APES FINAL
Based on the second law of thermodynamics, how much biomass of phytoplankton would be needed to produce 1 kilogram (kg) of large fish in this food law?
1,000 kg
which of the following best describes a terrestrial ecosystem that will have the highest net primary productivity
Warm temperatures, high rainfall, and consistent sunlight
Which of the following best describes an environmental problem that is often linked to the process of fracking?
Wastewater from fracking operations is injected into porous rock formations, which can induce seismic activity.
based on the graph above, which of the following years post-disturbance had the greatest species richness
100
Which of the following is the approximate projected rate of change in renewable energy consumption from 2010-2040 ?
2.33 quadrillion BTUs per year
based on the graph above, which of the following year's post disturbances did sweetgum experience the greatest biomass
50
The Atlantic Ocean is expanding as a result of plate tectonics. Which of the following explanations best identifies the type of plate boundary and processes occurring at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, as shown in the diagram below?
A divergent plate boundary exists at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge where plates move away from one another, leading to seafloor spreading.
Which of the following best describes how ocean acidification harms coral reefs?
Acidification decreases the amount of carbonate ions, which leads to a decline in the formation of reef infrastructure.
An island off the coast of Africa contains a larger percentage of specialist species than generalist species. Which of the following describes the most immediate effect if an invasive generalist species is introduced to the island? a. as predation increases, the population size of the invasive species generalist will decrease b. as competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease c. as resource are partitioned, the population sizes of both the generalist and the specialist species will increase d. as niches overlap, the invasive species will be outcompeted by the island's specialist species
As competition for resources increases, the population size of the island's specialist species will decrease.
Based on current trends and patterns, which of the following statements best predicts how the human population will change over the next 50 years?
As the population density increases, there will be an increase in disease transmission, leading to increased mortality
Based on the diagram, which of the following describes why the summer solstice in Australia occurs in December and not in June?
At this time of year, the tilt of Earth causes Australia to receive highly concentrated solar radiation.
the majority of the nitrogen on Earth can be found in which of the following reservoirs?
Atmosphere
Which of the following best describes the trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature over the past 800,000 years
Atmospheric CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature are directly correlated over the past 800,000 years.
At what step in the diagram would the last solid waste be removed from the wastewater in the treatment plant?
C
Which of the following geologic profiles would most likely be found at the circled region in the figure?
B. peat, peat, sedimentary rock, igneous rock
which of the following types of organisms are required to complete the nitrogen cycle, including the process of denitrification?
Bacteria
Which of the following are often used for energy storage of wind power?
Batteries
based on the food web shown, which of the following correctly describes the flow of energy through the trophic levels from producers to quaternary consumers
Brittlebrush, grasshopper, grasshopper mouse, rattlesnake, red-tailed hawk
A scientist is studying the correlation between air pollution and cardiovascular disease in humans. Which of the following measures would best show a link between air pollution and cardiovascular disease?
C Occurrences of emergency room visits by individuals with cardiovascular disease on days with a high air quality index value
A scientist wanted to investigate the effect of tropospheric ozone on the respiratory function of mice. Twenty female mice were placed in one of five different field environments that mimicked the natural habitats of the mice. Each environment had a tube connected to it that would pump in a set level of ozone measured in ppm. In each field environment, the scientist measured the average respiratory output for the twenty mice over a three-month time frame.Which of the following describes the independent variable in the experiment?
C The different levels of ozone introduced into the environments
which of the following best describes why carbon dioxide has a significant effect on global climate change?
Carbon dioxide is the largest contributor to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions.
Which of the following is the primary cause of stratospheric ozone depletion?
Chlorine atoms in CFCs
Which of the following correctly identifies both a nonpoint source and a point source of pollution?A) Nonpoint: Industrial smokestack, Point: Waste discharge pipeB) Nonpoint: Agricultural runoff, Point: Urban runoffC) Nonpoint: leaking sanitary landfill, Point: pesticide sprayingD) Nonpoint: urban runoff, Point: city bus exhaust
D) Nonpoint: urban runoff, Point: city bus exhaust
Which of the following best describes the source of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that could accumulate in the tissues of a top predator?
