APUSH First Exam Semester (part 3)
During the Gilded Age, which of the following groups generally voted Republican? A.) Black northerners B.) Southern Protestant farmers C.) Roman Catholic immigrants D.) Unskilled wage earners E.) Confederate war veterans
A.) Black northerners
The decisions of the Supreme Court in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries generally did which of the following? A.) Strengthened the position of big business. B.) Strengthened the regulatory powers of the federal government. C.) Strengthened the position of organized labor. D.) Protected the civil and political rights of African Americans. E.) Protected the civil and political rights of women.
A.) Strengthened the position of big business.
Perfectionism in the mid-nineteenth century is best defined as A.) improvement in the manners of the lower classes B.) faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will C.) the rewards of church membership and regular attendance at Sunday services D.) allegiance to the political tenets of Jacksonian Democracy E.) belief in the inevitability of economic progress
B.) faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will
The First Great Awakening led to all of the following EXCEPT A.) separatism and secession from established churches B.) the renewed persecution of witches C.) the growth of institutions of higher learning D.) a flourishing of the missionary spirit E.) a greater appreciation for the emotional experiences of faith
B.) the renewed persecution of witches
Which of the following was a consequence of the shift to sharecropping and the crop lien system in the late nineteenth-century South? A.) A major redistribution of land ownership B.) A diversification of crops C.) A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers D.) A rise in cotton yields per acre from antebellum production levels E.) The termination of the control exerted by White landowners of former slaves
C.) A cycle of debt and depression for Southern tenant farmers
"Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 People who agreed with the argument made in the speech would most likely have recommended which of the following solutions? A.) Separate but equal segregated facilities to increase job opportunities for white workers B.) Continuation of the gold standard as the basis for money C.) Reduced government involvement in the economy in order to create more competition D.) A stronger government role in the economic system
D.) A stronger government role in the economic system
The Northwest Ordinances did which of the following? A.) Provided for the annexation of the Oregon Territory. B.) Established reservations for Native Americans. C.) Granted settlers a free homestead of 160 acres. D.) Established the terms for settlement and admission of new states. E.) Banned slavery north of the 36° 30′ line.
D.) Established the terms for settlement and admission of new states.
At the beginning of the Civil War, Southerners expressed all of the following expectations EXCEPT: A.) The materialism of the North would prevent Northerners from fighting an idealistic war. B.) Great Britain would intervene on the side of the South in order to preserve its source of cotton. C.) Northern unity in the struggle against the Southern states would eventually break. D.) The South's superior industrial resources would give it an advantage over the North. E.) The justice of the South's cause would prevail.
D.) The South's superior industrial resources would give it an advantage over the North.
In the seventeenth century, which of the following was true of slavery in British North America? A.) It was prohibited only in Massachusetts and Connecticut. B.) It was opposed by the Anglican church. C.) Slaves officially accounted for more than thirty percent of the colonial population. D.) The number of slaves increased rapidly in the last quarter of the century. E.) Most slaves lived on plantations with fifty or more slaves.
D.) The number of slaves increased rapidly in the last quarter of the century.
The Stono Rebellion and the New York conspiracy trials of 1741 revealed which of the following? A.) Increasing resistance to taxation B.) The inability of newcomers to acquire fertile farmland C.) Overpopulation in urban areas D.) Sectional divisions between northern and southern colonies E.) Resistance to slavery
E.) Resistance to slavery
"Let Southern oppressors tremble .... I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement .... I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement above was A.) John C. Calhoun B.) Stephen A. Douglas C.) Henry Clay D.) Abraham Lincoln E.) William L. Garrison
E.) William L. Garrison
The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of A.) the Free Soil party B.) the evangelical churches in both the North and the South C.) Abraham Lincoln in his debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Freeport, Illinois D.) John Quincy Adams in his demands for repeal of the "gag rule" E.) William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator
E.) William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator
The precipitating factor in the 1894 Pullman strike was Pullman's A.) dismissal of union workers B.) introduction of scrip in part of payment wages C.) retraction of its promise to provide an employee insurance and retirement plan D.) employment of immigrant labor at less than a living wage E.) cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
E.) cutting of wages without proportionate cuts in company housing rents
The majority of White families in the antebellum South owned A.) more than 100 slaves B.) 50 to 100 slaves C.) 10 to 50 slaves D.) 5 to 10 slaves E.) no slaves
E.) no slaves
The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson did which of the following? A.) Upheld segregated railroad facilities. B) Declared civil rights legislation unconstitutional. C.) Upheld literacy testing as a condition of voting in federal elections. D.) Outlawed segregation in public schools. E.) Restricted the right to purchase or sell land.
