APSY 220 - Chapter 9

What percentage of young women and teens in the United States is clinically bulimic?

1 to 3 percent

Ten years after the usual age for graduating high school, _____ percent of U.S. young adults have earned a bachelor's degree.

37

In what way does weight affect puberty?

Excess weight results in earlier puberty for females.

_____ are produced in the body and conveyed via the bloodstream. They regulate a person's hunger, sleep, moods, stress, sexual desire, immunity, reproduction, and many other bodily reactions.

Hormones

The individual who engages in hypothetical thought clearly demonstrates an understanding of the word:

If

Which statement about the use of the Internet and other forms of technology is NOT accurate?

Internet use increases isolation.

Which statement about the Internet and sexual abuse is TRUE?

Most teens avoid sexual predators online.

In what way does stress affect puberty?

Stress increases the hormones that start puberty.

Sophia is a 17-year-old girl. Which statement is TRUE about body fat for Sophia?

The average 17-year-old girl has twice the percentage of body fat as a 17-year-old boy.

Which is among the body changes in adolescence that increase physical endurance?

The heart doubles in size.

Twelve-year-old José noticed his teacher walk right past him in class today without looking at him. The teacher stopped at the desk behind José and told his classmate Jana that she did a good job on her exam yesterday. José interpreted his teacher's behavior as proof that his teacher hates him. This conclusion is likely reflective of:

adolescent egocentrism.

The MOST recently recognized eating disorder is:

binge-eating disorder

Most cognitive psychologists recognize that there are two modes of thought. Which term is used to denote an easier, everyday mode of thinking?

emotional

One sign of stress during adolescence is:

externalizing behaviors by blaming others.

Reggie has convinced himself that middle school is stupid and therefore not worth his time. His avoidance of any effort towards his schoolwork is MOST likely protecting Reggie from:

feeling like a failure

Paloma, who is in the twelfth grade, must make a certain score on the SAT in order to get into the college she wishes to attend next fall. The SAT is considered a(n) _____ test.

high stakes

In the brain, the pituitary gland and a structure called the _____ regulate hormones that affect stress, appetite, and sleep.

hypothalamus

An advantage to _____ thought is that it is quick and powerful.

intuitive

The adolescent's belief that he or she cannot be overcome or even harmed by anything that might defeat a normal mortal is called the:

invincibility fable

Anne Marie is menstruating, which depletes her body of _____.

iron

Kindell is 13 years old and in the middle of his adolescent growth spurt. He is undertaking an intense program of athletic and weight training at his school. To minimize Kindell's chance of injury, Kindell's coach designs a program based on Kindell's size (or estimated size):

last year.

Intuitive thought begins with a belief, assumption, or general rule, rather than:

logic

Rosanna is 13 years old and is experiencing cyberbullying. According to the text, the imaginary audience can:

magnify her shame

One longitudinal study that examined the brain scans of both teenagers and adults concluded that the brain scans of the teenagers:

may look like adult scans but are not as cognitively developed as adult brains.

Margie is planning her daughter's 16th birthday party and trying not to cry, thinking how her daughter seems to be growing up too fast. She is using the part of her brain that is called the:

prefrontal cortex

The parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction are called:

primary sex characteristics

Melinda had four years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation during her high school years, ending her childhood. This is called:

puberty

Chantrese, who is 16 years old, is aware that racism exists. She is MOST likely to believe that racism exists because:

racism is a society-wide problem.

Which factor may contribute to the academic decline seen in middle school?

scarce age-compatible opportunities for after-school activities

In primary school, children multiply real numbers. However, in secondary education adolescents multiply unreal numbers. This is an example of the:

shift from concrete operational thought to formal operational thought in adolescence.

Which complication is associated with teen pregnancy?

spontaneous abortion

The risk of anorexia increases when:

teens have a close family member who has an eating disorder or depression.

Betsy is starting college in the fall. This new phase of her schooling is called _____ education.

tertiary

Bonnie loves to dress eccentrically, dyes her hair wild colors, and has a lot of facial piercings. She believes that everyone is looking at her when she goes out in public. Bonnie's example illustrates:

the imaginary audience

The need for teenagers to look and behave a certain way is MOST related to:

the imaginary audience

Which BEST explains why teens engage in behavior that they know puts them at risk?

the invincibility fable

Fourteen-year-old Tajuana became very emotional when her parents rejected her request to go on a date with a high school senior. Her parents' attempts to discuss their reasons for not permitting the date were ignored and Tajuana refuses to discuss the issue. Tajuana's emotional response and refusal to listen and discuss the reasons for her parents' decision is due to:

the limbic system maturing before the prefrontal cortex

Sixteen-year-old Yung Sun has been dating Marcus for two months. She believes that no one has ever been in love as much as she is in love with Marcus. She is insulted whenever her parents tell her that the relationship probably won't last. Yung Sun's feelings are an example of:

the personal fable

Sixteen-year-olds David and DeAndre impulsively decided to sneak into their high school's gym to play basketball at 1 A.M. on a Sunday. They were caught and suspended by the school for two days. According to the text, what may explain their thrill-seeking behavior?

the prefrontal cortex is not fully yet matured