apes 9-13 college brd
Match the term with the defenition
Ethics —-> Set of rules or ideas that are considered the norm Professionalism ——> Set of attitudes or behaviors that are believed to be appropriate for particular occupations
The Mississippi watershed is the largest in North America, draining all or part of thirty-two states in the United States and two Canadian provinces. A new apartment complex is being built on a steep slope near the source of the Mississippi River outside of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Which of the following measures should be taken to best reduce erosion at the construction site to protect the Mississippi watershed?
Plant grass and shrubs on the slope.
Which of the following would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers?
Recycling of organic matter
Based on the map above, which of the following best identifies and explains the region of South America that would have a more moderate climate?
The east coast would have a more moderate climate because of the Brazil Current.
The map above shows the locations of known volcanoes and earthquakes. Which of the following explains what is being illustrated in the enclosed area in the northwest portion of the map?
The enclosed area shows a hot spot in the middle of the Pacific Plate in the Hawaiian Islands.
What is the detention of a PIC?
The individual that has final authority and responsibility for the operation and safety of an sUAS operation
Which of the following statements best describes the boundary between the two tectonic plates seen in the map?
The map illustrates a transform boundary, where tectonic plates slide past each other as the Pacific Plate moves northwest and the North American Plate moves southeast.
During an El Niño event, farmers in the southwestern United Stated often benefit from which of the following climatic changes?
Wetter and warmer weather that increases soil moisture
Can anyone other than a RPIC manipulate the controls of a UAS?
Yes, however, these flights can only be conducted under the supervision of the remote PIC.
Which of the following is the best explanation for the formation of Hadley cells in the tropics, as seen in the diagram, between 30°N and 30°S latitude?
The Sun warms the moist air at the equator and causes it to rise because of its lower density. As the warm air moves away from the equator, it cools, becomes denser, and then sinks.
Which of the following best describes the concept of the tragedy of the commons?
The aim of large logging operations in tropical rain forests is economic gain, rather than sustainability. Therefore, the shared resources in the forest could become depleted.
Which of the following is an assumption made by the author regarding the use of genetically modified crops?
The amount of arable land will remain relatively constant, and the growing human population will have enough food if more crops can be harvested from the same amount of land.
The green revolution has improved global agricultural output. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on the beginning of the green revolution in the 1970s and 1980s?
The green revolution was successful because of selective breeding, which improved nutritional value and crop yield to increase food production.
What is covered data?
Any information that can identify a particular person
Which of the following is a direct economic consequence that would likely occur if an area of forest was clear-cut so that a housing development can be built?
A decrease in the number of game hunting licenses purchased
Which of the following would be most helpful to determine the soil texture of a sample?
A density gradient tube and a soil triangle
What is the purpose of PPE?
A physical control that helps crews protect themselves from bodily harm
Island Species Population: Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it? A. An island 30 hectares in size that is 30 kilometers off the coast of the mainland B. An island 30 hectares in size that is 10 kilometers off the coast of the mainland C. An island 10 hectares in size that is 30 kilometers off the coast of the mainland D. An island 10 hectares in size that is 10 kilometers off the coast of the mainland
A. An island 30 hectares in size that is 30 kilometers off the coast of the mainland According to the theory of island biogeography, as the size of an island increases, the number of species living on it should increase. Also, as an island's distance from the mainland increases, the number of species living on it should decrease. This option provides the combination of great size and closest distance to the mainland compared to the other options.
The Chesapeake Bay is a watershed that is located in six states and the District of Columbia. Which of the following can cause an increase in water pollution in the watershed?
An increase in stormwater runoff in urban areas
Based on the diagram, which of the following describes why the summer solstice in Australia occurs in December and not in June?
At this time of year, the tilt of Earth causes Australia to receive highly concentrated solar radiation.
Succession Species Richness: (Look at Tab 8) Based on the graph, which of the following years postdisturbance had the greatest species richness? A. 25 B. 100 C. 175 D. 250
B. 100 One hundred years after disturbance all 8 species had measurable biomass in the ecosystem, the maximum number of species in the graph.
Ecosystem Services Storm Protection: Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service that would provide protection from a hurricane storm surge? A. A lock and Dam System B. An Intact Coastal Wetland C. An Energy- Producing Tidal Barrage System D. An Offshore, Deep- Water Fish Farm
B. An Intact Coastal Wetland An intact coastal wetland or marsh would offer natural protection from a storm surge categorized under regulating ecosystem service.
