AP Gov - Chapter 5, AP Gov- Chapter 6-9 Multiple Choice
A __________ is a temporary committee that is appointed for a specific purpose. a. ways and means committee b. caucus c. select committee d. standing committee
c
According to the Supreme Court's decisions in the Civil Rights Cases (1883), in which of the following areas could Congress prohibit discrimination against African Americans? a. theaters b. hotels c. post offices d. private homes
c
According to the trustee model of representation, legislators are entrusted to __________. a. follow a strict interpretation of the Constitution b. present the views of their party c. use their judgment when making decisions d. make decisions according to their constituents' demands
c
Each state has ________ senators, each of who serves a ______-year term a.two;two b.two,four c.two;six d.four;two
c
Historically, vice presidential candidates have been chosen to __________. a. help set the president's agenda b. mentor the president c. balance the presidential ticket d. serve as the president's chief policy advisor
c
How might a bill become law if it has been pocket vetoed? a.Congress may override the pocket veto with a three-fourths vote in each chamber b.Congress may override the pocket veto with a two-thirds vote in each chamber c.The bill can be reintroduced during the next session of Congress d.The bill can never become law
c
If you thought you were getting an inferior public education because of your ethnicity, which part of the Constitution would you rely on most heavily to justify your case? a. the Fifteenth Amendment b. the Thirteenth Amendment c. the Fourteenth Amendment d. the Nineteenth Amendment
c
In the event of a major scandal, which kind of committee would be convened to conduct a special investigation? a. a conference committee b. a subcommittee c. a joint committee d. a standing committee
c
Members of the House are apportioned to states based on _______. They serve _______-year terms. a.equal representation by state;four b.equal representation by state;six c.population;two d.population;four
c
The House minority leader __________. a. selects the president pro tempore b. decides jointly with the majority leader which legislation goes to the floor c. is elected by the minority party d. is selected by the Speaker of the House
c
The Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) primarily enhanced the civil rights of __________. a. African Americans--Consider This: Lawrence struck down sodomy laws. b. Native Americans c. gays and lesbians d. disabled Americans
c
The Thirteenth Amendment bans slavery. When was it passed? a. when the South seceded from the Union b. during the Civil War c. immediately after the Civil War d. during the civil rights movement
c
The formal method for ending a filibuster is _______; it requires the approval of _____ senators a.abrogation;fifty-one b.censure;fifty-five c.cloture;sixty d.discharge; sixty-seven
c
The president pro tempore __________. a. has the power to nullify legislation with a pocket veto b. has the power to select the majority leader c. is an honorific office awarded to the senior senator of the majority party d. is required to preside over the Senate whenever it is in session
c
To execute this power, the president is required to receive a two-thirds approval vote from the Senate. a. appointment of members to the Supreme Court b. termination of relations with other nations c. negotiation of treaties with other nations d. negotiation of executive agreements with foreign heads of state
c
What did the Supreme Court determine was unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of ducation? a. school integration b. poll taxes c. school segregation d. unequal school funding
c
What does the Government Accountability Office do? a. audits the financial expenditures of the legislative branch b. audits the financial expenditures of state governments c. audits the financial expenditures of the executive branch d. monitors potential congressional ethics violations
c
What precipitated the Montgomery Bus Boycott? a. the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have A Dream" speech b. the Greensboro, North Carolina, lunch counter sit-in c. the arrest of Rosa Parks in Montgomery, Alabama d. the assassination of the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr.
c
What strategy did the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People use most effectively to challenge segregated law school admissions? a. boycotts b. protests c. litigation d. nonviolent direct action
c
What was the basis for the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that upheld the constitutionality of a state law requiring segregated railroad facilities? a. Former slaves are not entitled to full citizenship rights because they did not immigrate to the United States willingly. b. Former slaves are not entitled to full citizenship rights because they were considered property under the law. c. The Constitution does not prohibit segregation; it only mandates equal protection under the law. d. Railroad transportation involves interstate commerce, which is regulated by Congress; there is no provision in federal law that prohibits segregation.
c
Which example best demonstrates a legislator acting according to a delegate view of representation? a. A legislator may follow his or her conscience unless public opinion is clear. b. A legislator does whatever is best for his or her reelection. c. A legislator follows the public opinion of his or her constituency. d. A legislator heeds public opinion in every case, except in matters of personal conscience.