DDT and other pesticides that are sprayed to control for mosquitoes
Which of the following is the most likely impact of thermal pollution from power plants on a river ecosystem?
Decreased oxygen levels because warm water holds less dissolved gas than cold water does
Which of the following is the most likely cause for the warming trend?
Elevated levels of atmospheric CO2
Which of the following best describes the action of endocrine disruptors in organisms?
Endocrine disruptors mimic naturally occurring hormones in animals, leading to developmental disorders.
Various nations have adopted policies designed to combat overfishing. Which of the following approaches is commonly used to combat the problem of overfishing?
Enforcing minimum-size requirements for the capture of some commercial species
Aquaculture or fish farming can be used to increase the availability of species like salmon and shrimp for consumption. Although fish farming can have a number of negative environmental effects, it does offer a number of advantages. Which of the following is a valid reason for promoting the use of fish farms?
Fish production is constant, and fish farming reduces pressure on wild stocks.
Which of the following best describes a potential advantage of using geothermal energy instead of solar farms for power generation?
Geothermal energy can be harnessed without destroying large tracts of habitat, whereas solar farms require large amounts of space.
During a La Niña event, what environmental changes would the tropical Pacific Ocean and its surrounding landmasses most likely experience?
Increased upwelling off the coast of South America resulting in increased productivity of fisheries
The Mississippi watershed is the largest in North America, draining all or part of thirty-two states in the United States and two Canadian provinces. A new apartment complex is being built on a steep slope near the source of the Mississippi River outside of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Which of the following measures should be taken to best reduce erosion at the construction site to protect the Mississippi watershed?
Plant grass and shrubs on the slope.
Which of the following describes the independent variable in this investigation?
Soil samples taken from different locations
Which of the following statements best describes how the Clean Water Act legislation aims to protect wetlands from being lost?
The Clean Water Act requires wetlands to be constructed to mitigate the effect of newly drained wetlands.
Which of the following describes an unintended consequence that results from large-scale agricultural use of water from an aquifer?
The rate of water use likely exceeds the rate of recharge, leading to lowering the water table.
Six white-tailed deer and six sika deer were enclosed in a pasture for observation during an eight-year study in central Texas. White-tailed deer are a native species to central Texas, while sika deer are a nonnative species to central Texas. White-tailed deer feed on flowering plants and the tips of trees and shrubs but do not eat grass. Sika deer feed on flowering plants, the tips of trees and shrubs, and grass. All other grazing animals were kept out of the pasture during the study. The number of sika deer more than doubled after the eight years, while the population of white-tailed deer decreased by 50 percent. Which of the following statements best supports the results from this study?
The sika deer out competed the white-tailed deer in consuming flowering plants and shrubs
Which of the following best explains why the die-off event occurred in the lake following the increased water temperature?
The warm water decreased the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, which led to an increase in the respiration rate of the aquatic organisms.
Which of the following statements best describes the pattern seen an age structure diagram C?
There is an imbalance between males and females, with a ratio of 1.5 men to every woman in the population
Which of the following layers of the atmosphere contains charged gas molecules that glow and produce light when hit by solar energy, leading to glowing gases such as the northern lights, found over 90 kilometers above Earth's surface?
Thermosphere
Which of the following best describes why people in less developed countries use wood as a primary energy source?
Wood, in the form of firewood and charcoal, is often readily available
A team of ecologists is studying four different ecosystems with varying levels of biodiversity. The ecologists categorize the different levels of biodiversity for the four ecosystems as shown in the table below Genetic Diversity. Species Diversity Habitat Diversity Ecosystem A Low Low Medium Ecosystem B. Medium High Medium Ecosystem C High Low Low Ecosystem D. Medium Low High based on the information above, which ecosystem would most likely recover the fastest from a natural disruption?
ecosystem B
Based on the data in the graph, which of the following likely occurred from 1960 to 2015 because of changes in solid waste disposal methods?
A Fewer natural resources needed to be extracted.
Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing global temperature on coral ecosystems?
Algae that live symbiotically with the corals leave the reef, causing coral bleaching.
Which of the following is most responsible for the change in the emissions of volatile organic compounds ( VOC ) from 1970 to 2020 as shown in the graph?
