(APES Final Review) Chapter 6 Biomes

8. A forest that is located about ____________________ north latitude would have fallen leaves on the forest floor during the fall.

40 degrees

10. Biomes a. contain two ecosystems, hence the name "biome." b. are usually described by their vegetation. c. exist in limited regions of the world. d. All of the above

b

16. Which of the following would you expect to see in the emergent layer of a tropical rain forest? a. grasses, insects, and small succulents b. eagles, bats, and snakes c. lichens, mosses, and dwarf woody plants d. epiphytes, small burrowing mammals, and burrowing toads

b

18. The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees, is called a. altitude. c. longitude. b. latitude. d. magnitude.

b

2. Grasslands, such as the prairies of North America, a. are suitable for corn and wheat, but not suitable for soybeans. b. are threatened by soil erosion because native grasses have been damaged or destroyed by plowing and overgrazing. c. support almost no animal life now that the millions of buffalo that once roamed there are gone. d. support a rich layer of dense grasses because they receive at least 250 cm (100 in.) of rain per year.

b

25. The deforestation of the rain forests may cause climate changes which, in turn, may affect a. acid precipitation. c. smog. b. flooding. d. habitat destruction.

b

3. Which of the following best describes a tropical rain forest? a. dense, thick soil that supports a dense layer of plants on the forest floor b. species of animals with specialized ways of surviving in order to avoid competition c. very few species of trees, due to poor soil quality d. plants and animals that are very similar due to year-round warmth and moisture

b

4. Animals that live in the desert a. hibernate in winter. b. are usually nocturnal. c. usually have thin skin to absorb water. d. include camels, moose, and various reptiles.

b

6. A forest with the greatest species diversity would be located near the ____________________.

equator

7. A forest that receives relatively little rainfall and has acidic soil would be located near the ____________________.

Arctic Circle

9. Animals such as pronghorn, bison, and badgers live on the North American ____________________.

Prairie

1. If you visited a savanna, you would likely see a. large herds of grazing animals, such as rhinos, gazelles, and giraffes. b. a dense forest. c. snow and ice. d. a coastal ecosystem.

a

14. Which of the following adaptations are used by animals of the Arctic tundra? a. Rodents burrow underground for winter protection. b. Deer and foxes use seasonal camouflage. c. Geese and caribou migrate to avoid predators. d. All of the above

a

20. Biomes with higher temperatures and less precipitation tend to have a. shorter and less dense vegetation. c. taller and less dense vegetation. b. taller and denser vegetation. d. shorter and denser vegetation.

a

16. The ____________________ layer of a tropical rain forest receives the most sunlight.

emergent

23. Tropical rain forests are threatened by a. deforestation and the trade of rain forest plants and animals. b. a decrease in the average temperature at the equator. c. a decrease in rainfall at the equator. d. a thinning of the soil.

a

6. The tundra a. has a layer of soil that is permanently frozen beneath the top soil. b. is too cold to support insect life. c. is resistant to environmental damage because it is usually frozen. d. All of the above

a

9. Which of the following is not true about temperate deciduous forests? a. Trees grow lush green leaves in the spring, but lose their leaves in late summer. b. The soil is rich, and plants cover much of the forest floor. c. Animals such as squirrels, bears, and deer find food in the form of nuts, berries, and leaves. d. Both (a) and (b)

a

15. Plants in a particular biome have ____________________ that help them to survive in that biome.

adaptations

22. Tropical rain forests are being destroyed primarily by logging for lumber and to create open land for ____________________.

agriculture

11. Which of the following is an adaptation of coniferous trees in the taiga? a. They have a shallow root system, due to the acidic soil. b. They have leaves that retain water, due to their shape and waxy coating. c. They have a unique overall shape in order to accumulate snow, which acts as a heavy insulating layer. d. All of the above

c

13. Chaparral plants usually survive fires because a. they contain oils that act as natural fire extinguishers. b. water is stored in their small, leathery leaves. c. they can resprout from small amounts of surviving plant tissue. d. they have deep root systems that keep them moist during a fire.