A.) Upheld segregated railroad facilities.
Which of the following was true of the settlement house workers of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? A.) They included large numbers of middle-class, college-educated women. B.) They devised programs that departed radically from those of English settlement houses. C.) They established settlement houses in middle-class environments. D.) They avoid political involvement. E.) They endeavored to suppress immigrant cultures.
A.) They included large numbers of middle-class, college-educated women.
Which of the following best describes the position on slavery of most northerners during the sectional crises of the 1850s? A.) They were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansion to the territories. B.) They were active supporters of complete abolition. C.) They favored continued importation of slaves from Africa. D.) They advocated expansion of the slave system to provide cheap labor for northern factories. E.) They advocated complete social and political equality for all races in the United States.
A.) They were willing to accept slavery where it existed but opposed further expansion to the territories.
The development of the early nineteenth-century concept of "separate spheres" for the sexes encouraged all of the following EXCEPT A.) accepting women as intellectual equals of men B.) idealizing the home as a haven in a competitive world C.) designating the home as the appropriate place for a woman D.) emphasizing childrearing as a prime duty of a woman E.) establishing a moral climate in the home
A.) accepting women as intellectual equals of men
Pinckney's Treaty with Spain is considered a diplomatic highlight of Washington's administration because it A.) allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans B.) ceded Florida to the United States C.) invited Americans to settle in Texas D.) opened Spanish Caribbean ports to American trade E.) withdrew Spain's military forces from the Caribbean
A.) allowed the United States to use the port of New Orleans
The primary purpose of the Stamp Act was to A.) raise revenues to support British troops stationed in America B.) reduce colonial consumption of foreign goods C.) fund the colonial postal system D.) impose a mercantilist system on the colonies E.) reduce the authority of the colonial legislatures
A.) raise revenues to support British troops stationed in America
After the Revolution, the concept of the "republican mother" suggested that A.) women would be responsible for raising their children, especially their sons, to be virtuous citizens of the young republic B.) voting would soon become a privilege granted to educated and/or married women C.) the first duty of mothers was to serve the needs of government D.) wives and mothers would be welcome in the emerging political parties E.) women's virtues had been the inspiration for the ideals of the Revolution
A.) women would be responsible for raising their children, especially their sons, to be virtuous citizens of the young republic
"In the new Code of Laws which I suppose it will be necessary for you to make I desire you would Remember the Ladies." The appeal quoted above was made by A.) Judith Sargent Murray B.) Abigail Adams C.) Philip Freneau D.) Mercy Otis Warren E.) Thomas Paine
B.) Abigail Adams
The system of indentured labor used during the Colonial period had which of the following effects? A.) It enabled England to deport most criminals. B.) It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in America. C.) It delayed the establishment of slavery in the South until about 1750. D.) It facilitated the cultivation of cotton in the South. E.) It instituted social equality.
B.) It enabled poor people to seek opportunity in America.
Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas? A.) It tried to sell Texas to the United States at the time of the Louisiana Purchase. B.) It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's. C.) It governed Texas with stringent regulations in the 1820's. D.) It encouraged the establishment of a strong local government in Texas in the mid-1830's. E.) It favored the annexation of the Republic of Texas by the United States in the 1830's and early 1840's.
B.) It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820's and early 1830's.
All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT: A.) It opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers. B.) It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements. C.) It was made possible by the failure of Napoleon's forces to suppress a salve revolt in Haiti. D.) It showed Jefferson's considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy. E.) It violated Jefferson's own view concerning strict construction of the Constitution.
B.) It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.
The graph above refutes which of the following statements? A.) There were more Black people than White people in antebellum South. B.) Most southern families held slaves. C.) Most southern families lived in rural areas. D.) The southern population was much smaller than that of the North. E.) Slaveholders were an extremely powerful group.
B.) Most southern families held slaves.
