AP European History 1450-1648

Which of the following best describes Germany in the late Middle Ages?

A disunited country

Jacques Benigne Bossuet 1678 This form of government would have been likely to exist in the seventeenth century in a state where:

A large majority of the population was catholic

Alvise de Ca da Mosto Venetian merchant describing the Portuguese Island of arguim off the west coast of Africa 1454 The long term economic effect in Europe of the establishment of trading networks and colonies such as the one described in the passage was:

A shift in the center of economic power from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic states

Cromwell Abolishes the English Monarchy Opponents of the values that characterized the beliefs of Cromwell might well have supported what type of government?

Absolutism

This homily read from a pulpit in Elizabethan England was primarily an attempt to convince people to:

Accept social hierarchy

Jacques Benigne Bossuet 1678 Which of the following artistic movements would have been used by Louis XIV and other prominent monarchs and church officials at the time to glorify the states power?

Baroque

"Neither man nor woman was heeded, but all who could be found were put to the sword, including many who were in no way to blame." Jean Froissart , Chronicles 14 th century- England and France fought the Hundred Years War because each felt the other threatened their security and:

Blocked its rightful political and territorial ambitions

What mostly influenced the development of the Zwinglian Reformation?

Christian Humanism

Excerpt from Malleus Maleficarum Dominicans Heinrich Kramer and Jacob sprenger Which of the following with the church also regulated public morals ?

City Governments

The Church of England as initially established by Henry VIII in 1536 was:

Closely tied to traditional catholic practices

" You shall have the power to degenerate into the lower forms of life , which Are brutish. You shall have the power, out of your souls judgement to be reborn into the higher forms , which are divine ." - Pico Della Mirandola , 15 th century Italian nobleman The main goal of humanist education was to :

Create scholars who valued a life of learning and solitude

Alvise de Ca da Mosto Venetian merchant describing the Portuguese Island of arguim off the west coast of Africa 1454 Other European states reacted to the Portuguese establishment of a trading post empire by:

Developing rival colonies and overseas trading networks

Jacques Benigne Bossuet 1678 What philosophy of government is advocated in the passage?

Divine right monarchy

Thomas Aquinas sought to show that there was no conflict between:

Faith and reason

-Voltaire the ignorant philosopher from Candice or optimism The above quote can be seen as evidence of Voltaire's arguement:

For religious toleration and peace

All of the following factors was a reason for Charles V failure to build a centralized sovereign state in the Holy Roman Empire EXCEPT?

Frequent invasions by England

"Anno Domini 1618 a great comet appeared in November . To see the thing was terrible and strange and it moved me to change my disposition so that I started to write because I thought that it meant something big would occur as then really did happen anno domini 1619 Ferdinand becalmed the holy Roman emperor under whom a great persecution happened through war unrest and the spilling of the blood of Christians ...First he started a big war in Bohemia which he then oppressed and subjugated under his religion then almost the whole of Germany was conquered all of which I can hardly describe and explain." - Hans Heberle shoemaker in Ulm,Germany, personal chronicle in 1630 Based on the passage which of the following can be safely inferred about herberles religious affiliation?

He was NOT a Roman Catholic

" You shall have the power to degenerate into the lower forms of life , which Are brutish. You shall have the power, out of your souls judgement to be reborn into the higher forms , which are divine ." - Pico Della Mirandola , 15 th century Italian nobleman Which renaissance philosophy most closely supports this statement :

Hermeticism

" You shall have the power to degenerate into the lower forms of life , which Are brutish. You shall have the power, out of your souls judgement to be reborn into the higher forms , which are divine ." - Pico Della Mirandola , 15 th century Italian nobleman Renaissance humanists were primarily interested in the Roman politician Cicero because of :

His beautiful Latin prose

The works of art created by Renaissance artists:

Incorporated new techniques of chiaroscuro and linear perspective

Excerpt from Malleus Maleficarum Dominicans Heinrich Kramer and Jacob sprenger Based on the passage above and your knowledge which of the following groups would have been most oppressed to this interpretation?

Lower class women

-Conrad Celtis oration delivered at university of ingolstadt 1492 Celtis' discussion of Italian influence in the German lands is the most similar to which of the following ?

Martin Luther's criticisms of the Catholic Church in his 95 Theses

Descartes understanding of the human body as shown in the imag, is most similar to which of the following ?

