AP Gov Final Study Guide

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the checks held by the legislative and judicial branches?

A

Which of the following scenarios is an example of the trustee model of representation?

A member of Congress votes to close a popular tax loophole based on the belief that the money would be better spent paying down the national debt.

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances?

A rule issued by a bureaucratic agency may be declared unconstitutional by the supreme court.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a member of Congress supporting pork-barrel legislation?

A senator from an agricultural state amending legislation to establish a potato research institute in his or her state

The Supreme Court's decision in Shaw v. Reno (1993) is most applicable to which of the following scenarios?

A state legislature approves a redistricting plan that draws district lines on basis of race.

Which of the following sections of the US constitution most concerns Madison according to the passage?

Article 1, Section 2

The process shown in the diagram is outlined in which of the following parts of the united states constitution?

Article V

Which of the following forms of financial aid from the national government gives the states the broadest discretion in the spending of money?

Block Grants

Which of the following policies would be the states most likely prefer according to the political cartoon?

Block Grants

The primary responsibility for determining monetary policy in the US rests with the...

Board of governors of the federal reserve system.

In Fed 10, James Madison argued that the new constitution would help control faction by doing which of the following?

By creating a large republic, the new constitution made it less likely that a faction could gain enough power to completely dominate.

Which of the following actions did president johnson suggest he would take to address problems in public schools?

Calling on experts to advise the fed gov in finding ways to improve public education

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of checks on the legislative branch and checks on the executive branch?

Check on Legislative Branch Check on Executive Branch The president may veto bills passed by Congress.The Senate must confirm judicial nominees.

South Carolina passed a law to increase the state tax on gasoline to help fund repairs on highways and bridges. The state tax is in addition to the federal tax on every gallon of gasoline that is solid. Which of the following constitutional provisions does this scenario illustrate?

Concurrent Powers

Which of the following is an example of a power exclusively granted to the Senate in Article II of the Constitution?

Confirming ambassadors

Which constitutional principle best explains the differences in poverty rates presented in the map?

Federalism

Policy that describes the impact of the federal budget(including taxes, spending, and borrowing) on the economy referred to as which of the following?

Fiscal policy

Which of the following accurately compares the formal and informal powers of the president?

Formal Power Informal Power Acting as commander in chief of the military Signing executive agreements with foreign nations

Which of the following is a correct comparison of formal and informal powers of the president?

Formal Power Informal Power Using the veto to block legislation Issuing executive orders to bureaucratic agencies without having to gain approval from Congress

Which of the following positions on the government's role in the marketplace is most influenced by the idea expressed in the passage?

Government intervention in the free market should be avoided.

Which of the following pairs accurately identifies the methods used by Congress and the president to hold the bureaucracy accountable to the other branches?

Holding a committee hearing Appointing a Cabinet

the advantages of the incumbency advantage are...

I, IV, and V only

Which of the following scenarios illustrates Washington's concerns?

Ideological divisions within Congress can lead to partisan gridlock.

A member of congress who advocates for a more keynesian approach to solving a recession will likely support which of the following policies?

Increased federal spending on infrastructure programs

Which of the following sets of policies would most likely be supported by a libertarian?

Legalization of the commercial sale of marijuana and a reduction in government spending on prison.

Which of the following ideals of united states government is most relevant to this passage?

Limited Government

Which of the following descriptions is the information on the line graph too limited to support?

Most who identify as very conservative believe that the federal reserve should be abolished.

Which of the following actions would give opponents of school choice the best chance of preventing the department of ed from adopting the policy outlined above?

Opponents of school choice could take the department of ed to federal court and have the school choice policy declared unconstitutional.

Which of the following statements best reflects James Madison's beliefs about political representation as expressed in the passage?

People are best represented by a few politicians chosen to voice their issues.

which of the following statements is true regarding political advertisements in 2012 based on the information in the graphic?

Political action committees aired 3 million political ads

A new president has been elected after running on a campaign of lowering taxes and reducing spending on discretionary programs but now must work with Congress to ensure legislation passes which achieves those goals. Which of the leaders in the diagram plays the most crucial role in shaping the legislation that the president wants passed?

Speaker of the House

Which of the following is the most accurate interpretation of the political cartoon?

States governments prefer federal funding but do not want federal oversight over how the money is spent.

Arizona enacted an immigration law in 2010, claiming the legislation complemented existing federal law. The Obama administration disagreed, claiming the state law conflicted with national law. Which clause of the constitution did the supreme court most likely use to strike down a section of the state law?

Supremacy Clause

Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in US v. Lopez?

Th gun-free school zones act of 1990 was struck down as unconstitutional because it exceeded the commerce clause.

Which of the following is likely to occur as a result of new legislation regarding automobile safety?

The Department of Transportation will be given discretionary authority to create auto regulations.

Which of the following is an example of bureaucratic rule making?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) writing a regulation to support a clean water bill

If a bill reaches the floor for debate and a member of the minority party opposes the bill, which of the following provides greater leverage to a senator than to a member of the House to block passage of the bill?

The Senate allows for unlimited floor debate that can hold up a vote, while the House has strict limits on debate.

In what respect does the constitution address washington's concern regarding the spirit of encroachment expressed in the excerpt?

The constitution distributes power across national institutions.

The language in the first paragraph of the selection most closely parallels that of which of the following documents?

The declaration of independence.

Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland?

The federal government had the authority to establish a national bank, and maryland's tax was unconstitutional.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of concurrent powers?

The federal government provides about 25% of the total funding for highways and transit in the united states , while the other 75% of the funding comes from the states.