Fastest Recovery: (Look at Tab 1) Based on the information, which ecosystem would most likely recover the fastest from a natural disruption? A. Ecosystem A B. Ecosystem B C. Ecosystem C D. Ecosystem D
B. Ecosystem B Ecosystems with more genetic diversity and larger number of different species are more likely to recover from natural disruptions.
Which of the following is an example of an industrial practice that contributes to the tragedy of the commons?
Burning fossil fuels for energy production
Change in Frequency: (Look at Tab 6 and Picture 1)
C. (Picture 1) As pollution decreased, the tress will have lighter bark again, making them more suitable for the light-colored moths. Light-colored moths will survive and reproduce better than dark-colored moths, and their relative percentage in the population will increase.
Gharial Crocodile Article: (Look at Tab 3) Which of the following best identifies the author's claim? A. The 2008 die-off of the gharials was caused by extensive overfishing of the Chambal River would have caused the 2008 die-off B. The gharials have a wide ecological tolerance range, so it is unlikely that changes to the water chemistry of the Chambal River would have caused the 2008 die-off C. Anthropogenic disruptions to Earth's resources can have sudden and severe negative consequences to the health of native species, specifically those whose populations are already threatened D. In light of the 2008 die-off of the gharials, Indian government officials need to enact stricter laws to prevent the illegal dumping of drugs and other pollutants into the Chambal River
C. Anthropogenic disruptions to Earth's resources can have sudden and severe negative consequences to the health of native species, specifically those whose populations are already threatened The author claims that the possible pollution of the Chambal River, which is only location of a stable population of gharials worldwide, was most likely caused by the illegal disposal of prescription drugs in 2008.
The hog-farming industry maintains production levels to satisfy the demand for pork. Which of the following methods of meat production would provide the most likely explanation for the information represented in the graph above?
Concentrated animal feeding operations
Ecosystem Biodiversity: (Look at Tab 1) Based on the information, which of the following best describes Ecosystem C? A. Its low species diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has species with very low population sizes B. its high genetic diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has species that evolve quickly C. Its high genetic diversity indicates that Ecosystem C is most likely the result of the founder effect and a subpopulation originating from Ecosystem A D. Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories
D. Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories Having a limited number of different habitats would inhabit the survival of different types of specialist species and those that control large territories.
What is flight termination?
Deliberate contolled flight of UAS intonterrain
What does the study of ethics do for a professional?
Distinguishes intentions, actions, or behaviors as being either right or wrong
Various nations have adopted policies designed to combat overfishing. Which of the following approaches is commonly used to combat the problem of overfishing?
Enforcing minimum-size requirements for the capture of some commercial species
Three common methods of beef production include using rangelands, pasture, and feedlots. The environmental impacts of these different methods for a variety of variables is compared in the graph below. Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph?
Feedlots have high levels of pesticide use and energy consumption as a result high demands for grain production.
Aquaculture or fish farming can be used to increase the availability of species like salmon and shrimp for consumption. Although fish farming can have a number of negative environmental effects, it does offer a number of advantages. Which of the following is a valid reason for promoting the use of fish farms?
Fish production is constant, and fish farming reduces pressure on wild stocks.
Which of the following combinations correctly identifies and explains the effects of the differences in the distribution of solar radiation on Earth as seen in the diagram above?
Global wind patterns are created because uneven solar radiation results in warm air at low latitudes and cool air at high latitudes, resulting in density differences between the air masses.
Humans consume a variety of protein products, each with a different carbon footprint based on a variety of factors. Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph?
Grass-fed beef has the highest carbon-equivalent footprint because of land-use changes to create pasture land combined with contributions from transportation, processing, manure treatment, making fertilizers, and digestive fermentation processes.
Which of the following is an unintended consequence associated with waterlogging caused by flood irrigation?
Higher water tables
Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's predictions for how humans will meet the future nutritional needs of a growing population using current agricultural technology?
Humans have maximized the crop yield with improving technology and the implementation of modern genetic techniques to further increase crop productivity and resilience in order to meet the demand.
