APUSH Multiple choice

92. The War of 1812 a. All of the following b. Generated considerable opposition in the commercial areas of the northeast c. Mad Andrew Jackson a national hero d. Saw the destruction of the national capital by British forces e. Effectively ended in a military stalemate

A

12. Which of the following statements best describes the early years of the Maryland colony? a. It was established as a haven for English Catholics but was settled primarily by Protestants b. It was founded as a corporate colony by the London Company of Maryland c. It attracted primarily Catholic immigrants during the 17th century d. It was created as a refuge for English Quakers and other persecuted religious minorities e. It experienced little migration from neighboring colonies like Virginia

A

1. Prior to the arrival of Columbus , the peoples of Mesoamerica tended to have a. All the answers below b. More elaborate political systems than the peoples north of the Rio Grande (present day US) c. Larger empires than the peoples of north of the Rio Grande (present day US) d. Larger populations than the peoples north of the Rio Grande (present day US) e. A greater reliance on agriculture than did peoples north of the Rio Grande (present day US)

A

10. When Richard Hakluyt wrote in his Discourse on Western Planting in 1584 that colonies in America could be used "for the manifold employment of numbers of idle men, and for breading of many sufficient" he was referring implicitly to a. The impact of the enclosure process and the problem of the "wandering poor" b. The military value of American colonies in supplying troops to the English army c. The ability of English colonies to employ native labor in the production of cash crops d. The willingness of English missionaries to travel to the new world to convert native populations e. The vast quantities of gold and silver that Virginia had to offer

A

100. The National Road a. All of the answers below b. Was one of the few transportation projects during the antebellum era to enjoy federal funding c. Generated constitutional questions regarding the appropriate powers of the national government d. Extended across the old Northwest Territory e. Was supported by Henry Clay but ultimately vetoed by president James Madison

A

11. Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 involved all of the following except a. The dominance of small farmers and western frontiersmen in the Virginia colonial government b. The struggle over land between Indians and whites c. Land pressures created by the growing population of colonial Virginia d. Personal animosity between Nathaniel Bacon and colonial governor of Virginia e. Political instability associated with the continued reliance on indentured servitude

A

13. Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were similar in that they were all a. Economically based on commercial agriculture b. Established as proprietary colonies c. Established as corporate colonies d. Founded as refuges for persecuted religious sects in England e. Able to live in relative peace with the Native Americans

A

18. Pennsylvania a. All of the following b. Was arguably the most well advertised colony in English North America c. Was established as a refuge for English Quakers and other religious minorities d. Was established as a proprietary colony in payment of debts owed by the English royal family e. Was, despite its growing economy and population, unable to make its founder any personal profit

A

23. During the colonial period, paternalism and stable family structure a. Was more characteristic of New England than of the southern colonies b. Gave women tremendous latitude in their choice of husbands c. Emerged because of a relatively high infant mortality rate and low life expectancies d. Led to the right to vote for women in most of the Middle colonies e. Gave women in New England considerable leverage in their choice of husbands

A

26. By the mid-eighteenth century, North American colonies shared all of the following similarities except a. Absence of property and religious qualifications for voting b. Basically English in language c. Overwhelmingly Protestant in religion d. Opportunity for social mobility e. Some degree of ethnic and religious toleration

A

29. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the British Empire and the American colonies prior to the French and Indian War a. Most Americans believed that the benefits of membership in the British empire far outweighed the costs b. Strict enforcement of colonial trade regulations by the British government created constant friction with the colonists c. Most Americans vehemently objected to their membership in the British Empire and were looking for an opportunity to revolt d. American assenting to British demands that they avoid settlement on Indian lands west of the Appalachians e. Most Britons believing that the American colonies should be granted to their independence

A

33. William Pitt transformed the British war effort in 1756-57 by doing all of the following except a. Making the capture of Ft. Duquesne the top British priority b. Focusing British military strategy on the St. Lawrence river c. Impressing colonists into the British army d. Sending more British regulars to North America e. Forging an alliance with Prussia