c
Which individual keeps close contact with all members of his or her party, counts votes for key legislation, prepares summaries of bills, and acts as a communications link within the party? a. majority leader b. minority leader c. whip d. president pro tempore
c
Which is an example of logrolling in Congress? a. awarding a government contract to a campaign supporter b. introducing and sponsoring a bill c. supporting someone else's bill in exchange for future support of your bill d. health care reform
c
Which of the following arguments would most likely be made by an opponent of affirmative action policies? a. Unaddressed past discrimination causes perpetual inequality.--Consider This: the goal of affirmative action is to address past discrimination and level the current playing field. b. Discrimination is a natural part of the human experience. c. Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race. d. Diversity helps Americans better understand each other.
c
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy? a. It prohibited all soldiers from discussing their sexual activities. b. It prevented gays and lesbians from serving in the military. c. It required gay and lesbian soldiers to keep quiet about their sexual orientation. d. It prevented the military from discharging gay and lesbian soldiers.
c
Which of the following situations would most likely be a violation of Title IX? a. an election jurisdiction that does not provide bilingual ballots when there is a large bilingual community b. a legal prohibition on hiring women for positions that are known to be hazardous to women's reproductive health c. a college that provides significantly more sports scholarships for men than for women d. an employer who systematically pays women less than men for doing comparable work
c
Which of the following strategies for expanding civil rights would the Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. have been most likely to support? a. sabotaging the electricity supply to the homes of segregationist leaders b. intimidating elderly whites to discourage them from supporting Jim Crow laws c. boycotting stores that enforced segregationist policies d. boycotting elections to underscore the problem of African American disenfranchisement
c
Why did southern states enact poll taxes? a. to raise revenue for the government b. to ensure that only people who really want to vote would do so c. to get around the Fifteenth Amendment and disenfranchise African Americans d. to enfranchise former slaves
c
Why was the Civil Rights Act of 1875 unsuccessful? a. Congress did not have the authority to enact legislation in the South during the Civil War. b. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was only concerned with discrimination in government employment. c. The Supreme Court said that private citizens could choose not to provide public accommodations on account of race. d. The Supreme Court said that government institutions could choose not to provide public accommodations on account of race.
c
Women were guaranteed the right to vote by __________. a. Korematsu v. U.S. b. the 1965 Voting Rights Act--Consider This: It took changing the Constitution to give women the right to vote. c. the Nineteenth Amendment d. the 1964 Civil Rights Act
c
__________ is a good example of constituent casework. a. Analysis of an incumbent's policy positions prior to a debate b. Analysis of water quality within a district c. Helping a constituent navigate red tape d. Assisting a federal agency operating within a member's district
c
A(n)_______committee is created to reconcile differences in bills passed by the House and Senate a.conference b.appropriations c.ways and means d.standing
a
For which of the following would the Supreme Court most likely apply an intermediate standard of review to determine whether the policy is an unconstitutional violation of the equal protection clause? a. having a different minimum age for men to marry than for women to marry b. prohibiting those over 70 years old from working in law enforcement c. prohibiting gays and lesbians from serving in the military d. requiring government contractors to have a racially diverse workforce
a
How are committee chairs selected in the House? a. They are selected by party leaders. b. They are elected by the House. c. They are determined according to seniority on the committee. d. They are determined according to seniority within the party
a
In the 1970s, which of the following critiques were given by opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment? a. It would affirm Roe v. Wade, make women eligible for the draft, and put women at financial risk. b. The Declaration of Independence says men are created equal; it does not say anything about women. c. Equality of results is more important than equality of actions. d. It would revoke Muller v. Oregon, make women vulnerable to exploitation, and leave children without care.
a
In the House of Representatives, who is second in authority to the Speaker of the House? a.majority leader b.majority whip c.minority leader d.president pro tempore (or pro tem)
a
The Constitutional Convention created which form of legislature? a.bicameral b.direct c.unicameral d.unified
a
The Fifteenth Amendment guarantees citizens the right to vote regardless of __________. a. race b. sex c. age d. involvement in insurrection
a
The NAACP is most likely to fight to reduce which of the following? a. racism b. affirmative action c. sexism d. sodomy
a
The vice president of the United States is the ceremonial leader of the Senate, but he or she has little real leadership responsibilities. The true leader of the Senate is the __________. a. majority leader b. president pro tempore c. president of the Senate d. Speaker
a
Under the Supreme Court's review standards, a law that classifies people according to __________ will be given strict scrutiny by the Supreme Court to determine its constitutionality. a. race b. age c. disability d. gender
a
What did the Supreme Court decide in Korematsu v. U.S. (1944) regarding the internment of American citizens of Japanese ancestry living in the United States? a. It was permissible because the United States was at war with Japan. b. It was unconstitutional, and Japanese Americans must be duly compensated. c. It did not pass the strict scrutiny test, and the internment was promptly terminated. d. It was unconstitutional, but it was too late to do anything about it.