The argument between Great Britain and its American colonies during the 1760's and 1770's over "virtual representation" concerned A.) patterns of legislative apportionment in the colonial assemblies B.) Parliament's ability to reflect colonial interests C.) the lack of colonial participation in negotiating the Treaty of Paris D.) the increasing use of juryless admiralty courts in the colonies E.) the representation of "free men of color" in colonial assemblies
B.) Parliament's ability to reflect colonial interests
The theme of individualism is most evident in the writings of A.) Jonathan Edwards B.) Ralph Waldo Emerson C.) George Fitzhugh D.) Washington Irving E.) Nathaniel Hawthorne
B.) Ralph Waldo Emerson
"Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 Lease's views best reflect the influence of which of the following developments in social and political movements in the 1890s? A.) Increased calls for radical overthrow of the federal government B.) Rising grassroots challenges to the dominant economic system C.) Greater support for corporate power in agriculture D.) Emerging ideological justifications for inequities of wealth
B.) Rising grassroots challenges to the dominant economic system
The primary purpose of the Proclamation of 1763 was to A.) encourage westward colonial migration B.) avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indians C.) gain much-needed revenue D.) drive out French colonists E.) provide a haven for Catholics
B.) avoid conflict with the trans-Appalachian Indians
Shays' Rebellion frightened many Americans when A.) city mobs raided flour supplies in Philadelphia B.) debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts C.) Indians raided frontier settlements in Virginia D.) squatters terrorized proprietors in New York E.) vigilantes in South Carolina patrolled the frontier
B.) debt-ridden farmers attacked courts in western Massachusetts
"Yet, after all our years of toil and privation, dangers and hardships upon the ... frontier, monopoly is taking our homes from us by an infamous system of mortgage foreclosure, the most infamous that has ever disgraced the statutes of a civilized nation. ... How did it happen? The government, at the bid of Wall Street, repudiated its contracts with the people; the circulating medium was contracted. ... As Senator Plumb [of Kansas] tells us, 'Our debts were increased, while the means to pay them was decreased.' [A]s grand Senator ... Stewart [of Nevada] puts it, 'For twenty years the market value of the dollar has gone up and the market value of labor has gone down, till today the American laborer, in bitterness and wrath, asks which is the worst: the black slavery that has gone or the white slavery that has come?'" — Mary Elizabeth Lease, speech to the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, 1890 In the speech, Lease was reacting primarily to the problems faced by which of the following groups? A.) Bankers B.) Southern European migrants C.) Farmers D.) African Americans
C.) Farmers
Which of the following is true of the slave system in eighteenth-century British North America? A.) The slave system was legal only in the southern colonies. B.) Indentured servants increasingly replaced slaves in the southern colonies. C.) Slaveowners gained increased legal power over their slaves. D.) Most slaves worked on cotton plantations. E.) All the southern colonies passed laws against freeing slaves.
C.) Slaveowners gained increased legal power over their slaves.
All of the following led Congress to impose Radical Reconstruction measured EXCEPT the A.) enactment of Black Codes by southern legislatures B.) outbreak of race riots in New Orleans and Memphis C.) massive exodus of former slaves from the South D.) election of former Confederates to Congress E.) response of southern legislatures to the Fourteenth Amendment
C.) massive exodus of former slaves from the South
Parliament enacted the Stamp Act (1765) primarily to A.) regulate trade between the colonies and European nations B.) strengthen the communication network within the colonies C.) raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies D.) regulate commercial activity within colonies E.) control population movement to the colonial backcountry
C.) raise revenue to pay for British troops in the colonies
All of the following are true of railroad expansion in the late nineteenth century EXCEPT that it A.) opened new territories to commercial agriculture B.) accelerated the growth of some older cities and created new ones C.) was financed by private corporations without government assistance D.) led to new managerial forms and techniques E.) was often capitalized beyond what was needed
C.) was financed by private corporations without government assistance
The Federalist papers challenged the conventional political wisdom of the eighteenth century when they asserted that A.) a republican form of government could succeed only in small countries B.) limitations on the popular will led to tyranny C.) a weak central government was the only guarantee of individual rights D.) a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights E.) political parties were crucial to the success of the new government
D.) a large republic offered the best protection of minority rights
In the Colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their A.) acceptance of a greater role for women in public worship B.) opposition to the institution of slavery C.) advocacy of freedom of worship D.) refusal to pay taxes E.) refusal to bear arms
D.) refusal to pay taxes
The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because A.) the House of Representatives decided the election B.) a Supreme Court decision was required to dislodge the Federalists C.) voter turnout increased dramatically D.) the party in power stepped down after losing the election E.) force was required to get John Adams to leave the White House
D.) the party in power stepped down after losing the election
President Monroe articulate the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to A.) respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutions B.) rule out United States involvement in South America C.) provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of Panama D.) warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere E.) encourage Britain to help the fledging Latin American states
D.) warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere