AP HUG: Chapter 5 Test

A form of a language spoken in a local area is a A) dialect. B) language branch. C) language family. D) language group. E) language root.

A

An Indo-European language is spoken in which of these European countries? A) Bulgaria B) Finland C) Hungary D) Estonia E) all of the above

A

Dialects developed within England primarily because A) different Germanic invaders settled in different regions. B) the Normans invaded from the south. C) the Viking invaders did not remain long in England. D) British Received Pronunciation became the standard dialect. E) commerce developed more slowly in England than on the European continent.

A

English is part of which language branch? A) Germanic B) North Germanic C) West Germanic D) Indo-European E) Austronesian

A

Immigrants to which American colonies had the most diverse backgrounds? A) Middle Atlantic B) New England C) Northern D) Southeast E) French Canadian

A

Russian is part of what language branch? A) Balto-Slavic B) Germanic C) Indo-Iranian D) Romance E) Altaic

A

The Flemings and Walloons live in what country? A) Belgium B) France C) South Africa D) Switzerland E) Liechtenstein

A

The large number of individual languages documented in Africa has resulted primarily from A) Thousands of years of isolation between tribal groups. B) repeated invasions by outsiders. C) introduction of many different languages by the colonial powers. D) frequent migration by the different tribal groups. E) colonial administration of native lands

A

The most widely spoken IndoEuropean language is A) English. B) Hindi. C) Spanish. D) Bengali. E) none of the above

A

A creolized language is A) extinct. B) a mix of indigenous and colonial languages. C) an isolated language family. D) a possible prehistoric superfamily. E) a revived formerly extinct language

B

A group of languages that share a common origin but have since evolved into individual languages is a A) dialect. B) language branch. C) language family. D) language group. E) language root.

B

A lingua franca is A) an English word that has entered the French language. B) a language that is mutually understood by people who have different native languages. C) an extinct language that has been revived. D) an official language in a region of the world different from where the language originated. E) a language used by French colonial administrations

B

Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they A) spoke Germanic languages. B) invaded England. C) spoke languages derived from Latin. D) diffused English around the world. E) agreed to divide England.

B

Official languages in Switzerland include all but which of the following? A) Italian B) Flemish C) Romansh D) French E) German

B

The Flemings and Walloons speak languages belonging to different A) dialects. B) language branches. C) language families. D) language groups. E) language sects.

B

The first speakers of the language that evolved into English were tribes that lived in present-day A) France. B) Denmark. C) United States. D) Italy. E) Switzerland

B

The four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European include all but A) Balto-Slavic. B) Celtic. C) Indo-Iranian. D) Romance. E) Germanic

B

The most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa is A) Khoisan. B) Niger-Congo. C) Nilo-Saharan. D) Afro-Asiatic. E) altaic.

B

The two largest language families in the world are A) Indo-Iranian and Balto-Slavic. B) Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European. C) Afro-Asiatic and Sino-Tibetan. D) Balto-Slavic and Sino-Tibetan. E) Altaic and Nilo-Saharan

B

A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history is a A) dialect. B) language branch. C) language family. D) language group. E) language root.

C

An isogloss is A) a form of a language spoken in a local area. B) a collection of unique words. C) a boundary between language regions. D) a blending of two language families. E) all of the above

C

Basque is spoken primarily in A) Brittany. B) the Swiss Alps. C) the Pyrenees Mountains. D) Barcelona, Spain. E) Leichtenstein.

C

English is part of which language group? A) Germanic B) North Germanic C) West Germanic D) Indo-European E) Semitic

C

Hebrew is an example of A) an isolated language. B) an extinct language. C) a revived language. D) a language family. E) an Altaic language

C

Marija Gimbutas' theory points to the first speakers of the Indo-European language as the ancient A) Celts. B) Germans. C) Kurgans. D) Russians. E) Dravidians.

