AP History chapter 13
What happened in Christiana, Pennsylvania, in 1851?
About twenty African Americans fought a gun battle with slave catchers, killing two; a jury subsequently acquitted one defendant, and the government dropped charges against the rest.
The 1857 Dred Scott decision had what consequence?
The decision persuaded many Republicans that the Supreme Court and President Buchanan were part of the "slave power" conspiracy.
How did pro-annexation Democrats engineer the annexation of Texas in 1845?
The party approved it through a joint resolution, which required only a majority vote in both houses of congress.
How did Oregon fever affect national politics in the U.S in 1844?
The possibility of expansion into Texas became a major issue in the presidential election.
What describes the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
The treaty purchased more than one-third of Mexico's territory for a mere $15 million.
What was the outcome of the midterm election in 1858?
Republicans won control of the U.S House of Representatives.
What describes the American Party, or Know-Nothings, that emerged in the North in the 1850s?
The American Party originated in anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic societies of the 1840s.
What describes the American invasion of Mexico in 1846?
The Americans captured Matamoros, Monterrey, Tampico, and most of the northeastern Mexico.
The 1854 Kansas- Nebraska Act led to what?
The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was repealed.
What did nineteenth-century American expansionists mean by the term Manifest Destiny?
The citizens of the United States had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean.
Americans who lined up behind the free-soil cause in the late 1840's...
declared that slavery threatened American republicanism by undermining family farms.
The northern states responded to the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act by sponsoring...
personal-liberty laws
The 1845 annexation of Texas provoked...
the Mexican War
In 1845, Texans claimed that their boundary extended...
to the Rio Grande on the south and west.
James K. Polk's declaration that American blood had been shed "upon American soil" was his call for...
war with Mexico
What characterizes American settlement in California before the mid-1840s?
American settlement in California was fairly sparse in this period.
From 1854 to 1856, what was the fundamental principle all Republicans agreed on?
An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories.
Despite stiff Mexican resistance, American forces also secured control of which future state in 1847?
California
Why did Democratic presidential candidate Lewis Cass propose the idea of squatter sovereignty in 1848?
Cass hoped the plan would maintain the unity of the contentious Democratic Party.
During the 1850's, proslavery American expansionists attempted to acquire...
Cuba
In 1854, why did Senator Stephen A. Douglas introduce a bill to extinguish Native American rights in the Great Plains and organize the northern segment of the Louisiana Purchase into a large territory called Nebraska?
He wanted to build a transcontinental railroad from Chicago to Northern California.
What are the developments that occurred during the 1852 presidential campaign?
Democrats nominated Franklin Pierce as a compromise candidate because he was a congenial man with southern sympathies.
What was the critical issue facing political parties in the late 1840's?
Expansion of Slavery
From 1818 until the early 1840's, the Oregon Territory was administered under what arrangement?
Great Britain and the United States controlled it jointly.
How did James Gadsden distinguish himself during Franklin Pierce's presidency?
He bough a small amount of land from Mexico to facilitate a southern transcontinental railroad.
Why did radical abolitionists William Lloyd Garrison criticize the free-soil movement bitterly in the late 1840's?
He found its emphasis on freehold farming racist and insufficiently radical.
Which individual expressed public support for John Brown's attempt to ignite a slave rebellion in Virginia in 1859?
Henry David Thoreau
Why did the Republican party nominate Abraham Lincoln for the presidency in 1860?
His egalitarian image would attract votes among farmers and workers.
What describes the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850?
It denied alleged runaways a jury trial or the right to testify in their own defense.
What describes the Slidell mission to Mexico in December 1845?
It failed because Mexico had suspended diplomatic relations with the Untied States ad refused to even see Slidell.
What describes the historical significance of the Harried Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel "Uncle Tom's Cabin"?
It sparked an unprecedented discussion about race and slavery in the U.S and abroad.
What made the Oregon Territory so appealing to Americans in the mid-1800s?
Its mild climate and rich soil.
What feature of the Lakota Sioux society protected it from the epidemics that decimated other Native American groups in the 19th century?
Its small groups and nomadic life style
Which man sought presidency in 1844?
James Polk- expansionist, dark-horse candidate of the Democratic Party who won the election.
What event took place in Kansas during the summer of 1856?
John Brown and his followers murdered and mutilated five proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie.
By the 1830s, who was the dominant Indian tribe on the central and northern Plains?
Lakota
Position..on the extension of slavery during the debate over the admission of California into the Union 1850?
Lewis Cass-supported popular sovereignty to address the slavery issue
What policy was implemented as part of the Compromise of 1850?
Passage of a new Fugitive Slave Act
How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855?
Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton.
What action did President Polk stake in 1845 as part of his California strategy?
Polk sent orders to the U.S Navy in the Pacific to seize San Francisco Bay and other California ports in the event of war with Mexico.
What did the Wilmot Proviso, introduced in Congress in 1846, purpose to do?
Prohibit slavery in any territory the U.S acquired from Mexico
Popular sovereignty solved what issue temporarily?
Whether Congress had the authority to legislate slavery in the territories.
Americans who migrated to the Oregon Territory in the 1840s settled in what region?
Willamette Valley
The popular 1844 phrase "Fifty-four forty or fight!" served as...
a push for American control of the entire Oregon territory
In 1858, in his so-called Freeport Doctrine, Stephen Douglas...
asserted that settlers could exclude slavery from a territory by not adopting local legislation to protect it