APUSH CH 14

samuel slater

"Father of the Factory System" in America; escaped Britain with the memorized plans for the textile machinery; put into operation the first spinning cotton thread in 1791.

cyrus mccormick

(1809-1884) American inventor and industrialist, he invented the mechanical reaper and harvesting machine that quickly cut down wheat.

erie canal

..., A canal between the New York cities of Albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825. The canal, considered a marvel of the modern world at the time, allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West.

Robert Fulton

1765-1815) American engineer and inventor, he built the first commercially successful full-sized steamboat, the Clermont, which lead to the development of commercial steamboat ferry services for goods and people

commonwealth vs hunt

1842 in Massachusetts; First judgement in the United States that recognized that the conspiracy law is inapplicable to unions and that strikes for a closed shop are legal. Unions are not responsible for the illegal acts of their members.

reaper

A machine that cuts grain standing in the field.

domestic feminism

A term used by American historians to describe how women's authority was, beginning the mid-19th century, situated within the "separate sphere" of the home. This emerging discourse allowed (primarily) northern, middle class, white women to connect new ideas about gender roles within the family to their growing participation in abolitionism.

agricultural revolution

A time when new inventions such as the seed drill and the steel plow made farming easier and faster. The production of food rose dramatically.

canals

Artificial waterways that were built because waterways were the cheapest way to transport goods

market revolution

Dramatic increase between 1820 and 1850 in the exchange of goods and services in market transactions. Resulted from thee combo impact of the increased output of farms and factories, the entrepreneurial activities of traders and merchants, and the dev of a transportation network of roads, canals and RR.

textile industry

First industry to use large scale mass production during the Industrial Revolution

dewitt clinton

Governor of New York who started the Erie Canal project. His leadership helped complete the canal, which boosted the economy greatly by cutting time traveled from west New York to the Hudson.

lowell massachusetts

Grew to be the second largest city in New England with the arrival of the Boston Manufacturing Company. Famous historical site where women worked in mills and slept in company boarding houses. Located on the Merrimack River.

child labor

In the late 1800s a significant portion of the labor force was made up of children under the age of 15, some as young as 5 years old. These child laborers did not attend school. They worked in sweat shops which were workshops in tenements rather than factories.

steamboat

Robert Fulton invented in 1807, a boat that moves by the power of a steam engine, made it easier and quicker to travel goods

subsistence farming

farming in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced

wage slaves

working people whose hours were long, wages low, and meals skimpy. treated as expendable