a
What is the purpose of a discharge petition? a. to force a vote on a House bill that is otherwise stuck in committee b. to force a vote on a Senate bill that is being delayed by a filibuster c. to force a vote on a House or Senate bill that is favored by a minority d. to force Congress to remain in session until the calendar has been fully discharged
a
What is the status of affirmative action in college admissions after the Supreme Court decisions in the two cases involving the University of Michigan, Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) and Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)? a. Affirmative action policies are generally permissible, but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems. b. Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance. c. Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole. d. All forms of affirmative action are unconstitutional because they unfairly favor some people over others based on the color of their skin.
a
What is the typical path a bill proceeds through the Senate? a. introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, full committee report, full Senate debate and vote, conference committee, full Senate vote, send to president b. introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, Committee on Rules, full committee report, conference committee, full Senate vote, send to president c. introduction, committee referral, Committee on Rules, subcommittee, full committee report, full Senate vote, conference committee, send to president d. introduction, subcommittee, committee referral, full committee report, Committee on Rules, full Senate vote, conference committee, send to president
a
What occurs during the appropriations process? a. Congress grants funds to federal agencies and programs. b. Congress creates new federal agencies. c. Congress acquires requested oversight material from the executive. d. Congress instructs the president to eliminate federal agencies.
a
What was the main purpose for the March on Washington? a. to urge Congress to adopt an antidiscrimination legislative agenda b. to urge the Supreme Court to overturn the separate-but-equal doctrine c. to urge John F. Kennedy to repudiate the actions of the freedom riders d. to urge Congress to eliminate de facto segregation
a
Which of the following best describes the issues at stake in Dred Scott v. Sandford? a. the constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise and whether slaves were U.S. citizens b. whether Missouri could remain part of the Union and whether women could bring suits in federal court c. the constitutionality of the Emancipation Proclamation and whether slaves were U.S. citizens d. whether women were U.S. citizens who should be allowed to vote and whether slavery in Missouri was legal
a
Which of the following dissuaded some states from ratifying the Equal Rights Amendment? a. Roe v. Wade b. the National Organization for Women c. The Feminine Mystique d. the strict scrutiny standard
a
Which of the following is a constitutional power that the president shares with the Senate? a. making treaties b. declaring war c. granting pardons d. receiving foreign ambassadors
a
Which statement about incumbency is most accurate? a. Incumbents have a huge reelection advantage. b. Incumbents have a small reelection advantage. c. Incumbents only leave office when pressured by party leadership. d. Incumbents only leave office when they are impeached.
a
Which term is used to indicate that a state is awarded congressional seats, based on its proportion of the population? a.apportionment b.Appropriations c.Gerrymandering d.Redistricting
a
Why were Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton impeached but not removed from office? a. The House officially charged them with wrongdoing, but a Senate trial failed to convict them. b. The Senate officially charged them with wrongdoing, but a House trial failed to convict them. c. The Senate officially charged them with wrongdoing, but a Supreme Court trial failed to convict them. d. Neither chamber of Congress secured enough votes for a trial.
