ap pysch

Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?

Stanley Milgram's study of obedience

A research psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of

statistical inference

Which of the following is used to reduce the effects of confounding variables in experiments?

Random assignment

A double-blind control is essential for which of the following?

Assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

Which of the following scenarios is regulated by federal law?

Dr. Mast, a psychologist, has a client, Tim, who threatens to seriously harm his brother, Carl. Tim has a history of serious violence and the means to carry out the threat; therefore, Dr. Mast must inform Carl.

Rocio is continually learning new skills and gaining insights into herself. Although she is not experiencing any distress, she chooses to see a therapist. This primary emphasis on growth is most reflective of which of the following perspectives?

Humanistic

Which of the following is a statistical approach concerned with forming conclusions about the effect of the independent variable on variations in the dependent variable?

Inferential

In their discussions of the process of development, the advocates of nature in the nature-nurture controversy emphasize the following?

Maturation

According to Wilhelm Wundt, the focus of scientific psychology should be the study of

conscious experience

In the 1800s, the activist Dorothea Dix led a movement in support of

improving the treatment of patients with mental disorders who were housed in asylums

Gestalt psychologists studied how

people see a triangle with missing corners as a complete triangle because of the principle of closure

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a

scatterplot

A teacher finds the distribution of scores on a final exam to be positively skewed with low variability. On the basis of this information, the teacher would be most justified in concluding that

the exam was too difficult

A research group involved with advertising is conducting a study to investigate whether shoppers are more likely to engage in impulse buying at the checkout than at any other place in the store. For the results of the study to be generalizable, the researchers should

use a representative sample

A test has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?

77

All of the following are American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

A. Research may not involve deception.

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study

A. the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

C. are protected from physical and psychological harm

Which of the following research techniques would be the best way to demonstrate that getting eight or more hours of sleep produces higher exam scores the following day?

Experimentation

Which of the following measures can be precisely located on the graph of a skewed distribution without doing any calculations?

Mode

Which of the following have been shown to have a positive correlation?

Perceived lack of control and learned helplessness

Research in the field of positive psychology is most supportive of which of the following conclusions?

Perception of control is related to a sense of well-being.

Which of the following most accurately describes a dependent variable?

Some aspect of a participant's response that is measured in an experiment

While reviewing scores from a chapter test, a teacher discovered that the mean score was higher than the median. Which of the following statements is most likely correct?

The distribution of scores for the test is positively skewed.

In developmental psychology, one advantage of cross-sectional over longitudinal studies is that cross-sectional research

requires comparatively little time

Dr. Mayhew finds that children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing many acts of violence later show more aggressive behavior during recess than children who are randomly assigned to watch television shows containing no acts of violence. In the experiment, the dependent variable is

the level of aggressive behavior displayed by the children during recess

Which of the following is true of the frequency distributions shown in the graphs above?

B. Distribution B has more variation than distributions A or C.

A disadvantage of longitudinal studies is that

B. participants who drop out during the course of the study may be different in important ways from ones who do not drop out

The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?

E. Psychodynamic

Dr. Jones is conducting research to determine if IQ changes with age. The research design includes three groups of participants. Group 1 consists of 10 year olds, group 2 of 15 year olds, and group 3 of 25 year olds. Dr. Jones gives an IQ test to all three groups to determine the average IQ of each group. The design of the research is

cross-sectional