthe Morisot
(23) Which of the following statements best applies to Spain and Italy in the late nineteenth century?
Both countries remained second-rate European powers, less transformed by the economic and cultural innovations of the age
(21) The most important factor in preventing the European overthrow of the newly independent nations of Latin America was
British naval power
(23) By 1900, in which one of the following countries had full literacy had not been achieved?
Bulgaria
(21) The growing forces of liberalism and nationalism in central Europe were exemplified by the
Burschenschaften, the student societies of Germany
(20) The 19th century novelist who described the coal towns as a place "where the struggling vegetation sickened and sank under the hot breath of kiln and furnance" was
Charles Dickens
(21) The American romantic author of the Fall of the House of Usher was
Edgar Allan Poe
(24) The event which exemplified renewed anti-Semitism in France in the late nineteenth century was the
Dreyfus affair
(24) The Triple Alliance before 1914 included
Germany, Austria, Italy
(24) The Triple Entente before 1914 included
Great Britain, France, Russia
(24) In order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program, David Lloyd George radically curtailled the power of the
House of Lords
(23) Charles Parnell, the leader of the Irish representatives in Parliament, called for
Irish self-government through a separate parliament but not complete independence
(23) The light bulb was invented independently by Thomas Edison and
Joseph Swan
(21) The leader of the Congress of Vienna was
Klemens von Metternich
(23) Henry Ford revolutionized the car industry with the mass production of the
Model T
(21) By 1824, which one of the following Latin American states had not become independent?
Panama
(20) Britain's emergence as the first industrial power was aided by all of the following EXCEPT
Parliament's heavy and controlling involvement in private enterprise
(20) The water frame spinning machine was invented by
Richard Arkwright
(20) By 1850, all of the following countries were close to Britain in industrial output EXCEPT
Russia
(21) The Polish national uprising of 1830 was crushed by
Russia
(24) In general, by the late 19th century, the worst treatment of the Jews occurred in
Russia
(20) Which one of the following men established the first textile factory using water-powered spinning machines in Rhode Island in 1790?
Samuel Slater
(24) The primary antagonists in the Balkans region were
Serbs and Austrians
(21) The man long regarded as the George Washington of Latin America is
Simon Bolivar
(21) The Romantic artist whose paintings were described as "airy visions, painted with tinted steam" was
Turner
(23) The Liberal political leader who introduced two home rule bills was
William Gladstone
(21) Religion in the age of Romanticism experienced
a Catholic revival, especially in Germany
(20) James Watt was vital to the Industrial Revolution for his invention of
a rotary engine that could spin and weave cotton
(23) Reforms in urban living included all of the following EXCEPT
a successful effort to clean up all polluted rivers and lakes
(20) Edwin Chadwick
advocated modern sanitary reforms that resulted in Britain's first Public Health Act
(24) Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement
advocated the creation of the Jewish state in Palestine
(21) Central to the liberal ideology in the 19th century was
an emphasis on individual freedom
(24) The Pan German League advocated
anti liberal policies including the development of a global German colonial empire to unite all classes of citizens at home
(24) At its premiere, Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring, now considered as a classic example of modernism in music and ballet,
caused a riot by the audience because of its sharp dissonance and blatant sensuality
(20) Steam engines were powered by
coal
(20) The success of the steam engine in the Industrial Revolution made Britain dependent upon
coal
(21) In his Reflections on the Revolution in France, Edmund Burke
condemned the radical republican and democratic ideas of the French Revolution
(21) King Louis-Philippe in France
cooperated with Francois Guizot and the Party of Resistance against the Party of Movement
(20) The first step toward the Industrial Revolution in Britain occurred within its
cotton textile industry
(21) The Congress of Vienna
created policies that would maintain the European balance of power
(21) During its period of dominance in the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Britain's Tory government
enacted policies that sparked mass protests, included the Peterloo Massacre of 1819
(20) The Industrial Revolution In Britain was largely inspired by
entrepreneurs who sought and accepted the new profitable manufacturing methods
(20) The Industrial Revolution's effect on the standard of living
especially benefitted the middle classes
(20) The English Poor Law Act of 1834
established workhouses where jobless poor people were forced to live.
