APUSH ch 19

Harriet Beecher Stowe

"The little woman who wrote the book that made this great (Civil) war"

The fictional tale of a black slave's vicious treatment by the cruel Simon Legree touches millions of northern hearts and creates stronger opposition to slavery

1

Lincoln made a strong effort to get the south to accept the Crittenden Compromise in order to avoid a civil war

False- Lincoln did not support the crittenden compromise, mainly because his campaign was built on not expanding slavery

In the Lincoln Douglas debates, Lincoln's criticisms forced Douglas to back away from his support for popular sovereignty and the solution to the slavery question in the west

False- forced Douglas to reinforce his position on popular sovereignty

The Dred Scott decision upheld the doctrine of popular sovereignty that the people of each territory should determine whether or not to permit slavery

False- it said it was illegal to outlaw slavery in the territories

Hinton Helper's "The Impending Crisis of the SOuth" stirred slaveholders' wrtath by predicting that the slaves would eventually rise up in revolt

False- said that slavery was hurting the poor non-slave-owning whites

Northern Democrats walked out of the Democratic party convention in 1860 when southerners nominated VP John Breckenridge for president

False- southerns walked out when northerners nominated Douglas (?)

John Brown

Fanatical and bloody-minded abolitionist martyr admired in the North and hated in the South

Jefferson Davis

Former US senator who, in 1861, became president of the Confederate States of America

Election of 1860

Four way race for the presidency that resulted in the election of a sectional minority president (Lincoln won, other candidates=Breckenridge, Bell, Douglas)

The presidential candidate of the new Constitutional Union party in 1860 was...

John Bell

Stephen A. Douglas

Leading northern Democrat whose presidential hopes fell victim to the conflict over slavery

The election of Lincoln as president...

Moved SC to declare immediate secession from the Union

Constitutional Union Party

Newly formed, middle of the road party of elderly politicians that sought compromise in 1860, but only carried 3 border states

Beecher's Bibles

Nickname for rifles paid for by New England abolitionists and brought to Kansas by antislavery pioneers

Henry Ward Beecher

Preacher-abolitionist who funded weapons for antislavery pioneers in Kansas

John C. Fremont

Romantic western hero and the first Republican candidate for president

Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas

Scene of militant abolitionist John Brown's massacre of proslavery men in 1856

Panic of 1857

Sharp economic decline that increased northern demands for a high tariff and convinced southerners that the north was economically vulnerable

Harpers Ferry, VA

Site of a federal arsenal where a militant abolitionist attempted to start a slave rebellion

Preston Brooks

Southern congressman whose bloody attack on a Northern senator fueled sectional hatred

Hinton R. Helper

Southern-born author whose book attacking slavery's effects on whites aroused northern opinion

Freeport Doctrine

Stephen Douglas' assertion in the Lincoln-Douglas debates that, despite the Dred Scott decision, the people of a territory could block slavery by refusing to pass legislation enforcing it

Congressman Preston Brooks beat Senator Charles Sumner nearly to death on the Senate floor because...

Sumner had used abusive language to describe the South and a SC senator

Bleeding Kansas

Term that described the prairie territory where a small scale civil war between abolitionists and proslavery border ruffians erupted in 1856

Lecompton Constitution

Trickery proslavery document designed to bring Kansas into the Union; blocked by Steven A. Douglas

After Congressman Preston Brooks nearly beat Senator Charles Sumner to death on the Senate floor, SC reelected Brooks and MA reelected Sumner

True

Although Republican John C. Fremont lost the presidency to Democrat James Buchanan, the election of 1856 demonstrated the growing power of the new antislavery party

True

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin proved to be the most influential publication in arousing the northern and European public against the evils of slavery

True

Seven states seceded and formed the Confederate States of America during the "lame-duck period" between Lincoln's election and his inauguration

True

The election of 1860 was really just 2 campaigns, Lincoln vs Douglas int he North and Bell vs Breckenridge in the South

True

The overwhelming support for Lincoln in the North gave him a majority of the total popular vote despite winning almost no votes in the south

True

The south was enraged by many northerners' celebration of John Brown as a martyr

True

The violence in Kansas was provoked by both radical abolitionists and militant proslavery forces who sought to control the territory

True

James Buchanan

Weak democratic president whose manipulation by proslavery forces divided his own party

Harpers Ferry

Western Virginia town where a violent abolitionist seized a federal arsenal in hopes of sparking a widespread slave rebellion

In ruling on the Dred Scott case, the US Supreme Court...

argued that Congress could not prohibit slavery in federal territories

As a result of the Panic of 1857, the South...

believed that it was economically superior to the North

James Buchanan won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1856 because he...

could distance himself and the Democrats from the Kansas-Nebraska Act

Lincoln's rejection of the Crittenden Compromise...

ended the last hopes of a peaceable sectional settlement and an end to secession

Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because...

he had been elected on a platform that opposed the extension of slavery

The financial and economic collapse of 1857 increased Northern anger at the South's refusal to support...

