APUSH Midterm-Chapters 16,17, and 18

*15) The journalist who exposed "How the Other Half Lives" in urban tenements was* a. Samuel Lane Loomis b. John Root c. Jacob Riis d. James Whitcomb Riley e. James E. Ware

c

*26) The most famous political machine of the late nineteenth century was* a. the Fifth Street Gang b. the Irish Mafia c. Tammany Hall d. the Coughlin Gang e. the Lamar Circle

c

*10) The first "modern" skyscraper built in the US* a. had no elevators b. was located in Boston c. was constructed with steel girders d. was built entirely of brick e. was located in New York City

c

*19) In the US, the steel industry first emerged in* a. Pennsylvania and Ohio b. Vermont and Massachusetts c. Illinois and Indiana d. New Jersey and New York e. Alabama and Mississippi

a

*2) Samuel Gompers was the leader of* a. American Federation of Labor b. Molly Maguires c. Knights of Labor d. Congress of Industrial Organization e. American Railway Union

a

*12) During the late nineteenth century, all of the following innovations occurred in consumer goods EXCEPT the* a. emergence of ready-made clothing b. formation of credit card companies c. ability to refrigerate foods artificially d. opening of large department stores e. development and mass production of tin cans

b

*20) Which of the following statements about late nineteenth-century immigrants is NOT true?* a. Most settled along the eastern seaboard b. most were highly skilled craftsmen c. often they already knew someone in the US d. Most came seeking economic opportunities e. most were young males

b

*31) During the late nineteenth century, college education for American women* a. did not exist b. had expanded significantly c. offered no coeducational opportunities d. allowed women to be schooled only by male faculty e. had no real effect on the marrying age of nineteenth-century women

b

*33) In the late nineteenth century, which of the following was NOT a major western industry?* a. mining b. fur trading c. ranching d. commercial farming e. timbering

b

*48) Which of the following was, perhaps, the greatest Native American victory over the US Army?* a. Custer's Last Stand (Little Big Horn) b. Battle of Wounded Knee c. the "Trail of Tears" d. Battle of Sand Creek e, Fetterman Massacre

a

*13) The great strike of 1877, in which more than fifty people died, involved* a. cowboys b. railroad workers c. textile workers d. steel workers e. oil workers

b

*1) In the late nineteenth century, suburbs on the edges of American cities were largely populated by* a. very poor people b. the working class c. moderately well-to-do people d. people from all income backgrounds e. very wealthy people

c

*11) In the 1890s, Florence Kelley and the National Consumers League sought to* a. encourage immigrants to become greater consumers b. improve the safety and quality of consumer products c. protect family businesses from the competition of corporate retailers d. improve the wages and working conditions of employees of manufacturers and retailers e. All these answers are correct

d

*27) According to the philosophy of pragmatism, society should be guided by* a. scientific inquiry b. inherited ideals c. democratic tradition d. moral principles e. religious faith

a

*14) By 1900, one of the three American territories in the contiguous US that had NOT been granted statehood was* a. Arizona b. Utah c. Colorado d. Nebraska e. South Dakota

a

*16) In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur?* a. steel b. railroad c. meatpacking d. coal e. oil

a

*22) By the end of the nineteenth century, most immigrants arrived from* a. southern and eastern Europe b. northern and western Europe c. the Pacific d. China e. Mexico

a

*24) As the new immigrants entered American society* a. they clung to the customs of their native countries b. they were well prepared to make the adjustment c. they quickly assimilated into the society d. they never were able to adjust to the conditions of their new life e. they gave up their native languages

a

*28) In the nineteenth century, vaudeville theater* a. consisted of a variety of stage acts b. only employed white performers c. had been created in the US d. both consisted of a variety of stage acts, and only employed white performers e. None of these answers is correct

a

*29) Which American writer is LEAST associated with the trend toward social realism in literature in the late nineteenth century* a. Mark Twain b. Upton Sinclair c. Frank Norris d. Stephen Crane e. Theodore Dreiser

a

*3) In "The Significance of the Frontier in American History", Frederick Jackson Turner claimed* a. That the end of the "frontier" also marked the end of one of the most important democratizing forces in American life b. The US should expand its northern and southern borders into Canada and Mexico to create new frontier land c. the western wars between whites and Indians were a national disgrace d. most of the frontier land was of little practical use of Americans e. the frontier had repressed individualism, nationalism, and democracry in America

a

*4) How did the American government affect industrial growth?* a. It provided incentives for growth b. it increased taxes on industry c. it closely regulated the pace of the growth d. it followed a policy of laissez faire e. it balanced agrarian and industrial demands

a

*45) In the late nineteenth century, fences for Plains farms were usually made from* a. barbed wire b. stones c. wood d. sod e. brick