a
A __________ is a tactic used to inform the leadership that a senator may have objections to a bill. a. cloture b. hold c. markup d. pocket veto
b
After a bill is reported by a full committee in the House or Senate, it goes to __________. a. a conference committee composed of members from the original House and Senate committees b. the House Committee on Rules or the Senate floor c. a subcommittee d. the House or Senate floor
b
An elected oppical who votes the way his or her constituents would want is a ________. a.conscientious objector b.delegate c.trustee d.politico
b
Black Codes were passed by many of the former Confederate states in order to __________. a. segregate blacks and whites b. deny newly freed slaves legal rights, such as voting and sitting on juries c. keep newly freed slaves from being hired for work, so they would have to remain slaves d. deny newly freed slaves the right to attend church
b
If a group of people were systematically discriminated against in the past, which of the following would constitute an affirmative action policy designed as a remedy to help the members of this group overcome this legacy of discrimination? a. a hiring policy that favors those with relatives working in government b. a college admissions policy that gives preferential treatment to members of the group that experienced discrimination c. a color-blind job application process to give members of this group an equal chance d. requiring that all job applicants have at least two years of prior experience
b
Of the following people, who could serve in the military under the "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy? a. all gays and lesbians b. closeted gays and lesbians c. only those who were celibate d. only those who were straight
b
Pork may aid the district of a member of Congress by _____. a.diverting allocated funds to the service sector b.increasing jobs and revenues with federally funded projects c.increasing revenues through private market investment d.taking corporations less so they provide health insurance for employees
b
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was designed to overturn which of the following? a. integration b. Jim Crow laws c. nonviolent direct action d. Reconstruction
b
The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. insisted that civil disobedience aimed at ending discrimination in the South should be conducted __________. a. by any means necessary b. nonviolently c. secretly d. anonymously
b
What did Jim Crow laws mandate? a. voting rights b. racial segregation c. poll taxes d. grandfather clauses
b
What does the Congressional Research Service do? a.audits the financial expenditures of the executive branch and federal agencies b.conducts research and provides information to Congress c.supervises all government-sponsored research projects that use human subjects d.ensures that the Library of Congress has up-to-date research materials
b
What does the Twenty-Second Amendment do? a. requires that presidents be natural-born citizens b. limits the president's terms of office c. requires the president to be a resident of the United States d. requires the president to be at least thirty-five years old
b
What is the typical path a bill proceeds through the House of Representatives? a. introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, full committee report, full House vote, Committee on Rules, conference committee, send to president b. introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, full committee report, Committee on Rules, full House vote, conference committee, full House vote, send to president c. introduction, committee referral, subcommittee, Committee on Rules, full committee report, conference committee, full House vote, send to president d. introduction, committee referral, Committee on Rules, subcommittee, full committee report, full House vote, conference committee, send to president
b
What provision of the Fourteenth Amendment served as a cornerstone of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education? a. the all men are created equal clause b. the equal protection clause c. the privileges and immunities clause d. the grandfather clause
b
What was the Supreme Court's rationale in the Civil Rights Cases (1883) for why Congress could not prohibit discrimination in public accommodations? a. Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because they involve interstate commerce. b. Congress can only regulate government discrimination, not discrimination by private individuals. c. Congress cannot prohibit discrimination because doing so violates the First Amendment right to freedom of speech. d. Congress cannot prohibit discrimination because there was insufficient evidence that discrimination exists.
b
What was the primary focus at the 1848 Seneca Falls Convention for activists like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott? a. the prohibition of alcohol b. women's rights c. rights for former slaves d. ending the Civil War
b
What were Black Codes? a. housing segregation laws b. laws that denied rights to African Americans c. laws requiring a poll tax or literacy test to vote d. unwritten norms of discrimination in the South
b
Which first lady acted as a surrogate for her partially paralyzed husband? a. Abigail Adams b. Edith Bolling Galt Wilson c. Eleanor Roosevelt d. Nancy Davis Reagan
b
Which group is the closest and most loyal to the president? a. Executive Office of the President b. White House staff c. armed forces d. National Security Council
b
Which of the following books helped inspire abolitionists? a. Grapes of Wrath b. Uncle Tom's Cabin c. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee d. Enough Is Enough
b
Which of the following laws would be the most likely to draw strict scrutiny from the Supreme Court when determining its constitutionality? a. Male and female student athletes cannot compete on the same basketball team at the university level. b. Businesses cannot discriminate against gays and lesbians in hiring and promotion decisions. c. Those without a college degree are not eligible for upper-level civil service jobs. d. Government contracts must be awarded to a contractor who is a racial minority whenever at least 10 percent of the bidders are minority-owned businesses.
b
Which of the following led President Abraham Lincoln to describe the author as "the little woman who started the big war"? a. Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique b. Elizabeth Cady Stanton's The Seneca Falls Convention c. Lucretia Mott's The World Anti-Slavery Society d. Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin
b
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Congress and the judiciary? a. The Supreme Court typically overturns more than 100 congressional statutes each year. b. The Supreme Court has been overturning more acts of Congress in recent years than it has in the past. c. Congress reviews the constitutionality of Supreme Court decisions. d. Congress typically has the Supreme Court review bills to determine their constitutionality before they are debated on the floor.
b
Which of these does the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ban? a. poll taxes and grandfather clauses b. discrimination in public accommodations c. integration in public transportation d. nonviolent direct action
b
Who breaks a tie in the Senate? a. president of the United States b. vice president of the United States c. Speaker of the House d. Senate majority leader
b
How do the rational basis and the intermediate standard of review differ? a. The rational basis standard requires an important governmental objective for classification; the intermediate standard requires the classification to be necessary. b. The rational basis standard applies only to racial classifications; the intermediate standard applies to gender and sexual orientation classifications. c. Those who dislike a law will have an easier time getting it overturned if the Supreme Court applies the intermediate standard instead of the rational basis test. d. It is easier for the government to demonstrate that there is a rational basis for a law than to meet the requirements of the intermediate standard.