Newton's notion of a mechanistic universe

" I travelled to Montpellier and associated with several Protestants who have close contacts with Spain in order to learn if they ship books to Spain or know any heretics there. In order to gather this information... I pretended to be a heretic myself and proposed to take some books , such as the works of John Calvin and Theodore Beza to Spain A bookseller and a merchant volunteered to bring the books secretly to Barcelona to the home of one of their friends who was as they said, of their faith. A thousand deceptions were necessary to gather this info. I learned the names of all Protestants from the merchant for he told me that they were of his religion . I am staying here... in the service of God and Your Majesty." - Report by an agent of the Spanish Inquisition to king Phillip 2 ,1566 Which of the following is best supported by the passage?

Owning and reading Protestant religious literature was illegal in Spain

How did cities ultimately benefit from the plague ?

People developed a taste for expensive urban goods

" I travelled to Montpellier and associated with several Protestants who have close contacts with Spain in order to learn if they ship books to Spain or know any heretics there. In order to gather this information... I pretended to be a heretic myself and proposed to take some books , such as the works of John Calvin and Theodore Beza to Spain A bookseller and a merchant volunteered to bring the books secretly to Barcelona to the home of one of their friends who was as they said, of their faith. A thousand deceptions were necessary to gather this info. I learned the names of all Protestants from the merchant for he told me that they were of his religion . I am staying here... in the service of God and Your Majesty." - Report by an agent of the Spanish Inquisition to king Phillip 2 ,1566 How did Phillip II religious policies illustrated in the passage compare to the policies pursued by other fifteenth and sixteenth century European monarchs?

Phillips policies controlling religious beliefs and practices were similar to the policies of the most other monarchs at the time.

Which of the following best explains the changes in wages for unskilled laborers indicates by the data in the table ?

Population growth in a relatively stagnant economy

" I travelled to Montpellier and associated with several Protestants who have close contacts with Spain in order to learn if they ship books to Spain or know any heretics there. In order to gather this information... I pretended to be a heretic myself and proposed to take some books , such as the works of John Calvin and Theodore Beza to Spain A bookseller and a merchant volunteered to bring the books secretly to Barcelona to the home of one of their friends who was as they said, of their faith. A thousand deceptions were necessary to gather this info. I learned the names of all Protestants from the merchant for he told me that they were of his religion . I am staying here... in the service of God and Your Majesty." - Report by an agent of the Spanish Inquisition to king Phillip 2 ,1566 The events described in the passage best illustrate which of the following aspects of the religious conflicts in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

Protestants made effective use of the increased availability of printing technology to spread their ideas

The Great Schism:

Resulted from the existence of two popes

Conrad Celtis oration delivered at university of ingolstadt 1492 Make an inference . Based on the following groups in the nineteenth century which would most likely have agreed with the sentiments in the passage ?

Romantic Nationalists

Which of the following was not that important in the development of ideas that went against traditional teaching ?

Scholasticism

Jacques Benigne Bossuet 1678 Peter the Great accomplished all of the following EXCEPT:

Sealing an agreement to share power with the boyars

Among the social and economic consequences of the plague was a :

Shrunken labor supply

Excerpt from Malleus Maleficarum Dominicans Heinrich Kramer and Jacob sprenger The passage above when applied to the late 16 & 17 centuries represents a continued reflection of ?

Social and economic upheaval in Europe

"Neither man nor woman was heeded, but all who could be found were put to the sword, including many who were in no way to blame." Jean Froissart , Chronicles 14 th century- The dominant political theme of the High Middle Ages in England and France was the :

Struggle to gain power for Kings at the expense of the church and feudal aristocracy

Pope Boniface issued the bull Unam Sanctum expressing which of the following views ?

Temporal power was subject to the spiritual power the church

The influence of the scientific revolution on religion is seen in:

The Deist view of God as a clockmaker

Cromwell Abolishes the English Monarchy The passage above represents the culmination of which of the following events ?

The English civil war

-Voltaire the ignorant philosopher from Candice or optimism Voltaire's satirical writing included enlightened ideals even as he argued against the power of:

The French church's and state

"Anno Domini 1618 a great comet appeared in November . To see the thing was terrible and strange and it moved me to change my disposition so that I started to write because I thought that it meant something big would occur as then really did happen anno domini 1619 Ferdinand becalmed the holy Roman emperor under whom a great persecution happened through war unrest and the spilling of the blood of Christians ...First he started a big war in Bohemia which he then oppressed and subjugated under his religion then almost the whole of Germany was conquered all of which I can hardly describe and explain." - Hans Heberle shoemaker in Ulm,Germany, personal chronicle in 1630 The ability of someone of herberles social status in seventeenth century Germany to read and write was most likely the result of which of the following ?

The Protestant reformations emphasis on individual study of the Bible

The pattern shown in the table was partly an effect of which of the following changes in the economy of Western Europe ?