a

*50) In 1890, the "Ghost Dance"* a. was a spiritual revival among Plains Indians b. honored all the Indians who had died in battle with White Americans c. marked the resumption of hostilities by Plains Indians d. was a spiritual revival among Plains Indians, inspired by the Paiute prophet Chief Joseph e. All these answers are correct

a

*54) The Pullman strike of 1894* a. saw the president of the US order federal troops to break the strike b. was ultimately successful for the strikers c. had little effect on rail transportation throughout the nation d. ended when George Pullman dropped his demand that workers live in company housing e. ended when Governor John Peter Altgeld called out the militia to protect employers

a

*55) During the late nineteenth century, child labor in the US* a. increased significantly b. was unregulated by laws in most states c. saw more children working in factories than in agriculture d. both increased significantly and saw more children working in factories than in agriculture e. None of these answers is correct

a

*37) The Rocky Mountain School of Painting* a. marked a sharp departure from the artistic style of the Hudson River Valley Painters b. helped inspire the growth of tourism in the West c. emphasized the primitive art of Indians and other indigenous peoples d. first gained popular acceptance in the early twentieth century e. was a significant influence on the abstract art that would soon flourish in Europe

b

*41) The Comstock Lode primarily produced* a. copper b. silver c. gold d. lead e. zinc

b

*43) In 1900, the emergence of research laboratories in American corporations* a. occurrec as federal funding for research greatly expanded b. led to a diversification of research interests c. developed similar research goals as in Europe d. was deemed unnecessary, since so many American university laboratories existed e. centralized the sources of research funding

b

*46) Which of the following statements about the American railroad industry in the late nineteenth century is FALSE?* a. it included the nation's largest businesses b. it saw Congress outlaw railroad combinations c. it relied partially on government subsidies for its growth d. it was among the first to adopt new corporate form of organization e. it became a national symbol of concentrated economic power

b

*52) The 1920 census of the US revealed that* a. the western frontier had ended b. a majority of Americans lived in "urban" areas c. for the first time since 1790, American women outnumbered men d. the majority of the nation's population had arrived as immigrants since 1890 e. California was now the most populous state

b

*58) Eugene v. Debs played a leading role in what labor event?* a. Homestead strike b. Pullman strike c. Haymarket Square Riot d. Railroad strike of 1877 e. All these answers are correct

b

*59) The town that reigned as the railhead of the cattle kingdom for many years was* a. Sedalia, Missouri b. Abilene, Kansas c. Dallas, Texas d. Omaha, Nebraska e. Deadwood, South Dakota

b

*6) Which of the following was NOT a factor in American industrial development?* a. a heavy influx of immigrants b. industrialization of the south c. an abundance of labor d. an abundance of natural resources e. new technological innovations

b

*53) One purpose of the Dawes Severalty Act was to* a. separate the civilized from the uncivilized tribes b. support Native American religions, such as the Ghost Dance movement c. force Native Americans to abandon the communal ownership of land d. enforce all previous treaties between the federal government and the various tribes e. None of the answers are correct

c

*60) A key to Henry Ford's success in the mass production of automobiles was* a. the use of welds instead of rivets to speed production b. a reduction in the size of the labor force c. the moving assembly line d. the training of highly skilled workers e. his encouragement of labor unions in organizing his factories

c

*61) After 1851, the US gov't abandoned the policy of one large reservation in favor of* a. extermination of the Native Americans b. the tolerance policy c. the concentration policy d. restoring all Native American lands e. the allotment policy

c

*62) The Knights of Labor* a. was primarily a trade union b. did not allow women to join c. began as a secret fraternal organization d. focused its efforts on improving wages and reducing hours e. tried in particular to enlist support for their cause from lawyers

c

*8) The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882* a. resulted in the deportation of half of the Chinese in the US b. was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court c. banned Chinese in the US from becoming naturalized citizens d. was only applied in California e. had little effect on the size of the Chinese population in America

c

*9) The Haymaker Square Riot* a. forced government regulation of unions b. brought public sympathy to the plight of the workers c. weakened the national labor movement d. took place in New York City e. strengthened the national labor movement

c

*32) Which of the following was NOT a reason urban political machines stayed in power* a. the cities needed the services they provided b. there was little control over urban life c. they performed social services for the immigrants d. there was little regard for the political system e. they understood how to use the political system for their own good

d

*34) What did the popularity of spectator sports indicate?* a. the boredom of industrial workers b. the influence of European culture c. the breakdown of sexual barriers d. the increased amount of leisure time e. increased freedom for children

d

*35) A major difference between northern and southern schools was* a. more students attended school in the South b. southern schools provided better curricula c. most southern schools had compulsory school laws d. southern states could not finance their schools e. northern states provided segregated school system

