APUSH CH 15-A

The Alabama Claims were monetary claims by A) Americans against the British B) Americans against the French C) the federal government against the state of Alabama D) whites against blacks who expropriated their land E) blacks who demanded war reparations

A) Americans against the British

The first Civil Rights Act passed by Congress in 1866 A) all of the answers below B) declared blacks to be citizens of the United States C) empowered the federal government to intervene in a state's affairs to protect civil rights D) was vetoed by President Johnson E) restricted former Confederate officials' ability to hold office

A) all of the answers below

The Credit Mobilier scandal involved A) fraudulent construction contracts for the Union Pacific Railroad B) illegal tax stamps for whiskey distillers C) bribery by employees of the Indian Bureau to retain their jobs D) favorable interest rates for land speculators E) illegal sale of government bonds

A) fraudulent construction contracts for the Union Pacific Railroad

The purpose of the Black Codes was to A) guarantee white supremacy in the South B) protect newly freed blacks C) prevent former slaves from moving to the North D) guarantee black civil rights E) promote wider voting rights in the South

A) guarantee white supremacy in the South

The most positive accomplishment of Reconstruction in the South was A) improving public education B) eliminating corruption in state governments C) securing civil rights for blacks D) reducing the power of the Southern elite E) resolving racial prejudice in the South

A) improving public education

During Reconstruction, the per capita income for Southern blacks A) increased substantially B) increased moderately C) remained about the same D) decreased substantially E) decreased gradually

A) increased substantially

President Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction can best be described as A) mild B) harsh C) poorly planned D) popular with Radical Republicans E) radical

A) mild

To intimidate and subjugate newly freed blacks during Reconstruction, Southern whites used all of the following tactics except A) whites forced the blacks into ghettos so that they could be better controlled B) whites formed secret and quasi-secret organizations that used terror to prevent the blacks from voting C) local merchants denied credit to blacks who voted Republican D) planters refused to rent land to Republican blacks E) redeemer governments encouraged the end of black suffrage

A) whites forced the blacks into ghettos so that they could be better controlled

Radical Reconstruction officially began when A) Lincoln was assassinated B) Congress reconvened in December, 1865 C) Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 D) blacks were given the vote in the South E) Jefferson Davis was released from prison

B) Congress reconvened in December, 1865

When the Confederate armies surrendered, A) a peace treaty was signed between the North and the South officially ending the hostilities B) Lincoln would allow no formal peace treaty to be signed between the Confederate and federal governments C) each seceding state had to sign a separate peace treaty with the federal government D) only those seceding states that were still at war with the United States in 1865 had to sign a peace treaty E) Lincoln supported immediate readmission of Southern states

B) Lincoln would allow no formal peace treaty to be signed between the Confederate and federal governments

The former Confederate state that escaped most of Radical Reconstruction was A) Texas B) Tennessee C) Kentucky D) Florida E) Alabama

B) Tennessee

The Amendment to the Constitution that ended the practice of slavery throughout the United States was the A) Twelfth B) Thirteenth C) Fourteenth D) Fifteenth E) Sixteenth

B) Thirteenth

Before the end of the Civil War, the Reconstruction plan advanced by Congress in opposition to Lincoln's "Ten Percent Plan" was the A) Sumner Act of 1864 B) Wade-Davis Bill C) Compromise of 1864 D) Military Reconstruction Act E) Crittenden Compromise

B) Wade-Davis Bill

Ulysses S. Grant is considered to have been A) a good, but not quite great, president B) a failure as president C) a good president who had bad advisors D) an adequate, if unimaginative, president E) a president who diminished corruption in Washington

B) a failure as president

When Andrew Johnson was impeached, the House had A) recessed for the summer B) accused him of a crime C) convicted him of a crime D) removed him from office E) refused to accuse him of specific wrongdoing

B) accused him of a crime

After the House impeached Andrew Johnson, his trial in the Senate ended in A) a conviction B) an acquittal C) a deadlock D) his resignation E) his removal from office

B) an acquittal

The Congressional Reconstruction Acts of 1867 A) formed the Freedman's Bureau B) divided the South into military districts C) excluded blacks from voting D) allowed former Confederates to hold public office E) excluded white Southerners from voting

B) divided the South into military districts

The Republican Congress responded to the establishment of Black Codes in the South by A) nominating Charles Sumner for president B) extending the life of the Freedmen's Bureau C) withdrawing Union troops from the South D) offering to back off passage of the Civil Rights Bill E) jailing governors from every Southern state

B) extending the life of the Freedmen's Bureau

The unique feature of President Andrew Johnson's plan for Reconstruction was A) amnesty for former Republicans B) individual pardons for wealthy Southerners C) ratification of the abolition of slavery D) appointment of provisional governors E) suffrage for all male ex-slaves

B) individual pardons for wealthy Southerners

Republican Reconstruction governments were supported by all of the following groups except A) scalawags B) redeemers C) freedmen D) carpetbaggers E) Southern African-Americans

B) redeemers

All of the following actions by Andrew Johnson angered Congress except A) the veto of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 B) the appointment of a Southerner to the Supreme Court C) the dismissal of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton D) the veto of the Freedmen's Bureau Act E) the consistent resistance of radical Republican ideas

B) the appointment of a Southerner to the Supreme Court

During Reconstruction, educational reform was promoted by all of the following groups except A) the Freedmen's Bureau B) private Northern philanthropic organizations C) Southern Democrats D) Northern Republicans E) Southern African-Americans

C) Southern Democrats

During Reconstruction, no Southern black was elected to A) the U.S. Senate B) the U.S. Congress C) a state governorship D) a state lieutenant governorship E) the U.S. House of Representatives