C

The Icelandic language has changed less than any other Germanic language because of A) Iceland's close contact with other people and activities. B) migration by German tribes. C) Iceland's relative isolation from other places. D) the extinction of the East Germanic group. E) continuous exchange with Norway and Sweden

C

The Kurgans A) conquered much of East Asia several thousand years ago. B) were a Germanic tribe that invaded England. C) were horse and cattle herders from the grassland steppes of present day Russia and Kazakhstan. D) preserved Basque as an isolated language. E) were the earliest speakers of Sino-Caucasian.

C

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the trunks of the trees represent A) dialects. B) language groups. C) language families. D) possible prehistoric superfamilies. E) language sects

C

When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their tribe A) their language usually shows very little change even over a long period of time. B) they immediately develop a literary tradition. C) isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into two. D) they lose their linguistic abilities. E) groups form multiple dialects.

C

Which group of the Germanic family is extinct? A) West Germanic B) North Germanic C) East Germanic D) South Germanic E) Uber Germanic

C

According to Colin Rehfrew's Anatolian hearth theory, Indo-European languages diffused across Europe A) entirely by sea. B) by way of the Kurgan homeland. C) by warriors on horseback. D) with the diffusion of agriculture. E) following the silk road

D

English is part of which language family? A) Germanic B) North Germanic C) West Germanic D) Indo-European E) Romance

D

The language family encompassing the languages of the People's Republic of China is A) Indo-European. B) Indo-Iranian. C) Mandarin. D) Sino-Tibetan. E) Austro-Asiatic.

D

The language spoken by soldiers stationed throughout the Roman Empire was known as A) a dialect of Latin B) a Romance language. C) a standard language. D) Vulgar Latin. E) Catalan.

D

The language spoken by the greatest number of native speakers in the world is A) Cantonese. B) English. C) Hindi. D) Mandarin. E) Spanish.

D

The second most widely spoken language family in Europe is A) Balto-Slavic. B) Indo-European. C) Romance. D) Uralic. E) Celtic

D

The two most important languages in South America are A) Dutch and English. B) English and Spanish. C) French and Spanish. D) Portuguese and Spanish. E) Creole and Portuguese

D

Urdu is the most important language of A) Bangladesh. B) India. C) Iran. D) Pakistan. E) Sri Lanka.

D

African languages are distinguished by the fact that A) most have a literary tradition. B) none are spoken by more than one million people. C) most belong to the Nilo-Saharan language family. D) even the most important language family is spoken by only a small percentage of Africans. E) linguists continue to add newly discovered languages to the African list

E

Celtic languages A) were threatened by extinction in England. B) are still spoken by people in France. C) have been revived in some parts of the British Isles. D) have an extensive body of literature. E) all of the above

E

Germanic invaders of England included which tribe? A) Angles B) Saxons C) Jutes D) Normans E) A, B, and C

E

When languages are depicted as leaves on trees, the roots of the trees below the surface represent A) dialects. B) language groups. C) language sects. D) language families. E) possible prehistoric superfamilies.

E

Basque is the only nonIndo-European language currently spoken in Europe. Answer:True or False

False

Germanic, Romance, and Latin are all branches of IndoEuropean. Answer:True or False

False

Hebrew is an example of an extinct language. Answer:True or False

False

The Angles, Jutes, and Saxons were Celtic tribes who invaded England 1500 years ago. Answer: True or False

False

The most spoken language in China is Cantonese. Answer: True or False

False

Americans spell words differently than the British primarily because of a strong national feeling in the United States for an independent identity. Answer:True or False

True

English was spread around the world through the establishment of British colonies. Answer: True or False

True

Evidence suggests the first speakers of Indo-European were the Kurgans. Answer:True or False

True

Icelandic has probably changed less over time than any other Germanic language. Answer: True or False

True

Indo-European divided into different branches because of isolation of different speakers. Answer: True or False

True

Nearly half the people in the world speak an Indo-European language. Answer: True or False

True

New Englanders use a different dialect of English than other Americans because they came from different regions of England. Answer: True or False

True

Regional dialects in England can be traced back to the settlement patterns of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. Answer: True or False

True

Switzerland has four official languages. Answer: True or False

True

The most frequently spoken Afro-Asiatic language is Arabic. Answer: True or False