During a La Niña event, what environmental changes would the tropical Pacific Ocean and its surrounding landmasses most likely experience?
Increased upwelling off the coast of South America resulting in increased productivity of fisheries
Which of the following techniques could best reduce the harmful effects of overfishing if it were to be widely adopted by the fishing industry?
Increased use of large-mesh gill nets for harvesting salmon and trout
After intensive logging, most of the trees along a stream have been removed. Which of the following water quality changes would most likely occur downstream after logging?
Increased water temperature
Based on the map above, which of the following best explains why the Atacama Desert has a consistently arid climate?
It is in the rain shadow of the Andes Mountains.
Based on the diagram, which of the following days in Earth's yearly orbit would have the longest period of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere?
June solstice
Peru's commercial anchovy industry would most likely be harmed during an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decline in anchovy during an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event?
Less nutrient-rich water reaches surface waters, disrupting the food web.
Why are lithium-based batteries dangerous? (Select all that apply)
Lithium batteries are considered a hazardous material and fire hazard. Lithium is highly flammable Lithium reacts with water Lithium batteries can experience thermal runaway
What do the following professions have in common: doctors, lawyers, and engineers?
Long formalize corse of study and are certified by a board of experts
Match the term with the definition?
Schedules Maintenance —-> Preventative and occurs at recommended intervals or at service limits. Conditional Maintenance ——> Any servicing or replacing of parts that is required, because a component is no longer serviceable it has failed
Which of the following describes the independent variable in this investigation?
Soil samples taken from different locations
Which of the following is the control group for this experiment?
Soil with no grass
Which of the following describes an unintended consequence that results from large-scale agricultural use of water from an aquifer?
The rate of water use likely exceeds the rate of recharge, leading to lowering the water table.
Which statement is best illustrated in the diagram above regarding how the Sun's energy affects the Earth's surface from June through September in the Northern Hemisphere?
The season changes from summer to autumn, daylight hours decrease, and infrared radiation is the strongest during the June solstice.
Which of the following best describes environmental damage caused by slash-and-burn farming in tropical rain forests?
The soil loses fertility after a short period of time and will be ineffective for farming use.
A student claims that soil sample B would be classified as a loam. Which of the following best describes the method used by the student to reach this conclusion?
The student used a soil triangle to determine where the lines intersect for sand, silt, and clay for the soil sample.
Which of the following is the best explanation for the deflection of the trade winds in both hemispheres, as seen in the diagram above?
The wind is deflected west because of Earth's rotation.
Which of the following environmental effects would most likely result from the clear-cutting of boreal forests by industrial logging operations?
There will be an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, which will contribute to climate change.
The Atlantic Ocean is expanding as a result of plate tectonics. Which of the following explanations best identifies the type of plate boundary and processes occurring at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, as shown in the diagram below?
A divergent plate boundary exists at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where plates move away from one another, leading to seafloor spreading.
Succession Biomass: (Look at Tab 8) Based on the graph, which of the following years postdisturbance did sweetgum experience the greatest biomass? A. 50 B. 100 C. 150 D. 200
A. 50 The peak of sweetgum biomass (150 Mg ha-1) occurred 50 years after the disturbance.
Salmon Smell Article: (Look at Tab 5) Which of the following best identifies the author's claim? A. Acidic water affects the salmon's ability to sense danger from attacking predators by their sense of smell B. Salmon can only tolerate certain water temperatures before all of their senses are severely damaged C. Acidic water prevents salmon from maturing and therefore from being able to reproduce and replenish declining salmon populations D. Acidic water is causing a rise in the population of predators as a result of the salmon's increased ability to smell predators
A. Acidic water affects the salmon's ability to sense danger from attacking predators by their sense of smell Ocean acidification, which is caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, is affecting the salmon's ability to detect smells and avoid predation.
Population Bottleneck: (Look at Tab 1) Based on the information, which ecosystem most likely experienced a recent population bottleneck? A. Ecosystem A, because its low genetic diversity could have resulted from an event that reduced the variation in the gene pool B. Ecosystem B, because its high species diversity could have resulted from increased competition among its members C. Ecosystem C, because its low habitat diversity indicates an increase in available niches D. Ecosystem D, because its low species diversity indicates that it also has low species evenness
A. Ecosystem A A population bottleneck occurs when a significant decrease in the population size reduces genetic variation within a population.