C) a state governorship

The supporters of greenbacks wanted to A) raise the value of the dollar B) increase the value of debts C) inflate the currency D) keep the country on the gold standard E) decrease the amount of currency in the economy

C) inflate the currency

Instead of using the term Reconstruction for his program for the South, Andrew Johnson called it A) realignment B) readmittance C) restoration D) redemption E) reclamation

C) restoration

The first official definition of citizenship was included in A) the Civil Rights Act of 1866 B) President Johnson's 1867 Address to the Nation C) the Fourteenth Amendment D) the Fifteenth Amendment E) the Emancipation Proclamation

C) the Fourteenth Amendment

A key factor in Ulysses S. Grant's victory in the presidential election of 1868 was A) his experience as a party boss during the Civil War B) Grant's new popularity with white Southerners C) the huge black vote for Grant in the South D) the lack of bitterness expressed in the campaign E) Grant's long career of political experience

C) the huge black vote for Grant in the South

Reconstruction of the South after the Civil War was viewed by the victorious Northerners as A) a means by which the industrial capacity of the South could be rebuilt B) the best means by which poor whites could be given positions of power in the South C) the only way the South could be prevented from restoring their pre-Civil War society D) a necessary evil, to be done away with as soon as possible E) a chance to reestablish the power of the planter aristocracy

C) the only way the South could be prevented from restoring their pre-Civil War society

Radical Republicans in Congress believed that reconstructing the South should include all of the following measures except A) the punishment of civil and military leaders of the Confederacy B) the disenfranchisement of large numbers of Southern whites C) the permanent occupation of the South by the Union Army D) the protection of the legal rights of blacks E) the confiscation of property from wealthy Southerners

C) the permanent occupation of the South by the Union Army

By the end of Reconstruction, the majority of Southern blacks A) owned their own land B) worked for wages C) were tenant farmers D) had migrated to the North E) moved to cities in the North

C) were tenant farmers

The provisions of the Fifteenth Amendment gave the right to vote to A) Chinese B) women C) Indians D) blacks E) former Confederate leaders

D) blacks

Prior to the Civil War, minstrel shows A) provided entertainment only for slaves B) featured mostly African-American performers C) provided a forum for black portrayals of authentic African-American culture D) contained ridiculous and ignorant portrayals of African-American culture E) included few racial themes or stereotypes

D) contained ridiculous and ignorant portrayals of African-American culture

Grant's administration developed substantial opposition because A) he vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1867 B) he opposed the Reconstruction policies of Congress C) he tried to destroy the party bosses and their machines D) he allowed corruption to develop in his administration E) he ordered the withdrawal of troops from the South

D) he allowed corruption to develop in his administration

The Tenure of Office Act was designed to A) protect the jobs of Congressional aides B) initiate civil service reform C) limit the number of times a Congressman could be reelected D) prohibit the president from removing cabinet members without the Senate's approval E) encourage the election of black public officials

D) prohibit the president from removing cabinet members without the Senate's approval

The Specie Resumption Act of 1875 provided that greenbacks would be A) replaced with war bonds B) inflated to help debtors C) declared illegal D) redeemed for gold certificates E) designated as currency in the South only

D) redeemed for gold certificates

To many Northerners, the murder of Abraham Lincoln A) had little effect on the way that they viewed Reconstruction B) ensured that Andrew Johnson would present a radical reconstruction plan C) indicated that there were divisions within the Republican party D) seemed to indicate a large conspiracy on the part of the defeated South E) was believed to have been committed by someone other than John Wilkes Booth

D) seemed to indicate a large conspiracy on the part of the defeated South

During 1865 and 1866, Northern opinion grew hostile toward the South because of all of the following developments except A) the passage of the Black Codes B) the election of former Confederates to Congress C) the bloody race riots in several Southern cities D) the assassination of a number of Southern Republican governors E) the reluctance of Southern conventions to abolish slavery

D) the assassination of a number of Southern Republican governors

The Panic of 1873 A) lasted for eight years B) affected the South more than other sections of the country C) finally ended with the recall of all greenbacks from circulation D) was the worst depression that the United States had experienced up until that time E) resulted in the election of Ulysses S. Grant

D) was the worst depression that the United States had experienced up until that time

Black freedmen attempted to exercise their rights by all of the following methods except A) participating in politics B) organizing their own religious groups C) striving to obtain an education D) serving as delegates to constitutional conventions E) advocating their colonization in Africa

E) advocating their colonization in Africa

The era of Reconstruction can best be described as A) a period of vicious and tyrannical rule of the South by the North B) a time of drastic reform C) an era of growth for the Southern middle class D) the physical rebuilding of the South E) an important first step toward civil rights

E) an important first step toward civil rights

The Freedmen's Bureau eventually had all of the following powers except A) distributing food B) establishing schools C) settling labor disputes D) assisting poor whites E) creating a welfare system

E) creating a welfare system

In the aftermath of emancipation, most African-Americans wanted all of the following improvements in their lives except A) independence from white control B) legal protection of their rights C) their own cultural institutions, such as churches D) the opportunity for social advancement E) desegregated schools and fraternal societies

E) desegregated schools and fraternal societies

The crop lien system that developed in the South during Reconstruction involved all of the following factors except A) it forced the farmers to rely on the growth of cash crops B) it contributed to the decline of Southern agriculture C) it featured high interest rates D) blacks worked fewer hours than they had during slavery E) it was administered primarily by country banks

E) it was administered primarily by country banks

Republicans Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner urged that A) the government be lenient in dealing with the defeated South B) reconstruction should not include the right to vote for blacks C) President Johnson be given unchecked powers D) former Confederates be given blanket amnesty E) large numbers of Southern whites be disenfranchised

E) large numbers of Southern whites be disenfranchised