The breakdown of traditional economic systems and the increasing commercialization of agriculture

Alvise de Ca da Mosto Venetian merchant describing the Portuguese Island of arguim off the west coast of Africa 1454 The Portuguese slave trade described in the passage led most directly to which of the following?

The establishment of a European dominated system of plantation agriculture

Which of the following might have resulted from work done by those who refused to accept tradition ?

The heliocentric view of the cosmos

-Alvise de Ca da Mosto Venetian merchant describing the Portuguese Island of arguim off the west coast of Africa 1454 The licensing of trade described in the passage is an example of which of the following state policies?

The implementation of mercantilism to promote the states economic interests

Cromwell Abolishes the English Monarchy Although often seen as a political document the bill of rights was produced by religious factors as well. Which statement most accurately addresses the religious aspects of this development ?

The king of England precipitated the event by setting aside laws restricting the rights of catholics

" I travelled to Montpellier and associated with several Protestants who have close contacts with Spain in order to learn if they ship books to Spain or know any heretics there. In order to gather this information... I pretended to be a heretic myself and proposed to take some books , such as the works of John Calvin and Theodore Beza to Spain A bookseller and a merchant volunteered to bring the books secretly to Barcelona to the home of one of their friends who was as they said, of their faith. A thousand deceptions were necessary to gather this info. I learned the names of all Protestants from the merchant for he told me that they were of his religion . I am staying here... in the service of God and Your Majesty." - Report by an agent of the Spanish Inquisition to king Phillip 2 ,1566 Which of the following events marked the effective end of Spain's ability to act as a champion of Catholicism in Europe?

The outcome of the Thirty Years War (1648)

"Anno Domini 1618 a great comet appeared in November . To see the thing was terrible and strange and it moved me to change my disposition so that I started to write because I thought that it meant something big would occur as then really did happen anno domini 1619 Ferdinand becalmed the holy Roman emperor under whom a great persecution happened through war unrest and the spilling of the blood of Christians ...First he started a big war in Bohemia which he then oppressed and subjugated under his religion then almost the whole of Germany was conquered all of which I can hardly describe and explain." - Hans Heberle shoemaker in Ulm,Germany, personal chronicle in 1630 A historian could best use herberles discussion of the comet as evidence for which of the following features of early modern intellectual life?

The persistence of a traditional view of the world as governed by supernatural forces

-Conrad Celtis oration delivered at university of ingolstadt 1492 The passage above most clearly shows the influence of which of the following trends in fifteenth century Europe?

The revival of classical learning and the development of Northern humanism

"Neither man nor woman was heeded, but all who could be found were put to the sword, including many who were in no way to blame." Jean Froissart , Chronicles 14 th century- His description of this event highlights:

The ruthless , all- encompassing aspect of warfare down to the peasant class during the Hundred Years War

-Voltaire the ignorant philosopher from Candice or optimism The above writing by Voltaire would have been most influenced by:

The thirty years war

"Anno Domini 1618 a great comet appeared in November . To see the thing was terrible and strange and it moved me to change my disposition so that I started to write because I thought that it meant something big would occur as then really did happen anno domini 1619 Ferdinand becalmed the holy Roman emperor under whom a great persecution happened through war unrest and the spilling of the blood of Christians ...First he started a big war in Bohemia which he then oppressed and subjugated under his religion then almost the whole of Germany was conquered all of which I can hardly describe and explain." - Hans Heberle shoemaker in Ulm,Germany, personal chronicle in 1630 The conflict that heberle describes in his chronicle resulted in which of the following?

The weakening of the Holy Roman Empire and the strengthening of smaller sovereign states within its boundaries

All the following helped lead to the enlightenment EXCEPT:

The widespread impact of Rousseaus theory of general will

What event would become a formal acknowledgement of equality between Lutherans and Catholics ?

The. Peace of Augsburg

The image demonstrates which of the following regarding scientific advances in early modern Europe?

They used information obtained through dissection to reconceptualize the body as an integrated system

" You shall have the power to degenerate into the lower forms of life , which Are brutish. You shall have the power, out of your souls judgement to be reborn into the higher forms , which are divine ." - Pico Della Mirandola , 15 th century Italian nobleman Machiavelli's the prince represented an attempt to find ways to:

Unify the entire Italian peninsula under one ruler

Henry VIII s reformation in England :

Was much more politically driven than Luther's reformation

Italian city-states during this period typically:

Were dominated by despotic rule

Which of the following was a long term trend that emerged in response to the economic patterns represented in the table?

Western European women began to delay marriage to limit the number of children they would have

Which of the following best describes the status of Renaissance women ?

Women managed their households and had a certain degree of autonomy in their daily lives .

The above painting could be used as evidence of all the following EXCEPT

Women were allowed to join scientific societies alongside men