APUSH MCQ
Question 2 Demands for labor like that depicted in the image explains which of the following related effects? Source: "Secretaries, housewives, waitresses, women from all over central Florida are getting into vocational schools to learn war work. Typical are these in the Daytona Beach branch of the Volusia County vocational school." Office of War Information, 1942.
Men and women migrated from rural areas to cities in order to work in defense industries.
The following question is based on the excerpt below. Which of the following was the primary economic purpose for the rationing program found in the document? "Rationing is a vital part of your country's war effort. Any attempt to violate the rules is an effort to deny someone his share and will create hardship and help the enemy. This book is your Government's assurance of your right to buy your fair share of certain goods made scarce by war. Price ceilings have also been established for your protection. Dealers must post these prices conspicuously. Don't pay more. Give your whole support to rationing and thereby conserve our vital goods. Be guided by the rule: "If you don't need it, DON'T BUY IT." "IMPORTANT: When you used your ration, salvage the TIN CANS and WASTE FATS. They are needed to make munitions for our fighting men. Cooperate with your local Salvage Committee." -War Ration Books 3 and 4, Office of Price Administration, 1943
a. Control inflation caused by shortages of consumer goods.
The following question is based on photo of FDR Fireside Chat below. This photo most directly reflects: Franklin D. Roosevelt having a "Fireside Chat," Washington, D.C, April 28, 1935.
a. Franklin D. Roosevelt's use of a new technology to help shape national opinion and gain support for his policies.
Which of the following best explains the factor that most directly prompted United States entry into the Second World War in 1941?
a. Japan attacked the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor
The following question is based on the excerpt below. Executive Order 9066 can be most directly linked to the "... by virtue of the authority vested in me as President of the United States, and Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, I hereby authorize and direct the Secretary of War and the Military Commanders...to prescribe military areas in such places and of such extent as he or the appropriate Military Commander may determine, from which any or all persons may be excluded... The Secretary of War is hereby authorized to provide for residents of any such area who are excluded therefrom, such transportation, food, shelter, and other accommodations as may be necessary, in the judgment of the Secretary of War or the said Military Commander, and until other arrangements are made, to accomplish the purpose of this order." Franklin Roosevelt, Executive Order 9066, 1942
a. bombing of Pearl Harbor
The following question is based on the quotation below. The experience described in the excerpt was an example of "All through the night I heard people getting up, dragging cots around. I stared at our little window, unable to sleep. I was glad Mother had put up a makeshift curtain on the window for I noticed a powerful beam of light sweeping across it every few seconds. The lights came from high towers placed around the camp....I remembered the wire fence encircling us, and a knot of anger tightened in my breast. What was I doing behind a fence like a criminal? Of one thing I was sure. The wire fence was real. I no longer had the right to walk out of it. It was because I had Japanese ancestors. It was also because some people had little faith in the ideas and ideals of democracy...." Monica Itoi Stone, Nisei Daughter, 1953 Monica Itoi Sone, Nisei Daughter (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1953), 176-178.
a. internment
The following question is based on the 1943 photo below by Alexander Liberman. The experience depicted in the poster, combined with African-American soldiers' experiences in Europe, DIRECTLY led to which of the following developments?
b. Greater demands for integration and equality
Use the graph below to answer the question that follows. The graph's fluctuation of defense spending can best be explained by which of the following?
b. Stock market crash, Pearl Harbor attack, bombing of Hiroshima
Which of the following best explains United States foreign policy between the First World War and the Second World War?
b. The United States followed an isolationist policy in order to avoid becoming involved in another conflict abroad.
The following question is basd on the passage below The approach Franklin Roosevelt outlines in the speech is most consistent with the previous efforts of: "In our efforts for recovery we have avoided, on the one hand, the theory that business should and must be taken over into an all-embracing Government. We have avoided, on the other hand, the equally untenable theory that it is an interference with liberty to offer reasonable help when private enterprise is in need of help. The course we have followed fits the American practice of Government, a practice of taking action step by step, of regulating only to meet concrete needs, a practice of courageous recognition of change." Franklin D. Roosevelt, "On Moving Forward to Greater Freedom and Greater Security," Fireside Chats, September 30, 1934
b. the Progressives in the early 20th century.