An increase in air emission standards that began in 1970 that regulated corporate average fuel economy ( CAFE ) standards.
Which of the following changes are linked to an increase in ocean water temperature?
An increase in metabolism in marine species and a decrease in dissolved oxygen in ocean water
The Chesapeake Bay is a watershed that is located in six states and the District of Columbia. Which of the following can cause an increase in water pollution in the watershed?
An increase in stormwater runoff in urban areas
Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it? a. an island 30 hectares in size that is 30 km off the coast of the mainland b. an island 30 hectares in size that is 10 km off the coast of the mainland c. an island 10 hectares in size that is 30 km off the coast of the mainland d. an island 10 hectares in size that is 10 km off the coast of the mainland
An island 30 hectares in size that is 10 kilometers off the coast of the mainland
Biocapacity can be defined as the amount of resources available to individuals in a given country at a specific moment in time. Which of the following statements best explains the trends in the above data?
Biocapacity increased because of improved farming techniques on existing farmland, and the ecological deficit increased because of a growing population and more demand for goods.
Which of the following gases has the greatest impact on global climate change as a result of having the highest global warming potential (GWP)
Chlorofluorocarbons
Which of the following best describes the total consumption of all fossil fuels in 2040 compared to the consumption of nuclear energy in 2040?
Consumption of fossil fuels will be approximately 13 times greater than consumption of nuclear energy.
An environmental agency wants to evaluate the effectiveness of rain gardens in reducing the impact of urban runoff from an impervious parking lot and from the roof of the building. The parking lot is slightly sloped so the rainwater flows toward the gardens. The runoff from the roof is collected by various downspouts and directed toward the gardens. Scientists at the agency plan to monitor the effectiveness by measuring the water quality of the storm water as it moves through the gardens during and after storm events.Plant selection is important for a rain garden. Which of the following best describes the types of plants that would be most effective to use in the rain garden in this experimental design to reduce the impact of urban runoff?
Flood-tolerant plant species so that the plants can withstand large pulses of water from storms
Which of the following devices is correctly paired to the air pollutant it would be used to measure?
Gas sensor-CO2
Which of the following combinations correctly identifies and explains the effects of the differences in the distribution of solar radiation on Earth as seen in the diagram above?
Global wind patterns are created because uneven solar radiation results in warm air at low latitudes and cool air at high latitudes, resulting in density differences between the air masses.
Which of the following is an unintended consequence associated with waterlogging caused by flood irrigation?
Higher water tables
Which of the following is a dependent variable in the experiment?
Initial mass of the soil sample
Genetic Diversity. Species Diversity Habitat Diversity Ecosystem A Low Low Medium Ecosystem B. Medium High Medium Ecosystem C High Low Low Ecosystem D. Medium Low High based on the information above, which of the following best describes Ecosystem C
Its low habitat diversity indicates that Ecosystem C most likely has a low number of specialist species and few species that utilize large territories
Based on the diagram, which of the following days in Earth's yearly orbit would have the longest period of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere?
June solstice
Which of the following correctly identifies the sequence of energy conversions that occur in a wind turbine?
Kinetic energy mechanical energy electrical energy
Peru's commercial anchovy industry would most likely be harmed during an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the decline in anchovy during an El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event?
Less nutrient-rich water reaches surface waters, disrupting the food web.
Which characteristic of POPs accounts for their presence in living tissues and in environmental samples?
POPs are released in to the air, water, and land, which allows them to be transported and incorporated in multiple ways.
Which of the following describes the dependent variable in this investigation?
Percentage of each particle size in each soil sample
Which of the following correctly identifies an example of an endocrine disruptor and the effect it might have on the human body?
Phthalates in cosmetics and shampoos reduce fertility.
which of the following best describes the flow of energy in most terrestrial and near-surface marine ecosystems
Producers use energy from the sun to make organic matter, such as sugars, from carbon dioxide and water and are then consumed by organisms higher in the food chain
which of the following statements about the global distribution and use of fossil fuels is best supported by the data on the map?
Saudi Arabia and Australia produce large volumes of fossil fuels with relatively low energy demand.