(20) Efforts at industrial reform in the 1830s and 1840s in Great Britain achieved all of the following EXCEPT the
establishment of a national system of trade unions by 1847
(21) Mazzini's risorgimento
failed due to the opposition of the French, the Austrians, and the pope
(21) In 1848, the Frankfurt Assembly
failed in its attempt to create a united Germany
(21) Giuseppe Mazzini's nationalist organization, Young Italy,
failed to achieve his goal of "resurgence" by 1849
(24) Britain's Fabian Socialists
favored evolution toward a socialist state by democratic means
(23) The English Reform Act of 1884
gave English agricultural workers the right to vote
(23) A rise in female prostitution in European cities during the later 19th century can best be attributed to
heavy migration to cities by country women and their increasingly desperate struggle for urban economic survival
(23) During the Second Industrial Revolution, working-class organizations emphasized the gender role of women as
housewives
(21) The English Poor Law of 1834 was based on the theory that
if conditions of provision for state welfare were intentionally made miserable, then the poor would be encouraged to find profitable employment
(20) Britain's Great Exhibition of 1851 was held
in the newly build Crystal Palace
(20) During the second half of the 18th century, the import of raw cotton into Britain
increased dramatically
(24) Among the notable achievements of the British Liberals under Lloyd George was
passage of the National Insurance Act of 1911 providing sickness and unemployment benefits to workers
(23) Under the chancellorship of Bismarck, Germany
passed social welfare legislation to woo workers away from Social Democrats
(23) The largest segment of European society in the 19th century was composed of
peasant landholders, unskilled day laborers, and . domestic servants
(24) Marie Curie won 2 Noble prizes for her achievements in
physics and chemistry
(21) The most important form of literary expression for the Romantics was
poetry
(24) The symbolists were primarily associated with which of the following types of writing?
poetry
(24) British rule brought all of the following to India in the late 19th century except
political democracy
(23) A new development in the age of mass leisure was
professional sports
(20) To keep their industrial monopoly, Britain attempted to
prohibit industrial artisans from going abroad
(20) The so-called American System
reduced costs and revolutionized production through labor-saving innovations in manufacturing.
(21) The July Ordinances of Charles X in 1830
reduced the French electorate and imposed rigid censorship of the press
(20) The new set of values established factory owners during the Industrial Revolution
relegated the worker to a life of harsh discipline and the rigors of competitive wage labor
(20) A frequent method employed to make the many very young boys and girls working in new British industries obey
repeated beatings
(24) In Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, the process that drives unwanted thoughts into the unconscious is known as
repression
(20) One of the Chief reasons by Europe initially lagged behind England in industrialization was a lack of
roads and means of transportation
(24) The Meiji Restoration in Japan
sent many Japanese abroad to be educated in the ways of the west and adopted many western reforms in political and military organization
(24) Maria Montessori exemplifies the "new woman" of modern times in that
she obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development
(23) Eduard Berenstein, in his book Evolutionary Socialism, claimed that
socialism could best be achieved through the democratic process
(24) Germany entered the ranks of the imperialist powers by establishing African colonies including
the Cameroons
(20) The early center of American industrialization was
the Northeast
(24) Social Darwinism was
the application of the principle of organic evolution to the social order
(21) Regular police forces and prison reform were geared toward
the creation of more disciplined and law-abiding societies
(23) An issue that brought socialists together in the 19th century was
the desire to improve working and living conditions for the most workers
(23) Which of the following did NOT account for the increasing population in Europe between 1850-1880?
the eradication of polio
(24) Modernism in music included all of the following elements EXCEPT
the exclusive use of extremely regular rhythms
(20) In 1804, RIchard Trevithick pioneered
the first steam-powered locomotive on an industrial rail line
(21) The foremost social group embracing liberalism was made up by
the industrial middle class
(24) The basis of the Bismarckian System was
the isolation of France through a series of military alliances
(24) Growing tensions in modern German society were exemplified by
the proliferation of ultra-nationalist right-wing political groups with anti-Semitic, racist, and imperialist beliefs
(21) All of the following were characteristics of Romanticism EXCEPT
the rejection of the supernatural and unfamiliar
(21) Metternich's "principle of legitimacy" refers to
the restoration of legitimate monarchs who would preserve traditional institutions
(23) "Sweating" jobs for women involved
the subcontracting of piecework, usually in the tailoring trades
(20) Compared to Britain, American industrialization was a capital-intensive endeavor because
there was a larger pool of unskilled laborers in the US
(24) Which of the following was NOT an argument to justify imperialism at the turn of the century?
to lessen the burden of excess European population, especially criminals and other "undesirables"
(24) To advance the cause of women's suffrage, the Women's Social and Political Union founded by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters
took a radical, public, and well publicized approach to the movement, employing different media and provocative public actions, like pelting male politicians with eggs.
(20) The European population explosion of the 19th century
was largely attributable to the disappearance of famine from western Europe
(21) The growing movement of nationalism in nineteenth-century Europe
was radical since it encouraged people to shift their political loyalty away from existing states and rulers
(20) Britain's cotton industry in the late eighteenth century
was responsible for the creation of the first modern factories
(24) During the 19th century, Jews
were emancipated in most countries, but still faced restrictions
(23) By 1900, most European educational systems
were free and compulsory at least at the primary level.
(23) Splits between the French Working and middle classes
were further widened by the brutal suppression of the Paris Commune in 1871
(20) Members of the new industrial entrepreneurial class in the early 19th century
were usually resourceful individuals with diverse social backgrounds