Which of the following is a necessary step for the government to take to protect school choice, based on the article?

The federal government should provide funding to families to purse schooling options other than the public school system.

In the early part of the 21st century, public opinion polls showed that a majority of americans believed it should be illegal to burn the American flag. Which of the following statements best explains why these efforts have been unsuccessful?

The framers made the amendment process difficult in order to protect individual rights.

Which of the following statements accurately explains a limitation of the line graph?

The line graph does not illustrate differences along party lines regarding the perception of the federal reserve.

Using both of the maps, which of the following best explains the role that ideology has played in the shaping of corporate tax rates?

The maps indicate that states that have high corporate tax rates are more likely to enact liberal policies.

Using both the maps, which of the following best explains how states with the highest corporate tax rates voted in the 2016 election?

The maps show that states with the highest corporate tax rates were more likely to vote for the democrat.

Which of the following is commonly identified as a failure of the articles of confederation?

The national government lacked on effective power to raise revenue.

Which of the following was a direct outcome of the 3/5 compromise?

The number of representatives in the house of reps from slaveholding states increased.

Which of the following is an example of checks and balances, as established by the constitution?

The requirement that presidential appointments to the supreme court be approved by the senate.

Based on your knowledge and the diagram, which of the following is true regarding the leadership structure of Congress?

The role of the minority leader in both the House of Representatives and the Senate is to coordinate a strategy for the minority party.

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a formal check on the power of the bureaucracy?

The secretary of defense being called to testify before a congressional committee

The process in the diagram reflects which of the following about the perspective of the framers on constitutional government?

The system should be able to accommodate political change, but the process for change should incorporate checks and balances.

Which of the following best describes Madison's primary concern about representative government?

Those who seek to represent the people may be tempted to act in their own interests instead.

The author in the passage seeks to convince those uncertain about the policy of school choice to do which of the following?

To support parents' right to choose where their child goes to school

Despite concerns raised by her constituents, a member of the House of Representatives votes in favor of a bill, believing that in the long term it is in the best interest of her constituents. This is an example of which of the following models of representation?

Trustee

A member of the United States Senate, Jane Smith, personally opposes a bill that calls for a single-payer system of healthcare, in contrast to the majority of her constituency, who are in favor of the legislation. Based on the trustee model of constituent accountability, which of the following actions will Senator Smith most likely take when it is time to vote on the piece of legislation?

Vote against the bill according to her own conscience, which may cause her to lose support among her constituents.

Which of the following newspaper headlines best summarizes the excerpt from Washington's Farewell Address?

Washington warns of dangerous party factions.

which of the following makes a correct comparison between political parties and interest groups in the US?

a

which of the following represents a consequence of candidate centered electoral campaigns?

a decrease in the role of political parties in campaign management

which of the following scenarios is most clearly related to the supreme court's decision in citizen's united v. federal election commission?

a labor union spends millions of dollars to independently run negative advertisements about a presidential candidate shortly before the election

which of the following describes an exit poll?

a poll that asks voters at randomly selected voting places whom they voted for so that elections random predicted more quickly.

In The Federalist 70, Alexander Hamilton states that "energy in the executive is a leading character in the definition of good government." In this statement, Hamilton is arguing in favor of the need for

a single executive who can respond quickly to crises

which of the following exemplifies the free-rider problem for interest groups?

a teacher who does not join the local teachers union but receive a free bird-watching guide

which of the following scenarios is most related to the twenty-sixth amendment?

an 18 year old votes in a presidential election

A liberal response to the "strained resources" of local government most likely would include...

an increase in federal spending on public education and more programs aimed at helping lower-income communities

Lobbyists from the Airlines for America, an advocacy group that represents commercial airlines, work with members of the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and officials from the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to discuss a new policy that addresses issues of airline safety. This scenario best illustrates

an iron triangle

The activities of the federal reserve board have the most direct influence on

bank interest rates

According to the United States Constitution, all revenue bills must

be passed by two-thirds of the Senate

Candidates for political office use public opinion polls for all of the following except to

bring the opposition's opinions into alignment with those of the candidate

After extensive polling, a member of the House of Representatives learns that her constituents favor universal background checks for all gun purchases. Based on this information, the representative votes in favor of background checks in a criminal justice bill, although she personally opposes the provision. In doing so, she is acting as a

delegate

which of the following is generally the most important agent of political socialization?

family

Which of the following inferences can be made from the poll?

it is unclear whether more people support marijuana legalization than oppose it.

which of the following scenarios depicts the concept of an iron triangle?

lobbyists from the energy industry provide information to the department of energy before the department head testifies before the energy and commerce committee in the house of reps

which of the following best explains why eligibility criteria vary by state as shown on the information graphic?

states can create criteria for voting rights so long as they do not violate the constitution

Of the following, which has been used most to expand the power of the national government?

the commerce clause of the consitiution

In a public opinion poll, a polling company used an online survey tool to randomly contact... which of the following best explains the companies decision?

the company wanted to ensure that the sample of the population was truly random

of the following, the most important role in the political socialization of children is played by

the family

which of the following is the most accurate statement about political parties in the US?

the percentage of voters identifying themselves as either democrats or republicans has been declining since the 1970's.

which of the following is most directly related to the large amount of money spent by outside groups for the election?

the use of super PAC's as a mechanism to raise money and influence elections

The data in the line graph would be least useful to a researcher interested in finding out which of the following?

whether or not there was a decrease in support for the federal reserve after the 2008 financial crisis.