Which of the following best describes the concept of the tragedy of the commons?
The aim of large logging operations in tropical rain forests is economic gain, rather than sustainability. Therefore, the shared resources in the forest could become depleted
Based on the diagram, which of the following processes most likely caused the bottom-dwelling plants in the lake to die?
The algal bloom prevented sunlight from reaching the bottom-dwelling plants, which reduced the rates of photosynthesis.
Scientists are testing the effect of different scrubber technologies on the removal of pollutants from coal power plants. The scrubbers use a slurry of limestone and water. Which of the following best describes the impact of modifying the slurry by increasing the amount of limestone?
The amount of sulfur dioxide released will decrease.
Which of the following describes the most likely change to terrestrial biomes resulting from warmer average global temperatures
The global distribution of midlatitude biomes, such as grasslands and temperate rain forests, would increase.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an organism that displays a type III survivorship curve, as shown in the graph above?
The organism reproduces large numbers of offspring every time it reproduces
researchers examined the effect of industrialization and increased pollution (soot) in London on the correlation in a single species of moths. Birds prey on the moths that are easily visible on trees. The researchers observed moths on tree trunks and recorded their body color. The percentage of moths with light-colored bodies and the percentage of moths with dark bodies is shown on the graph above. Based on the data in the graph which of the following best describes the change in the population of moths as a result of industrialization?
The percentage of dark colored moths increased in the population and the percentage of light-colored moths decreased in the population
Which of the following best describes environmental damage caused by slash-and-burn farming in tropical rain forests?
The soil loses fertility after a short period of time and will be ineffective for farming use.
An environmental agency wants to evaluate the effectiveness of rain gardens in reducing the impact of urban runoff from an impervious parking lot and from the roof of the building. The parking lot is slightly sloped so the rainwater flows toward the gardens. The runoff from the roof is collected by various downspouts and directed toward the gardens. Scientists at the agency plan to monitor the effectiveness by measuring the water quality of the storm water as it moves through the gardens during and after storm events.Which of the following would be the best measure to use to determine the effectiveness of the rain gardens in reducing the impact of urban runoff?
The speed and volume of the water exiting the gardens
air pollution from a power plant is being monitored for levels of nitrogen dioxide and ground-level ozone. The levels are measured daily at the same time. Which of the following best predicts the impact of a dark and cloudy day on the readings for the levels of air pollutants measured?
There will be an increase in the level of nitrogen dioxide and a decrease in the level of ground-level ozone.
Which of the following best describes why persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic to organisms?
They do not break down easily and can accumulate in the fat tissue of an organism.
which of the following is an example of an ecosystem service that would provide protection from a hurricane storm surge? a. a lock and dam system b. an intact coastal wetland c. an energy-producing tidal barrage system d. an offshore, deep-water fish farm
an intact coastal wetland
which of the boxes represent a carbon source a. vegetation b. sedimentary rock c. ocean d. burning of fossil fuels
burning of fossil fuels
which of the following trophic levels represents a primary producer in an aquatic food chain
phytoplankton
which box represents a carbon sink that holds carbon compounds for the shortest period of time a. vegetation b. sedimentary rock c. ocean d. burning of fossil fuels
vegetation
based on the diagram, which of the following statements about the hydrologic cycle is true
water from the ocean evaporates and condenses in the atmosphere
A temperature grassland biome has a gross primary productivity of 3,480 kcal/meter^2/year and a net primary productivity of 2,000 kcal/meter^2/year. Which of the following is the approximate number of kcal/meter^2/year available to herbivores in that biome
200 kcal/meter^2/year
In addition to a nearby mountain range, which of the following environmental conditions would be required for the process in the diagram to occur?
A cool sea breeze and a high pressure system
Which of the following is a direct economic consequence that would likely occur if an area of forest was clear-cut so that a housing development can be built?
A decrease in the number of game hunting licenses purchased
An urban planner is designing a new urban housing development in a currently rural area near an existing city. The urban development will have five 10-story apartment buildings, two basketball courts, a playground with permeable foam pavers, a 10-acre green space with a small man-made pond, one 5-story parking deck, and direct access to the mass transit train line. Which of the following aspects of the design for this new urban development will best help to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere
Access to the mass transit train line will provide inhabitants an alternative to driving personal vehicles.