c

15. As you travel from the North Pole toward the equator, you would expect to see a. tropical rain forests, then deserts, then taiga. b. temperate deciduous forests, then taiga, then tropical rain forests. c. tundra, then grasslands, then tropical rain forests. d. taiga, then desert, then tundra.

c

17. All of the following are characteristics of temperate rain forests except a. high humidity and moderate temperatures. b. abundant mosses, ferns, and lichens. c. low rainfall in summer but abundant snow in winter. d. large evergreen trees, such as Sitka spruce and Douglas fir.

c

5. Deserts are a. covered with sand and contain no plant life. b. found only in North America. c. often formed on the dry side of mountain ranges. d. never located in cooler climates.

c

7. Taiga is a. a cold, treeless, desert-like biome found near the North and South Poles. b. found mostly in Africa. c. a forest biome dominated by coniferous trees, such as pine, fir, and spruce. d. a dry, rocky biome found in the central part of South America.

c

20. A common adaptation of animals living in the chaparral is ____________________.

camouflage

23. Most of the animals in the tropical rain forest live in the ____________________ layer, where fruits and flowers are abundant.

canopy

10. Most ____________________ plants are low-lying evergreen shrubs and trees with small, leathery leaves.

chaparral

12. Adaptations demonstrated by plants in tropical rain forests include a. trees with aboveground roots called buttresses, which increase stability. b. orchids and vines that use tall tree trunks for support. c. herbs with large flat leaves located in the understory. d. All of the above

d

19. The main factor that determines what type of plants grow in a biome is a. temperature. c. altitude. b. precipitation. d. Both (a) and (b)

d

21. You are walking through a forest that gets large amounts of rain, has high humidity, and has moderate temperatures year-round. Where might you be located? a. somewhere near the equator b. somewhere near the Arctic Circle c. in a forest with the greatest species diversity d. the Pacific Northwest

d

22. Which of the following is located primarily in coastal areas that have Mediterranean-style climates with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters? a. tallgrass prairie c. tundra b. savanna d. chaparral

d

24. Adaptations of desert animals that help them survive in the hot, dry desert often include a. searching for water at midday. b. thin skin that readily absorbs water. c. large, bulky size to retain body heat on cold nights. d. searching for food at night.

d

8. Which of the following statements is not correct? a. Grasslands have rich soil that supports abundant plant life. b. The tundra is a fragile biome because conditions are severe, and the ecosystem is easily disrupted. c. Chaparral fires are beneficial because they destroy trees that compete for light and space. d. Tropical rain forests are resistant to change because the plants contain so many nutrients.

d

17. Plants that have adaptations, such as rhizomes, for surviving harsh winters would most likely be found in a temperate ____________________ forest.

deciduous

1. Animals that burrow would most likely be found in a(n) ____________________ biome.

desert

3. A(n) ____________________ biome has an annual rainfall of less than 25 cm.

desert

13. Many forest biomes are experiencing ____________________ destruction, when land inhabited by an organism is destroyed or altered.

habitat

11. In the tundra, the frozen layer of soil just beneath the surface is called the ____________________.

permafrost

18. During harsh winters, animals of the ____________________ have adaptations such as the ability to change color to avoid predators.

taiga

19. The climate of a biome is determined mostly by average ____________________ and precipitation.

temperature

2. The incredibly diverse vegetation in ______________________________ is responsible for the evolution of numerous highly specialized animal species.

tropical rain forests

4. Biomes found up to 30 degrees north or south of the equator are often ______________________________.

tropical rain forests

5. A(n) ______________________________ biome receives 200 to 450 cm of rain per year.

tropical rain forests

12. Due to extreme temperature conditions and simple, easily disrupted food chains, the ____________________ is very sensitive to human disturbance.

tundra

14. Biomes are classified and often named according to their ____________________, which determines which other organisms that can live there.

vegetation

21. Vegetation in biomes where ____________________ is scarce consists predominantly of short trees, shrubs, and grasses.

water