higher tariffs and free western homesteads for farmers

The Dred Scott case...

infuriated republicans and made them determined to defy the supreme court

Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin...

intended to show the cruelty of slavery

Lincoln rejected the proposed Crittenden Compromise primarily because...

it left open the possibility that slavery could expand south into Mexico, Central America, or the Caribbean

The fanatical abolitionist John Brown made his first entry into violent antislavery politics by...

killing 5 pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas

The exercise of popular sovereignty in Kansas...

led to a mini prairie civil war between proslavery and antislavery factions

The 1858 Illinois senate race...

made Lincoln a leading national Republican figure and hurt Douglas' presidential chances

Hinton R. Helper's book, The Impending Crisis of the South, argued that those who suffered most from slave labor were...

nonslaveholding southern whites

Southerners were particularly enraged by the John Brown affair because...

northerners' celebration of Brown as a martyr seemed to indicate that their support for slave insurrection (uprising)

Buchanan's support for the proslavery Lecompton Constitution...

offended senator Douglas and divided the Democratic party

During the campaign of 1860, Abraham Lincoln and the Republican party...

opposed the expansion of slavery but did not threaten to attack slavery in the South

The "lame duck" period and Buchanan's indecisiveness...

paralyzed the North while the southern secessionist movement gained momentum

Lame duck

period between Lincoln's election and his inauguration, during which the ineffectual President Buchanan passively stood by as seven states seceded

H.B. Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin...

persuaded millions of northerners and Europeans that slavery was evil and should be eliminated

The Lecompton Constitution proposed that the state of Kansas...

protect slave owners already in Kansas

In the Dred Scott Decision, the supreme court...

ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in any of the territories because slaves were private property of which owners could not be deprived

Within two months after the election of Lincoln...

seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America

The splitting of the Democratic party in 1860...

shattered one of the last links between the sections and almost guaranteed Lincoln's victory in 1860

Montgomery, AL

site where seven seceding states united to declare their independence from the US

Hinton R. Helper's "The Impending Crisis of the South" contended that...

slavery did great harm to the poor whites of the South

Stephen A. Douglas argued, in his Freeport Doctrine, during the Lincoln Douglas debates that...

slavery would stay down if the people voted it down

In the Campaign of 1860, the Democratic party...

split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate

The election of 1856 was most noteworthy for...

the dramatic rise of the Republican party

The crucial Freeport question that Lincoln demanded that Douglas answer during their debates was whether..

the people of a territory could prohibit slavery in light of the Dred Scott case

Secessionists supported leaving the Union for all of the following reasons except...

they believed that Republicans had been infiltrating their political ranks (The did support it because they were dismayed bu the success of the Republican party, they believed that the North would not oppose their departure, the political balance seemed to be tipping against them, and they were tired of abolitionist attacks)

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin...

was strongly rooted in religiously based antislavery sentiments

Dred Scott

Black slave whose unsuccessful attempt to win his freedom deepened the sectional controversy

As submitted to Congress, the Lecompton Constitution was designed to...

Bring Kansas into the Union, while making it impossible to prohibit slavery there

John C. Breckenridge

Buchanan's VP, nominated for president by breakaway southern democrats in 1860

Dred Scott v. Stanford (Dred Scott decision)

Controversial Supreme court ruling that blacks had no civil or human rights and that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories

John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry....

Convinced southerners that the North generally supported murder and slave rebellion

Southerners were especially enraged by abolitionists' funding of antislavery settlers in Kansas because...

Douglas' Kansas-Nebraska act had seemed to imply that Kansas would become a free state

Prosouthern Kansas pioneers brought numerous slaves with them in order to guarantee that kansas would not become a free state

False

Senator Steven A. Douglas' support for the proslavery Lecompton Constitution demonstrated that the Democratic Party was completely beholden to its Southern Wing

False- Douglas opposed it, democratic party was split over slavery issue

A newly organized territory becomes a bloody battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces

2

A black slave's attempt to win freedom produces a controversial Supreme Court decision

3

The hanging of a fanatically violent abolitionist makes him a martyr in the North and a hated symbol in the South

4

A black Republican whose minority sectional victory in a presidential election provokes southern secession

5

A group of states calling itself a new southern nation declares its Independence and chooses its first president

6

The Impending Crisis of the South

A book by a southern writer that argued that slavery was most oppressive for poor whites

Crittenden Amendments

A last-ditch plan to save the Union by guaranteeing that slavery would be preotected in territories lying south of the line 36°30'

Confederate states of America

A new nation that proclaimed its independence in Montgomery, AL, in February 1861

Uncle Tom's Cabin

A powerful evangelical antislavery novel that altered the course of American politics

Charles Sumner

Abolitionist senator whose verbal attack on the South provokes a physical assault that severely injured him

American Party/Know-nothing party

Anti-immigrant party headed by former president Millard Fillmore that competed with Republicans and Democrats in the election of 1856