The demographic transition model describes population change over time as a country becomes more developed. Age structure diagram's describe how populations are distributed across age ranges. Which of the following age structure diagram's best displays the age ranges in a country that is in stage two of the demographic transition?
An expansive pyramid age-structure diagram
Which of the following statements best summarizes the author's predictions for how humans will meet the future nutritional needs of a growing population using current agricultural technology?
Humans have maximized the crop yield with improving technology and the implementation of modern genetic techniques to further increase crop productivity and resilience in order to meet the demand.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using hydrogen fuel cells?
Hydrogen gas is not readily available on Earth
Which of the following smaller reservoirs of freshwater are missing from the diagram
Ice caps
energy is transferred along food chains from one stage to the next. Which statement best explains how the energy is transferred?
If a primary producer stores 10,000 kcal of energy, then a tertiary consumer will have 10 kcal of energy available
After intensive logging, most of the trees along a stream have been removed. Which of the following water quality changes would most likely occur downstream after logging?
Increased water temperature
Which of the following statements best describes by birth and death rates are changing in a country that is in phase 2 of the demographic transition?
Individuals have better sanitation and access to clean drinking water
Which of the following best describes how a scientist could accurately study the effects of soil buffering on plant growth in a region that is affected by acid deposition downwind of a coal-burning power plant?
Measure the changes in plant height over a year in two different groups of trees the same distance from the power plant; one group is in topsoil and one group is in topsoil with limestone added.
Atmospheric deposition is receiving increased attention in the scientific community, and has become the subject of a specific research area in the environmental sciences. Acid rain is detrimental to our ecosystems and can be measured in several ways. Which of the following methods would best identify changes from acid deposition in an area over time?
Monitoring the long-term chemical and biological parameters of an ecosystem
Based on the map, which of the following best explains the area of the Andes Mountains that would have the greatest number of rivers?
More rivers would be located on the east side of the Andes Mountains because the trade winds are coming from the east.
Natural gas, a nonrenewable fossil fuel, is often seen as an alternative fuel in the worldwide transition to a renewable energy future. Which of the following statements best explains why natural gas is often used as a fuel when countries are transitioning from nonrenewable to renewable energy sources?
Natural gas burns more efficiently and cleanly than other sources of carbon-based fossil fuels, thus contributing to a reduction in atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Which of the following changes would indicate that the countries moving from the second stage into the third stage of demographic transition?
The birth rate declines to 25.3 births per 1000 individuals
which of the following best describes the pattern in the atmospheric CO2 concentration data over the past 200,000 years?
The concentration of CO2 fluctuated between 150ppm and 250ppm until recently, when the concentration rose exponentially.
The green revolution has improved global agricultural output. Which of the following best describes the author's perspective on the beginning of the green revolution in the 1970s and 1980s?
The green revolution was successful because of selective breeding, which improved nutritional value and crop yield to increase food production.
Which of the following statements best describes the boundary between the two tectonic plates seen in the map?
The map illustrates a transform boundary, where tectonic plates slide past each other as the Pacific Plate moves northwest and the North American Plate moves southeast.
The image shows two different islands and the relative distance to the nearest mainland. Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following best predicts the effect of the introduction of an invasive species on Easter Island compared to Madagascar? a. the native species on easter island are more likely to survive bc the island is further away from the mainland b. the native species on Easter island are more likely to survive because the island is so small that there will be limited space for an invasive species to colonize c. the native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources d. the native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the temperature in the Indian Ocean is warmer than that of the Pacific Ocean
The native species on Madagascar are more likely to survive because the island is larger and provides a greater diversity of habitats and resources.
Which of the following statements correctly describes a difference between biomass-fired power plants and traditional fossil-fuel-burning power plants, such as coal-fired plants?
The operational costs of biomass plants are very high when compared with traditional fossil fuel plants
A student claims that soil sample B would be classified as a loam. Which of the following best describes the method used by the student to reach this conclusion?
The student used a soil triangle to determine where the lines intersect for sand, silt, and clay for the soil sample.
