Apes unit 3
Population change is calculated using which of the following formulas?
(births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)
Based on the trends shown in the table, in which of the following years was the owl population at carrying capacity?
2015
Based on the data in the graph, what was the average number of children born per woman in less-developed regions in 1975?
4.7
In a given country, the population size is decreasing because there are fewer prereproductive-aged individuals in the population. Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates the population of this country?
A top-heavy age structure diagram, like the one for Charlotte County, Florida, as shown in the figure, illustrates a declining population size because the number of prereproductive- and reproductive-aged individuals is low.
Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship?
Intestinal bacteria inhabit the gut of humans.
What circumstance would decrease the likelihood of a couple having a child?
Opportunities for women to participate in education and employment
In a fish species, the number of eggs that hatch and survive for one year varies depending on the number of eggs that were produced. As the number of eggs produced increases past a threshold number, the survival rate of the offspring decreases. Which of the following statements best explains why only a limited number of offspring can survive in a fish population?
The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings.
Which of the age structure diagrams best illustrates a county that has a stable population size and slow or no population growth?
The column-shaped diagram indicates population stability.
Which of the following claims is best supported by the data shown in the table above?
The owl population experienced population overshoot between 1995 and 2000 because of increased competition for resources.
Which of the following statements best describes the pattern seen in age structure diagram C?
There is an imbalance between males and females, with a ratio of 1.5 men to every woman in the population.
Which of the following best describes the trends seen in the total fertility rates for the world population from 1950 to the projected rates in 2040?
Total fertility rates declined rapidly from 1960 to 2000 because women had children later in life as a result of increased educational opportunities.
Stable Growth
What kind of growth is this country experiencing?
The text suggests that one key demographic statistic is the percentage of people in a region that are under 15 years of age. Why is this statistic important?
Young people are poised to move into their prime reproductive years.
Which of the following exhibits primary succession?
a rock exposed by a retreating glacier
In developing countries, demographic transition is least likely to be hindered by ____.
an increase in education opportunities for women
The maximum population of a given species that a particular habitat can sustain indefinitely is the definition of
carrying capacity
What is the most common distribution of populations?
clumped
Bats prey on certain species of moths by using high frequency echolocation to locate their prey. Certain moths have evolved ears that can hear these frequencies allowing them to escape. This is an example of ____.
coevolution
What is the most common interaction between species?
competition
What concept describes the maximum number of people who can live in reasonable comfort and freedom indefinitely?
cultural carrying capacity
According to the population pyramid of this country, its population is most likely... (Rainbow)
growing rapidly.
Which of the following variables increase population size?
immigration
Two useful indicators of overall health in a country or region are ____.
life expectancy and infant mortality rate
An age structure diagram plots the number or percentage of ____.
males and females among age groups in a population
The relationship between bacteria that live in the digestive systems of animals, such as humans, is ____.
mutualism
A group of interbreeding individuals of the same species in the same geographic region is called a(n) ____.
population
Kelp forests are a very important ecosystem in marine waters by supporting important biodiversity. These kelp forests are threatened by all of the following except ____.
southern sea otters
The capacity to withstand external stress and disturbance is called ____.
stability