A

43. The primary colonial argument made by the colonists against the Townshend Duties, as expressed in John Dickinson's Letters From a Pennsylvania Farmer and Sam Adams' Circular Letter was a. The purpose of taxes, rather than their form, determined their constitutionality b. Members of Parliament represented all British subjects and without American representatives in Parliament the body lack any legal standing c. Colonists should be able to elect their own representatives to Parliament d. Parliament could pass virtually all types of legislation, including taxes e. Because the Townshend duties were direct taxes, rather than taxes on trade, they were unconstitutional

A

50. Arguably the most important outcome of the Battle of Saratoga was a. An alliance between the United States and France b. The defeat of William Howe's army and the recapture of New York City c. The withdrawal of Cornwallis's forces from Virginia d. Growing disenchantment over American failures on the battlefield e. The British decision to repeal the coercive acts

A

53. After the Revolution the concept of "Republican motherhood" suggested that a. Women should be responsible for raising their children to be virtuous citizens of the young republic b. Political rights should be granted to married women but not single women c. The first duty of mothers would be to serve as government employees d. Women should have as many children as possible to grow a population and thus provide more troops for the American army e. Female virtues had been the inspiration for the ideals of the Revolution

A

55. All of the following were true of the Articles of Confederation except a. It gave the national government control over interstate but not international commerce b. It denied the national government the power to levy taxes c. It created a national government that had little control over the individual states d. It created a national government consisting of only a unicameral Congress e. It was difficult to amend because doing so required the unanimous approval of the states

A

57. The problems of the national government under the Articles of Confederation include all of the following except a. An executive branch that was far more powerful than the national legislature b. An enormous outstanding national debt incurred during the Revolution c. The national government's inability to impose taxes d. The refusal of state to pay most of the funds requested by Congress e. The inability of the national government to regulate commerce between the states

A

59. The Land Ordinances of 1785 and 1787, which created the Northwest Territory, also a. All of the answers below b. Established a procedure for surveying and selling western lands c. Specified a process by which territory could become a state once it had a large enough population d. Abolished slavery in the territories north of the Ohio River e. Allotted money for the establishment of public schools

A

69. The Anti-federalists drew support from all the following groups except a. Supporters of strong central government authority b. States' rights supporters c. Small farmers d. Paper money advocates e. Debtors

A

72. During its first session under the new Constitution, the Congress accomplished all of the following except a. Approved the construction of a sizeable American naval force b. Deferred to Washington in his decision to form a cabinet of advisers c. Organized a system of federal district courts and circuit courts of appeal d. Adopted and sent to the states for ratification twelve possible amendments to the Constitution e. Authorized the creation of four executive departments

A

91. The United States went to war with Britain in 1812 for all of the following reasons except a. The failure of the British to withdraw their troops from American territory in the Northwest b. The British navy's practice of seizing American sailors suspected of being deserters c. The British seizure of American ships they suspected of trading with the French d. The suspicion that British agents were supplying arms to the Indians and encouraging them to attack American settlements e. The desire of many Americans to seize British Canada

A

95. The period from 1816 to 1824 became known as the "Era of Good Feelings" primarily because a. There was only one major political party b. There was general economic prosperity throughout the country c. There was general agreement on virtually all major political questions d. There were widespread developments in the field of anti-depression medication e. There were no disputes over slavery or economic policy

A

97. The population of the trans-Appalachian west increased exponentially between 1800-30 for all of the following reasons except a. The expansion of railroads westward of the Mississippi River b. The federal government made land purchases more affordable for small farmers c. The population as a whole grew substantially between 1800 and 1830 d. The invention of the cotton gin encouraged movement into the southwestern territories e. Indian opposition to white settlement west of the Appalachians had largely subsided