The following question is based on the excerpt below. The main point argued in the excerpt is most consistent with the sentiments presented in which of the following? Source: Majority opinion of the Supreme Court (delivered by Justice Hugo Black) in Korematsu vs United States, 1944. ...All citizens alike, both in and out of uniform, feel the impact of war in greater or lesser measure. Citizenship has its responsibilities as well as its privileges, and in time of war the burden is always heavier. Compulsory exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direct emergency and peril, is inconsistent with our basic governmental institutions. But when under conditions of modern warfare our shores are threatened by hostile forces, the power to protect must be commensurate with the threatened danger.....
c. The Supreme Court ruling establishing the doctrine of "clear and present danger" in Schenck vs. United States
The excerpt below could best be used to explain which of the following postwar situations? "That the United States Government, on behalf of the three powers, should consult the Government of China and the French Provisional Government in regard to decisions taken at the present conference concerning the proposed world organization. . . . "The Government of the United States of America, on behalf of itself and of the Governments of the United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialistic Republics and the Republic of China and of the Provisional Government of the French Republic invite [governments] to send representatives to a conference to be held on 25 April, 1945, or soon thereafter, at San Francisco, in the United States of America, to prepare a charter for a general international organization for the maintenance of international peace and security. "The above-named Governments suggest that the conference consider as affording a basis for such a Charter the proposals for the establishment of a general international organization which were made public last October as a result of the Dumbarton Oaks conference." Yalta Conference Agreement, 1945
c. The emergence of the United States as a global superpower.
The following question is based on the excerpt below. Luce's remarks were most clearly an attack on America's "In the field of national policy, the fundamental trouble with America has been, and is, that whereas their nation became in the twentieth century the most powerful and most vital nation in the world, nevertheless Americans were unable to accommodate themselves spiritually and practically to that fact. Hence they have failed to play their part as a world power—a failure which has had disastrous consequences for themselves and for all mankind. And the cure is this: to accept wholeheartedly our duty and our opportunity as the most powerful and vital nation in the world and in consequence to exert upon the world the full impact of our influence, for such purposes as we see fit and by such means as we see fit." Henry R. Luce, "The American Century," Life, February 1941
c. isolationism in the 1930s.
During the Great Depression, "Hoovervilles" were
c. shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people
The following question is based on photo of FDR Fireside Chat below. Which of the following best represents the idea illustrated in the photo: Franklin D. Roosevelt having a "Fireside Chat," Washington, D.C, April 28, 1935.
d. FDR used radio to connect with citizens and let them know what he was doing to help them.
Which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1938 and 1942 on the chart above?
d. Industrial mobilization related to the Second World War
The following question is based on the excerpt below. The main point argued in the excerpt that Source: Majority opinion of the Supreme Court (delivered by Justice Hugo Black) in Korematsu vs United States, 1944. ...All citizens alike, both in and out of uniform, feel the impact of war in greater or lesser measure. Citizenship has its responsibilities as well as its privileges, and in time of war the burden is always heavier. Compulsory exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direct emergency and peril, is inconsistent with our basic governmental institutions. But when under conditions of modern warfare our shores are threatened by hostile forces, the power to protect must be commensurate with the threatened danger.....
d. civil liberties can be restricted during wartime
The following question is based on the American World War II Poster below The poster was intended to
d. convince women that they had an essential role in the war effort.
The following question is based on the excerpt below. Which of the following groups looked to gain the most from the 1920s Republican policies? A widely held view of the Republican administrations of the 1920s is that they represented a return to an older order that had existed before Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson became the nation's chief executives. Harding and Coolidge especially are seen as latter-day McKinley's, political mediocrities who peopled their cabinets with routine, conservative party hacks of the kind almost universal in Washington from the end of the Civil War until the early 20th century. In this view, the 1920s politically were an effort to set back the clock.
d. corporations
The following question is based on the quotation below. The excerpt best reflects an effort by Roosevelt to Source: President Franklin Roosevelt speech, 1937. The peace-loving nations must make a concerted effort in opposition to those violations of treaties and those ignoring's of humane instincts which today are creating a state of international anarchy and instability from which there is no escape through mere isolation or neutrality. Those who cherish their freedom and recognize and respect the equal right of their neighbors to be free and live in peace, must work together for the triumph of law and moral principles in order that peace, justice, and confidence may prevail in the world. There must be a return to a belief in the pledged word, in the value of a signed treaty. There must be recognition of the fact that national morality is as vital as private morality.
d. expand the role of the US in the world
Other world leaders most likely interpreted the excerpt as indicating that the United States was "That the United States Government, on behalf of the three powers, should consult the Government of China and the French Provisional Government in regard to decisions taken at the present conference concerning the proposed world organization. . . . "The Government of the United States of America, on behalf of itself and of the Governments of the United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialistic Republics and the Republic of China and of the Provisional Government of the French Republic invite [governments] to send representatives to a conference to be held on 25 April, 1945, or soon thereafter, at San Francisco, in the United States of America, to prepare a charter for a general international organization for the maintenance of international peace and security. "The above-named Governments suggest that the conference consider as affording a basis for such a Charter the proposals for the establishment of a general international organization which were made public last October as a result of the Dumbarton Oaks conference." Yalta Conference Agreement, 1945
d. taking a leading role in world diplomacy.
