AP Psychology Unit 5

Which of the following is true of melatonin?

It is a sleep hormone released by the pineal gland into the bloodstream.

Which of the following is a psychedelic drug?

LSD

Fast and jerky movements of the eyes are especially likely to be associated with...

REM sleep.

Genital arousal is most likely to be associated with...

REM sleep.

Obesity is a risk factor for developing which of the following sleep disorders?

Sleep apnea.

What is most likely to occur when the brain is repeatedly flooded with artificial opiates?

The brain stops producing endorphins.

Circadian rhythm refers to...

a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle.

Dissociation refers to...

a state of divided consciousness.

Hypnotically age-regressed people...

act as they believe children would, but out perform real children.

Those who emphasize the mood fluctuations may be indicative of seasonal affective disorder are highlighting the importance of...

biological rhythms.

Research has indicated that hypnosis...

can block sensory input.

After four years of working nights, Raymond now works days. His present difficulty in getting sleep at night is most likely due to a disruption of his normal...

circadian rhythm.

Cindi prefers to take exams in the late afternoon rather than during the morning, because her energy level and ability to concentrate are better at that time. Her experience most likely reflects the influence of the...

circadian rhythm.

A brief 15- to 30- minute rush of euphoria followed by a crash of agitated depression is most closely associated with the use of...

cocaine.

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep are called...

delta waves.

Research indicates that alcohol...

disrupts processing of recent experiences into long-term memories.

One plausible theory suggests that hypnosis relieves pain by...

distracting attention.

Some people function well with fewer than 6 hours of sleep per night, while others need 9 hours or more. Such differences in individual sleep patterns suggest that...

genetics makes a difference in how much sleep we need and get.

LSD is most likely to produce...

hallucinations.

Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulus are called...

hallucinations.

The best predictor of an adolescent's pattern of drug usage is whether the adolescent...

has close friends who use drugs.

Hypnosis involves a state of...

heightened openness to suggestion.

Traffic accident rates have been found to_________ after the spring change to daylight savings time and to ____________ after the fall change back to standard time.

increase; decrease

According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to...

its underlying but censored meaning.

According to Freud, the personally threatening and censored meaning of a dream is its...

latent content.

Mrs. Roberts, who suffers from AIDS, has been given an ordinarily illegal drug at the university hospital. Considering her specific medical condition, it is likely that she has received...

marijuana.

THC, the active ingredient in _________, is classified as a __________.

marijuana; hallucinogen

When light strikes the retina, it signals the suprachiasmatic nucleus to alter _____________ production by the pineal gland.

melatonin

The British government classifies the highly addictive crystallized form of ____________ as one of the most dangerous or drugs.

methamphetamine

The pituitary gland releases a growth hormone during...

paradoxical sleep.

If Marty doesn't drink caffeinated sodas daily, he experiences severe headaches. Marty is most clearly showing signs of...

physical dependence.

Physical pain and intense cravings indicate...

physical dependence.

Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms are indicative of...

physical dependence.

While Bev was hypnotized, her therapist suggested that during the next several days she would have a strong desire to eat well-balanced meals. The therapist was apparently making use of...

posthypnotic suggestion.

Although Max never experiences caffeine withdrawal symptoms, he feels that he needs coffee every morning as part of his daily routine. Max best illustrates...

psychological dependence.

Drug tolerance refers to the...

reduced effect of a drug resulting from its regular usage.

Alcohol is considered a(n)...

stimulant.

People are particularly responsive to hypnosis if they...

strongly expect that they can be hypnotized.

The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the...

suprachiasmatic nucleus.

The activation synthesis theory best helps to explain why...

people often experience sudden visual images during REM sleep.

A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces...

sensitivity to pain.

Which of the following is a common symptom of nicotine withdrawal?

Anxiety

Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep?

As sleep progresses, Stage 3 and Stage 4 sleep diminish while REM sleep increases.

After Carlos had been asleep for about an hour and a half, his heart began to beat faster, his breathing became fast and irregular, and his closed eyes began to dart back and forth. Carlos was most likely experiencing...

REM sleep.

Research has shown that having an identical rather than a fraternal twin with alcohol dependence puts one at an increased risk for alcohol problems. This finding suggests that...

alcohol abuse may be significantly influenced by genetics.

Sleep talking may occur during...

any stage of sleep.

Which drugs are more likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

Barbiturates

Chronic sleep debt is most likely to promote...

obesity.

Morphine and heroin are...

opiates.

Consciousness is...

our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more...

self-conscious.

The rhythmic bursts of brain activity that occur during Stage 2 sleep are called...

sleep spindles.

Sleep apnea is a disorder involving...

the cessation of breathing during sleep.

Our inability to fall asleep early as we had planned is most likely a reflection of...

the circadian rhythm.

The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called...

withdrawal.

Soon after taking a psychoactive drug, Larisa's breathing slowed, her pupils constricted, and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure. Larisa most likely experienced the effects of...

heroin.

The occurrence of REM rebound supports the notion that...

humans, like most other mammals, need REM sleep.

One of the immediate effects of Ecstasy is...

increased appetite.

Research indicates that the percentage of total sleep spent in REM sleep is higher in _________ than in __________.

infants; adults

Terry has not had a decent night of sleep in over a week. If this sleep deprivation continues, he will become increasingly susceptible to...

insomnia.