A

98. In comparing the Irish and German immigrants of the 1840-50s a. All of the following b. The Germans arrived as family groups more often than did the Irish c. The Irish generally had less money and fewer skills when they arrived than did the Germans d. The Irish settled primarily in Northeastern cities e. The Germans tended to settle in the Northwest more so than did the Irish

A

15. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was established by English Puritans who a. Wanted to completely separate themselves from the Church of England b. Wished to purify Anglican forms of worship of its remaining Catholic influences c. Sided with the king in the English civil war d. Wished to remove themselves completely from public attention e. Hoped to return the English Church to the Roman Catholic Church

B

17. Following his restoration to the English throne, Cahrles II awarded charters for new colonies in north America primarily a. To increase the profits of English joint stock companies b. To pay off debts and gain political allies c. To gain military bases from which to attack Spanish trade routes d. To establish safe havens for English religious minorities e. To increase his fame by getting towns and cities named after him by the proprietors

B

2. The initial motive for European transoceanic exploration in the late 15th century was a. A missionary desire to spread Christianity b. The desire to establish a sea route to Asia c. The emergence of less powerful central monarchies in many European states d. Innovations in navigation and ship design e. Population decline due to the return of the Plague

B

27. The primary difference between the American political system and the British political system in the 18th century involved a. Colonial opposition to monarchy b. Differing views of representation c. Colonial desires to establish a more republican form of government in England d. Different requirements for voting rights e. Colonial reservations about vesting power in elected legislatures

B

28. All of the following were true of the Great Awakening of the mid-1700s except a. It began in New England in response to a perceived decline in religious piety b. It was an event whose impact was largely confined largely to Puritan New England and was responsible for restoring popular faith in the doctrine of election c. It popularized new denominations while undermining established churches and doctrines d. It divided American protestants between those who embraced a new, more emotional and evangelical style of ministry, and those who rejected this new approach e. Its theology tended to be highly individualistic, emphasizing personal responsibility for salvation

B

31. The primary cause of the French and Indian War was a. The decision of the Algonquians to abandon their alliance with the British b. The competing desire of the French and English to control the Ohio Valley c. George Washington's victory over the French at Ft. Duquesne d. The alliance between the French and the Iroquois e. Land disputes between the different English colonies

B

34. The French and Indian War had all of the following effects on the postwar world except a. The war made the British very unhappy with colonial contributions to the war effort b. The war convinced British authorities that they needed to give the colonists more control over their own affairs c. The war saddled Britain with a massive debt and increased administrative expenses d. The war effectively ended the French imperial presence in North America e. The war prompted the British to initiate changes in their policies towards the American colonies

B

36. The event that served as the primary catalyst for the creation of the Proclamation Line of 1763 was a. King George's War b. Pontiac's Rebellion c. The Parson's Cause d. The Writs of Assistance e. The Gaspee Affair

B

38. The Stamp Act of 1765 angered the colonists because a. All of the following b. The new tax was imposed by Parliament and was blatantly designed to produce revenue for the British government c. The postage rates in colonial America were already extremely high d. The revenues produced by the act were too low to provide the services demanded by the colonists e. People bought far more stamps than any other commodity in colonial America

B

54. Historians have characterized the state governments created during the 1770s as "ultra-republican" largely because a. They had written constitutions based upon a strong system of "separation of powers" and "checks and balances" b. They vested most of the power in their popularly elected legislative branches c. They retained property requirements for voting d. They limited the power of the legislative branch in favor of the executive branch e. They gave state governors an effective veto power and state courts effective powers of judicial review

B

65. The Senate exercises special checks on the executive branch by having the power to a. Originate all legislation involving taxation and appropriation b. Approve presidential appointments and treaties with foreign countries c. Override a presidential veto with a majority vote d. Select the president if there is a tie in the electoral college e. Appoint judges to the Supreme Court