Reef Fish in Warming Oceans Article: (Look at Tab 4) Which of the following best identifies the author's claim? A. Observed adjustments in the ecological tolerance of a species of reef fish is a result of epigenetic changes B. Climate change is damaging coral reefs as a result of warming ocean waters, which affect reef fish survival C. Transferring specific gene sequences of the spiny chromis damselfish to other fish species will help populations acclimate to warming ocean temperatures D. Continued acclimation of fish populations through epigenetics to warmer oceans will eventually replace the process of natural selection
A. Observed adjustments in the ecological tolerance of a species of reef fish is a result of epigenetic changes Evidence from the article supports that the author views changes in DNA expression as a driving force behind the reef fish's recent and efficient acclimation to warming waters.
Provisioning Ecosystem Service: Which of the following economic consequences to a provisioning ecosystem service will most likely result from increased global warming? A. The collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification B. Loss of revenue from the soil industry, because of increased oil spills from offshore oil wells C. Widespread crop failure, because of increased acid precipitation in agricultural areas D. Increased cost for water filtration, because of loss of coastal wetlands
A. The collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification Many fish depend on coral reefs for habitat, and the carbon dioxide that largely causes anthropogenic global warming also causes ocean acidification, which does damage coral reefs.
Change in Population: (Look at Tab 6) Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best describes the change in the population of moths as a result of industrialization? A. The percentage of dark-colored moths increased in the population and the percentage of light-colored moths decreased in the population B. The percentage of dark-colored moths decreased in the population and the percentage of light-colored moths increased in the population C. The percentage of dark-colored moths decreased in the population after 1850 and the percentage of light-colored moths remained constant throughout the time period D. The percentage of both the dark-colored moths and the light-colored moths remained constant throughout the time period
A. The percentage of dark-colored moths increased in the population and the percentage of light-colored moths decreased in the population The percentage of dark-colored moths increased from less than 10% to almost 100% during the time period in the graph and the light-colored moths decreased from over 90% in 1800 to under 10% in 1950.
Invasive Island Species: An island off the coast of Africa contains a larger percentage of specialist species than generalist species. Which of the following describes the most immediate effect if an invasive generalist species is introduced to the island? A. As predation increases, the population size of the invasive generalist species will decrease. B. As competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease C. As resources are partitioned, the population sizes of both the generalist species and the specialist species will increase D. As niches overlap, the invasive generalist species will be outcompeted by the island's specialist species
B. As competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease The invasive generalist species would most likely outcompete the island's species for food and other resources, as these are extremely limited on islands and specialists can thrive in a narrow range of conditions.
Beak Sizes of Gl Finches: (Look at Tab 9) Which statement is best supported by the data in the graph? A. Finches were better able to find mates, and the population size increased in 1977 because of abundance of grasses B. Finches with larger beaks were more likely to survive in 1980 because they were able to feed primarily on seeds and nuts during the drought C. The average beak size in 1981 increased to 9.8 mm because finches had access to unlimited resources D. The finch population declined from 1983 to 1984 due to a decrease in habitat
B. Finches with larger beaks were more likely to survive in 1980 because they were able to feed primarily on seeds and nuts during the drought The average beak size increased in 1980 due to drought conditions, which favored the large-beak finches (who could feed on seeds and nuts.)
Regulating Ecosystem Services: Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating? A. Wood fuel, medicine, and potable water B. Pollination, decomposition, and water purification C. Recreation, education, and aesthetics D. Photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, and creation of soils
B. Pollination, decomposition, and water purification Regulating services are benefits obtained from the regulation of ecosystem processes.