True

A form of a language spoken in a local area is a Select one: a. dialect. b. branch. c. family. d. group. e. root.

a

A pidgin language Select one: a. has no native speakers. b. is spread by folk culture. c. stems from invasion. d. cannot exist for more than a generation. e. cannot exist without globalization. Feedback

a

British and American English differ in all but which of the following? Select one: a. alphabet b. pronunciation c. spelling d. vocabulary e. prevalent dialects

a

Diseases spread through ___________ diffusion, whereas information about those diseases spreads through __________ diffusion. Select one: a. relocation, contagious b. contagious, relocation c. hierarchical, relocation d. relocation, hierarchical e. stimulus, contagioous

a

English is part of which language branch? Select one: a. Germanic b. Northern c. Western d. Indo-European e. Austronesian Feedback

a

English is the most important language in North America primarily because of Select one: a. the diffusion of English colonies. b. the Norman conquest. c. the global dominance of the United States. d. official government policy. e. prohibitions against foreign languages.

a

Russian is part of what language branch? Select one: a. Balto-Slavic b. Germanic c. Indo-Iranian d. Romance e. Altaic

a

The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how Select one: a. recently in time the languages were once the same. b. closely the speakers of each language live to one other. c. they correspond to the diffusion of free markets across much of the world. d. similar the cultures of the speakers of each language are. e. they all emerged at the same point in history, according to the Bible.

a

Which of the following is NOT a Romance language? Select one: a. Bulgarian b. Italian c. Portuguese d. Romanian e. French Feedback

a

Which statement best describes the use of English on the Internet? Select one: a. English has become less dominant but is still the leading Internet language. b. Different Internets exist for most other widely spoken languages, like Chinese, Japanese, and Russian. c. The number of English-speaking Internet users remains above 50 percent. d. English has become more dominant as the most common language on the Internet. e. No one seems to be able to spell English correctly anymore.

a

A creolized language is Select one: a. extinct. b. a mix of indigenous and colonial languages. c. an isolated language family. d. a possible prehistoric superfamily. e. a revived formerly extinct language.

b

A language branch that was nearly extinct in British-controlled areas but which is now being revived is Select one: a. Slavic. b. Celtic. c. Iranian. d. English. e. Pictish.

b

A lingua franca is Select one: a. an English word that has entered the French language. b. a language understood by people who have different native languages. c. an extinct language that has been revived. d. an official language in a region of the world different from where the language originated. e. a language used by French colonial administrations.

b

Both the Angles and the Normans contributed to the development of the English language, because they Select one: a. spoke ancient English languages. b. invaded England. c. spoke languages derived from Latin. d. diffused English around the world. e. agreed to divide Ireland from England. Feedback

b

The branch of Indo-European that includes Haitian Creole is Select one: a. European. b. Romance. c. Indo-Iranian. d. Balto-Slavic. e. Germanic.

b

The first speakers of the language that evolved into English were tribes that lived in present-day Select one: a. France. b. Denmark. c. United States. d. Italy. e. Switzerland.

b

The four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European include all but Select one: a. Balto-Slavic. b. Celtic. c. Indo-Iranian. d. Romance. e. Germanic.

b

The second-largest language family is Select one: a. Indo-European. b. Sino-Tibetan. c. Afro-Asiatic. d. Austronesian. e. Dravidian.

b

"A language is a dialect with an Army and a Navy" means Select one: a. languages typically require strict militaristic enforcement of the rules of grammar whereas dialects don't. b. dialects tend to be spoken by peace-loving people, but languages are spoken by aggressive people. c. languages differ from dialects in that people are more willing to classify something a language when an empowered groups speaks it. d. dialects are unsuitable for military strategy.

c

A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history is a Select one: a. dialect. b. language branch. c. language family. d. language group. e. language root.

c

AAVE stands for Select one: a. African American Verbal Excellance b. African-America Vernacular Expression c. African-American Vernacular English d. African-American Verbal Expression

c

Chinese is traditionally written in the form of Select one: a. a literary tradition. b. a Latin alphabet. c. ideograms. d. Cantonese. e. phonemes.