d
How has the Equal Rights Amendment affected women's civil rights? a. It has ensured that men and women are treated equally in the workplace. b. It has ensured that the courts evaluate gender discrimination using the strict scrutiny test. c. It has eliminated gender discrimination in the military. d. It has had little effect because it was not formally adopted.
d
How have Americans rated members of Congress in recent years? a. quite high b. somewhat high c. mediocre d. dismally low
d
Party members vote with each other approximately ______ of the time. a. 30 percent b. 50 percent c. 70 percent d. 90 percent
d
The Fourteenth Amendment attempted to guarantee which of the following to former slaves? a. forty acres of farmland and a mule b. free university education c. economic equality with whites d. citizenship rights
d
The Lilly Ledbetter Act is designed to __________. a. protect women's access to university athletics b. prevent racial housing discrimination c. protect same-sex marriage rights d. prevent gender-based pay discrimination
d
The __________ is where members of Congress affiliated with a given party gather to select their leadership at the beginning of each term. a. conference committee b. electoral college c. leadership conference d. party caucus
d
The __________ presides over the House of Representatives, and is expected to smooth the passage of majority-backed bills. a. majority leader b. majority whip c. president pro tempore d. Speaker
d
The provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that prohibits any state from denying "any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws" is known as the __________ clause. a. due process b. privileges and immunities c. grandfather d. equal protection
d
To what extent were the civil rights of African Americans protected during the decades following Reconstruction? a. Their civil rights increased in the immediate aftermath of Reconstruction and have continued to increase steadily ever since. b. The civil rights of southern African Americans were considerably greater than their northern counterparts. c. It was two decades after Reconstruction before African Americans had civil rights that were comparable to those of whites. d. Attempts to protect the civil rights of African Americans after Reconstruction were largely unsuccessful for decades.
d
What is executive privilege? a. the ability of the president to refuse to spend money appropriated by Congress b. the ability of the president to veto programmatic requests in a bill c. the power of the president to declare war or initiate a police action d. the implied power of the president to keep communications confidential
d
What procedure limits debate of budget controversies to twenty hours, thereby ending the threat of a filibuster in the Senate? a. caucus b. cloture c. programmatic requests d. reconciliation
d
What was the Supreme Court's justification for overturning the separate-but-equal doctrine? a. The Supreme Court did not have all of the facts when it adopted the separate-but-equal doctrine.--Consider This: Children in all African American schools often had inferior materials and thus did not have equal access to quality education thus relegating them to an inferior system. b. The separate-but-equal doctrine was never intended to apply to people. c. The quality of life for African Americans in the South had deteriorated considerably since the adoption of the separate-but-equal doctrine. d. Segregated schools stigmatize minority children.
d
What was the objective of the women's suffrage movement? a. broad gender equality b. the right to own property c. equal pay for equal work d. the right to vote
d
When is the staff of a member of Congress most likely to have an influence over how he or she votes on a given bill? a. when the bill is expensive b. when the bill is important to his or her constituents c. when the bill is highly partisan d. when the bill is nonideological
d
Which of the following accommodations would an employer most likely need to implement in order to be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act? a. hiring a disabled person instead of an equally qualified person without a disability b. providing better medical insurance for employees who have a disability c. lowering expectations for the quality of work performed by employees with disabilities d. installing a ramp and other physical accommodations for someone who uses a wheelchair
d
Which of the following provides an advantage to the incumbent candidate? a.the desire to "throw the bums out" b.surge and decline c.property taxes d.name recognition
d
Whips serve what main function? a.to act as a spokesman for their chambers b.to help the speaker schedule proposed legislation for debate c.to meet with members of the executive cabinet d.to persuade party members to support the party
d
Why are there currently 435 members in the House of Representatives? a. The Constitution requires a specific ratio of representatives to constituents. b. The Constitution stipulates exactly 435 members. c. The number has grown each decade, according to census data. d. The number is fixed by statute.
d
__________ is a gesture of respect shown by the president to senators from the home state where a judicial vacancy occurs. a. Appointee preeminence b. Committee referral c. Congressional review d. Senatorial courtesy
d