d

*42) Which of the following best describe the Plains tribes* a. fishermen and farmers b. builders of great cities c. sedentary and pacifistic d. nomadic and warlike e. human sacrific and temples

d

*5) In the 1840s, and 1850s, in the Far West, the response by white Americans to the Chinese* a. moved from initial hostility to gradual acceptance b. was one of consistent acceptance c. was one of consistent hostility d. moved from initial acceptance to gradual hostility e. depended mainly on whether the white American was pro-slavery or antislavery

d

*56) The most significant blow to Native American tribal life on the Plains was* a. the introduction of crop farming b. the deaths of the major Native American leaders c. incessant tribal warfare d. the extermination of the buffalo herds e. the reservation system

d

*57) Which of the following was NOT a source of discontent among farmers?* a. rising mortgage rates b. declining crop prices c. weather difficulties d. increasing difficulties with Native Americans e. rising railroad rates

d

*17) Charles Darwin's theories of evolution met initial resistance from* a. theologians b. scientists c. educators d. both theologians and educators e. all these answers are correct

e

*18) At the end of the nineteenth century, most Americans viewed leisure time as* a. the province solely of children and elderly b. the equivalent of laziness c. something not attainable for the average worker d. reserved for the extremely wealthy e. being desirable

e

*21) In 1886, the end of formal warfare between the US and American Indians was marked by the surrender of* a. Cochise b. Wovoka c. Mangas Colorados d. Sitting Bull e. Geronimo

e

*23) In the late nineteenth century, "range wars" in the West were often between* a. white Americans and Indians b. white American ranchers and Mexican ranchers c. white American ranchers and Chinese ranchers d. individual white American ranchers and large American ranching corporations e. white American ranchers and farmers

e

*25) In the second half of the nineteenth century, the working class in the western economy was* a. highly multiracial b. highly divided along racial lines c. paid higher wages than workers in the East d. both highly multiracial and paid higher wages than workers in the East e. All these answers are correct

e

*30) The notorious head of the New York City political machine was* a. Christopher Buckley b. John Kelly c. James McManes d. "Hanky Dink" Kenna e. William Tweed

e

*36) In the late nineteenth century, organized labor failed to make great gains for all of the following reasons EXCEPT* a. tensions between ethnic and racial groups, which divided the work force b. labor unions, which faced powerful and wealthy corporations c. geographical mobility, which served to dilute institutional ties and class consciousness d. major labor organizations, which represented only a small percentage of the industrial work force e. state and federal laws to protect the rights of workers, which did not exist

e

*38) As a result of the Plessy v. Ferguson decision,* a. illiteracy among school age children would be eradicated b. teachers at black schools were paid the same as their counterparts at white schools c. de facto segregation could no longer occur d. integration of schools was to occur with deliberate speed e. African American education was to be separate but equal to white education

e

*39) The Social Darwinists* a. were active reformers in the late nineteenth century b. stressed society's responsibility to aid the poor c. had enormous influence on American society d. raised important questions about the conditions of society e, believed the laws of nature applied to society

e

*40) The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of* a. vertical integration b. horizontal integration c. diagonal integration d. central integration e. vertical and horizontal organization

e

*44) In the late nineteenth century, the assimilation of immigrants was encouraged by* a. the sale of American products b. public education c. Church leaders d. religious reform e. All these answers are correct

e

*47) In the late nineteenth century, the first and most important promoter of Social Darwinism was* a. Henry George b. Horatio Alger c. Russell Conwell d. Jacob Riis e. Herbert Spencer

e

*49) In the late nineteenth century, due to the growth of industrial capitalism, American workers* a. saw a rise in their standard of living b. expereinced a loss in their control over their own work c. were forced to contend with arduous and dangerous working conditions d. both saw a rise in their standard of living, and experienced a loss in their control over their own work e. All these answers are correct

e

*51) In the early twentieth century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to" a. make industrial workers more independent in carrying out their jobs b. emphasize the importance of craft and quality in the workplace c. encourage industrial workers to act creatively to solve production problems d. create a large labor force of highly skilled workers e. organize industrial production into many simple tasks

e

*63) In the late nineteenth century, the population in urban areas of the US* a. increased mainly as a result of longer life expectancy b. experienced massive growth even where there was little immigration c. rose as the number of children born into urban families doubled between 1870 and 1900 d. were mostly foreign-born immigrants and their children

e

*64) All of the following writers and artists made significant contributions to the romanticizing of the American West EXCEPT* a. Frederic Remington b. Mark Twain c. Theodore Roosevelt d. James Whistler e. Frederick Jackson Turner

e

*7) Rapid rail construction after the Civil War was possible because* a. the rail companies managed their money and land wisely b. there was little competition between the builders c. the South was eager to participate d. the Western half of the nation was uninhabitable e. federal and state governments provided important incentives

e