AP World History Unit 3.2 Terms
Louis XIV of France
"Sun King," he believed in divine right and was a devout catholic. He feared the nobility and was successful in collaborating with them to enhance both aristocratic prestige and royal power. He made the court of Versailles a fixed institution to use it to preserve royal power and the center of French Absolutism.
Ivan IV
"The Terrible"; Russian ruler; cruel and tyranical; murdered nobility; extremely paranoid (killed his own son); taxed people heavily; took title of "czar"
Peter the Great
(1672-1725) Russian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg.
Absolutism
A political system in which a ruler holds total power
Tax Farmers
Agents who purchased from the crown the rights to collect taxes in a particular district.
Delhi
Capital of the Mugal empire in Northern India
Cardinal Richelieu
Chief minister of France who reduced the power of the nobles
Devshirme
Christian boys were recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government. The boys were generally taken from the Balkan provinces, converted to Islam, and then passed through a series of examinations to determine their intelligence and capabilities.
Romanov Dynasty
Dynasty elected in 1613 at end of Time of Troubles; ruled Russia until 1917
Justices of the peace
Elected officials whose jobs were to maintain the peace in the counties of England and to carry out the monarch's laws
Serfdom
Institution in which a peasant is attached to a feudal estate and forced to work due to debt.
Daimyo
Japan's large landowners
Tax farming
Local officials and private tax collectors distant from the central government
Akbar
Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus.
Shah Jahan
Mughal ruler who built Taj Mahal
Askia the Great
Muslim ruler who led Songhai to the height of its power
Versailles
Palace constructed by Louis XIV outside of Paris to glorify his rule and subdue the nobility.
Absolutism in France
The French government became more absolute
Period of Great Peace
The Tokugawa Shogunate created this period in Japan known as the Edo Period by adopting a policy of isolation
Janissaries
The elite forces of the Christian boys in the Ottoman army
Boyars
The noble land-owning class
Edo (Tokyo)
Where the center of power shifted and was controlled by the daimyo
English Bill of Rights
document that gave England a government based on a system of laws and a freely elected parliament
tributes
gifts given to those in power by people who have been defeated or who want protection
Intendants
official appointed by French king Louis XIV to govern the provinces, collect taxes, and recruit soldiers
Zamindars
paid government officials in charge of specific duties, such as taxation, construction, and water supply
Divine Right of Kings
the belief that the authority of kings comes directly from God
Tokugawa Ieyasu
this man established a shogunate that would dominate Japan for hundreds of years