c

English has achieved unprecedented acceptance globally due to Select one: a. the refusal to use English in colonial and imperial expansion. b. the diffusion of command economies across much of the world. c. its role as the common language of a global economy and culture. d. the rise of folk culture and the decline of popular culture. e. the diffusion of religion from LDCs to MDCs.

c

In the 1700s, 1800s, and afterward, English diffusion has been strongly related to colonialism and imperialism in many parts of the world because Select one: a. conquered populations refused to use English while colonial and imperial expansion was underway. b. as imperial Russia and China expanded they used English as a lingua franca in Asia. c. conquered peoples wishing to participate in the new government and the increasingly global economy felt pressured to learn English. d. people in conquered countries knew that in the distant future, English would become the main language associated with exports of popular culture, such as Disney cartoons and Hollywood movies. e. religious missionaries from every European country used English-language translations of the Bible. Feedback

c

The most widely spoken language in Brazil is Select one: a. Creole. b. French. c. Portuguese. d. Spanish. e. Catalan.

c

When people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other members of their group Select one: a. their language usually shows very little change even over a long period of time, despite the appearance of a small number of changes typical of different dialects. b. they immediately develop a literary tradition. c. isolation usually results in the differentiation of one language into dialects, followed eventually by two distinct languages. d. they lose their linguistic abilities. e. groups form multiple dialects.

c

Which of the following family-language pairings is INCORRECT? Select one: a. Altaic: Turkish b. Afro-Asiatic: Arabic c. Sino-Tibetan: Polish d. Niger Congo: Swahili e. Indo-European: Spanish

c

Which of the following is the BEST argument for teaching AAVE (Ebonics) in school? Select one: a. Many Americans view it favorably and wish they could speak it fluently. b. Immigrants to the United States find it easier to understand than other English dialects. c. It is one of the few living relics of the slave culture in early America. d. It is useful as a second language, particularly when traveling to Africa. e. Its speakers gain an economic advantage in professional settings.

c

A literary tradition is Select one: a. a form of a language intended to be printed in official government documents. b. a language spoken in an area. c. a collection of languages related to one other. d. the written form of a language. e. the variety of dialects in a language used in obscure examples of poetry.

d

Arrange the following in order from BROADEST to narrowest classification. Select one: a. family, group, branch, language b. family, language, group, branch c. language, group, branch, family d. family, branch, group, language

d

Franglais is Select one: a. the lingua franca of France. b. a dialect of French. c. the standard language of French. d. the use of English in the French language. e. a language used by French colonial administrations.

d

It is speculated that the forerunner of all Indo-European languages diffused Select one: a. from a hearth in central Asia via nomadic warriors. b. from an Anatolian hearth as farmers spread technology and knowledge. c. via the Norman conquest of England in 1066. d. a. and b. only e. all of the above.

d

The language family encompassing the languages of the People's Republic of China is Select one: a. Indo-European. b. Indo-Iranian. c. Mandarin. d. Sino-Tibetan e. Austro-Asiatic.

d

Which of the following is NOT a tactic used by the Quebec government to preserve French language and culture? Select one: a. Mandating a bilingual streetscape b. Paying subsidies for immigrants to learn French c. Prohibiting academic instruction in English in public schools. d. Criminalizing the speaking of English e. All of the above.

d

Which of the following is not a branch of the Indo-European language family? Select one: a. Germanic b. Indo-Iranian c. Romance d. Semitic e. Balto-Slavic

d

According to the maps and diagrams in this chapter, the Germanic invaders of England included which groups or tribes? Select one: a. Germans, Normans, and Danes b. Brittans, Normans, and Welsh c. Irish, Welsh, and English d. Scots, Irish, and Welsh e. Angles, Jutes, and Saxons Feedback

e

All of the following describe the English language except Select one: a. It is a lingua franca. b. Its recent growth is due to expansion diffusion. c. It is an Indo-European language. d. It has diffused along with economic globalization. e. It is an isogloss.

e

Basque is a good example of a(n) Select one: a. language family. b. globalizing language. c. language group. d. lingua franca. e. isolated language.

e