Which of the following best identifies a key component of the hydrologic cycle that powers the movement of water and is missing from the diagram?
The sun
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity
Tropical rain forest
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest primary productivity per unit area?
Tropical rain forest
Which of the following best describes an example of resource partitioning in an ecosystem?
Two different bird species feed from the same oak tree; one eats acorns, and the other eats insects in the bark
. A hydrogen fuel cell-powered car driving on a highway is different from gasoline-powered cars because hydrogen fuel cell-powered cars only emit
Water vapor and heat
During an El Niño event, farmers in the southwestern United Stated often benefit from which of the following climatic changes?
Wetter and warmer weather that increases soil moisture
Which of the following correctly identifies the three main characteristics associated with the hole in the ozone layer?
cFCs, South Pole, Ultraviolet
this rate of reaction can be measured in the dark by determining the amount of oxygen gas consumed in a period of time
cellular respiration
At which of the following locations in the nuclear power plant would an accident most likely result in the release of fission products?
containment building
This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth's most biologically diverse marine biome
coral reefs
Genetic Diversity. Species Diversity Habitat Diversity Ecosystem A Low Low Medium Ecosystem B. Medium High Medium Ecosystem C High Low Low Ecosystem D. Medium Low High based on the information above, which ecosystem most likely experienced a recent population bottleneck
ecosystem A, because its low genetic diversity could have resulted from an event that reduced the variation in the gene pool
This biome contains a nutrient-rich environment created by falling leaves and trapped organic materials from the large trees, and it provides the ecosystem service of filtering pollutants from water.
freshwater wetlands
the total rate of photosynthesis in a given area
gross primary productivity
Which of the following density-independent factors can affect the size of a human population
heat waves
what trophic level has the least available energy in kilojoules in this food web?
killer whale
In reef ecosystems, corals often have microalgae living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral gives shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best describes the relationship between the corals and the algae
mutualism
the energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis
net primary productivity
which of the following processes is illustrated by the downward arrows from the atmosphere that show the conversion of nitrogen gas into unstable forms available to producers?
nitrogen fixation
which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulated? a. wood fuel, medicine, and potable water b. pollination, decomposition, and water purification c. recreation, education, and aesthetics d. photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, and creation of soils
pollination, decomposition, and water purification
this freshwater biome is uncharacterized by fast-flowing water that can originate from underground springs or runoff, which carries sediment and organic material
rivers
If a country possesses large oil and gas reserves within its borders, which of the labeled rock types must be present in the underlying geology of the country?
sedimentary rock
Which of the following abiotic factors, when graphed on the x-axis, leads to the curved line in the graph due to variation in the different layers of the atmosphere?
temperature gradients
which of the following biogeochemical cycles includes the processes of buffering ocean pH and photosynthesis, as shown in the diagram
the carbon cycle
which of the following economic consequences to a provisioning ecosystem service will most likely result from increased global warming a. the collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification b. loss of revenue from the oil industry, because of increased oil spills from offshore oil wells c. widespread crop failure, because of increased acid precipitation on agricultural areas d. increased cost for water filtration, because of loss of coastal wetlands
the collapse of local fisheries, because of the damage to coral reefs from ocean acidification
which of the following best describes what is represented by the arrows in the food web?
the flow of energy
Which of the following correctly depicts the nuclear chain reaction that occurs in a nuclear power plant?
the one with all neutrons
which of the following statements is best supported by the diagram of the phosphorous cycle?
the phosphate absorbed by animal tissue through consumption eventually return to the soil
the diagram above best illustrates major processes in which of the following biogeochemical cycles
the phosphorous cycle
Which of the following best describes the change in Antarctic temperature from about 440,000 years ago to about 340,000 years ago?
the temperature increases by about 10 degrees celcius
Farmers in a suburban coastal town started using no-till agriculture, a practice that reduces soil erosion from their farmland. Use the image above to determine which of the following long-term effects no-till agriculture will have on the ecosystem surrounding the farmland
there will be less algal growth in the nearby ocean
based on the graph above, which of the following tree species would be the predominant species found during the intermediate stage of succession
tulip poplar
