AP Psychology Unit 2 Quiz

In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?

Positron-emission tornography (PET)

Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?

a loss of motor coordination

Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by

afferent neurons

People who have experienced severe damage to the frontal lobe of the brain seldom regain their ability to

make and carry out plans

The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

medulla

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

the absolute refractory phase

During neuronal firing, the part of the neuron that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed the electrical impulse as it travels down the axon is

the myelin sheath

A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

Difficulty with speech production

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

a decrease in heart rate

The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons is called

a dendrite

Which of the following is classified as an antagonist?

A tricyclic antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine transporters.

Researchers looking to create a drug to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease would most likely focus their efforts on which of the following neurotransmitters?

Acetylcholine

Sally says that her dream about going to a circus is just her brain attempting to make sense of random stimulation from the brain stem. Sally's explanation is consistent with which of the following theories of dreaming?

Activation-synthesis

Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?

Amygdala

Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs?

Cocaine

Most glands in the human body are a part of which system?

Endocrine

In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?

Epilepsy

In adult humans, which of the following is typically true of REM sleep?

It is correlated with dreaming.

Which chemical is most closely associated with sleep?

Melatonin

The person most strongly associated with identifying deficits in the motor speech area and in the ability to produce speech is

Paul Broca

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

Reticular formation

For most people, which of the following is an activity based in the right hemisphere of the brain?

Simple spatial reasoning

A patient reports constant sleepiness. A series of tests reveal that the patient's sleep is frequently disrupted by periods of interrupted breathing and brief awakenings. Which of the following diagnoses would account for such symptoms?

Sleep Apnea

During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?

Sleep apnea

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

Wernicke's area

After sustaining a traumatic injury, Russ is having difficulty comprehending the meaning of words. Which of the following parts of his brain has most likely been damaged?

Wernicke's area

The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as

a circadian rhythm

A drug that has the effect of intensifying or mimicking a particular neurotransmitter can be characterized as

an agonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter

Activation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system results in

an increase in respiratory rate

Stimulation of portions of the left temporal lobe of the brain during surgery will cause the patient to

hear sounds

The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the

hippocampus

After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following?

immediately withdraw in fear

Sleep paralysis typically occurs in people who are

in REM sleep

The brain's ability to adapt after it is damaged is known as

plasticity

A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is

reduced inhibition

An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in the

right visual cortex

Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the

sympathetic nervous system

Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as

a depressant

An individual who drinks alcohol daily finds it necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well-being attained in the past. This individual is showing

alcohol tolerance

The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in

digesting food

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

electroencephalography (EEG)

The limbic system is most closely associated with

emotions

Painkilling substances produced by the brain are known as

endorphins

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

increases her level of endorphins

For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the

left cerebral hemisphere

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

visual deficit