CO2 Concentration 200000 Years Ago: (Look at Tab 6) Which of the following best describes the pattern in the atmospheric CO2 concentration data over the past 200,000 years? A. The concentration of CO2 fluctuated between 150 ppm and 250 ppm B. The concentration of CO2 fluctuated between 150 ppm and 250 ppm until recently, when the concentration rose exponentially C. The concentration of Co2 remained constant at first from 200,000 years ago until 50,000 years ago, and then began a steady decline D. The concentration of CO2 rose exponentially to 400 ppm and leveled off at carrying capacity
B. The concentration of CO2 fluctuated between 150 ppm and 250 ppm until recently, when the concentration rose exponentially The graph shows the concentration of CO2 changing between 150 ppm and until recently, when the concentration rose significantly from 250 ppm to 400 ppm
Atmospheric Trends 800000 Years: (Look at Tab 6) Which of the following best describes the trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years? A. Atmospheric Co2 concentration has remained about the same, and Antarctic temperature has varied widely over the past 800,000 years B. Both atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years C. Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years D. Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are inversely correlated over the past 800,000 years
C. Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years The curves move in tandem over the past 800,000 years (i.e., as atmospheric CO2, concentration increases, Antarctic temperature decreases)
Islands-Easter and Madagascar: (Look at Tab 2) A. The native species on Easter Island are more likely to survive because the island is further from the mainland B. The native species on Easter Island are more likely to survive because the island is so small that there will be limited space for an invasive species to colonize C. The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources D. The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the temperature in the Indian Ocean is warmer than that of the Pacific Ocean
C. The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources The land with greater area supports more habitats and resources, reducing competition and increasing survival.
Temperature Change 440000 Years Ago: (Look at Tab 6) Which of the following best describes the change in Antarctic temperature from about 440,000 years ago to about 340,000 years ago? A. The temperature increases by about 10"C B. The temperature decreases by about 8"C C. The temperature increases by about 12"C and then decreases by about 12"C D. The temperature decreases by about 10"C and then increases by about 12"C
C. The temperature increases by about 12"C and then decreases by about 12"C This does describe the temperature curve between 440,000 and 340,000 years ago. The approximate Antarctic temperature about 440,000 years ago is about 10°C below the baseline. The approximate Antarctic temperature about 400,000 years ago is about 2°C above the baseline. The approximate Antarctic temperature about 340,000 years ago is about 10°C below the baseline. Therefore, starting about 440,000 years ago, the temperature increases about 12°C by 400,000 years ago and then decreases about 12°C Celsius by 340,000 years ago.
Intermediate Succession: (Look at Tab 8) Based on the graph, which of the following tree species would be the predominant species found during the intermediate stage of succession? A. Red maple B. Sweetgum C. Tulip poplar D. White oak
C. Tulip poplar The biomass of the tulip poplar trees peaks at about 125 years, which is the intermediate stage of succession for this ecosystem.
What does the remote pilot need to do if experiencing a UAS flyaway?
Monitor the systems location, and if the UA enters the airspace that requires new authorization, then the remote pilot need to immediately notify ATC.
Based on the map, which of the following best explains the area of the Andes Mountains that would have the greatest number of rivers?
More rivers would be located on the east side of the Andes Mountains because the trade winds are coming from the east.
Which of the following best exemplifies how an action within the fishing industry could lead to a tragedy of the commons?
Overfishing of threatened fish species leading to the eventual depletion of the resource
Which of the following is a dependent variable in the experiment?
Percent change in mass of the soil sample
Which of the following describes the dependent variable in this investigation?
Percentage of each particle size in each soil sample
A developer wants to develop a large tract of land near a watershed, which will require the removal of several large trees. Which of the following statements best describes the impact that the development would have on the watershed?
Removing large trees would cause an increase in temperature and keep the surrounding water and soil warmer.
Which are characteristic of professionals? (Select all that apply)
Specialized body of knowledge Licensure or certification Members of associations Uphold a code of ethics
In addition to Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR), what other rules should remote pilots learn? (Select all that apply)
State Laws Municipal Ordinances Other applicable federal regulations like FCC rules ManufActurers limits and procedures
The vast majority of ozone (O3) is found in a thin layer due to a lack of circulation in which of the following atmospheric layers?
Stratosphere
Which of the following abiotic factors, when graphed on the x-axis, leads to the curved line in the graph due to variation in the different layers of the atmosphere?
Temperature gradients
Which of the following layers of the atmosphere contains charged gas molecules that glow and produce light when hit by solar energy, leading to glowing gases such as the northern lights, found over 90 kilometers above Earth's surface?
Thermosphere
Which of the following best describes the advantages and disadvantages of drip irrigation?
This method most efficiently delivers water directly to plant roots compared with other methods, and wastes less water, but it may be too costly for farmers in developing countries to use.
Which of the following agricultural practices results in soil degradation and most contributes to erosion?
Tilling