B

67. The "elastic clause" of the Constitution a. Authorizes the president to raise taxes without Congressional approval in times of national emergency b. Authorizes Congress to make laws "necessary and proper" for carrying out its other enumerated powers c. Gives the national government the authority to spread more money than it collects in taxes if doing so is necessary to the general welfare of the country d. Gives Congress the authority to increase the number of judges on the Supreme Court whenever it deems it necessary to do so e. Gives Congress the power to amend the Constitution with a 23 vote of both houses

B

74. Alexander Hamilton believed in all of the following except a. The country would best be governed by an educated enlightened elite b. The country needed to remain a nation of small farmers in order for the Republic to prosper c. The federal government should assume responsibility for the payment of state debts d. The country needed a national bank in order to establish the credit of the US government e. A relatively large and permanent national debt was a good idea

B

75. Jefferson's arguments against the 1st Bank of the United States were based primarily upon the belief that a. the bank would fail to stabilize credit and prices b. the bank was unconstitutional because it involved an inappropriate exercise of "implied powers" c. the bank had not been given enough power to control state banks and inflation d. the bank would be used to assist Britain in its war against the French Republic e. the bank would benefit southern and western agricultural interests far more than northeastern financial interest

B

78. Washington's Farewell Address in 1796 a. Endorsed the role of contending political parties in America as being beneficial to political stability b. Warned against the dangers of entangling foreign alliances c. Called for a reduction in the power of the national government in order to protect states' rights d. Proposed a two-term limit on the presidency e. Called for the country to rally behind Jefferson and his Republican party

B

79. The 1796 election a. all of the following b. was the first contested presidential election in US history c. saw Thomas Jefferson narrowly defeat John Adams d. ended in a tie vote which was settled in the House of Representatives e. saw George Washington unanimously re-elected to the presidency

B

8. The English acquisition of New York and New Jersey in the 1660s a. Required the territory to be purchased from the local Indian tribes at a fair price b. Required James Duke of York to launch a military operation to seize them from the Dutch c. Was the result of a treaty with the Spanish d. Led to a substantial increase in African slave labor e. Required all Dutch settlers to surrender their lands and leave the region

B

86. All of the following were associated with the purchase of the Louisiana territory from France except a. It opened the Mississippi river to western farmers b. It ended the threat of Indian attacks on American settlements west of the Appalachians c. It was made possible by the destruction of a French army in Haiti d. It began as an attempt to purchase New Orleans and guarantee the American "right of deposit" e. It technically violated Jefferson's own views concerning the "strict construction" of the Constitution

B

22. The most ethnically and religiously diverse region of colonial America was ¬¬¬¬¬¬___, whereas ___ was the least ethnically and religiously diverse region a. New England, the South b. The middle colonies, the South c. The South, New England d. The middle colonies, New England e. The frontier regions, New England

D

19. The most significant aspect of South Carolina's foundation was a. Its almost complete rejection English political and constitutional influence b. Its corporate beginnings which led to the emergence of a thriving tobacco based agricultural economy c. Its settlement by Caribbean planters which fostered substantial dependence on slave labor d. Its rejection of Anglican conformity in pursuit of universal religious toleration e. Its development of a thriving economy based upon maritime commerce and shipping

C

24. The most profitable enterprise in the colonial New England economy a. Was the commercial farming of cash crops b. Was the mass manufacture of textiles c. Was maritime commerce d. Was the production of food crops for sale across colonial America e. Was the local production of subsistence farmers

C

25. The economy and political system of the colonial south was dominated by a. The Anglican church b. Royally appointed governors c. The planter aristocracy d. The proprietary governors appointed by the Stuart kings e. The Catholic church

C

30. English colonists were outraged when British diplomats returned ¬___ to France in 1748 at the end of the War of the Austrian Succession a. Hudson Bay b. Acadia c. Louisbourg d. Newfoundland e. Nova Scotia

C

40. The Stamp Act crisis brought the colonies to the brink of war with the British, but the crisis subsided largely because a. Colonial leaders were unable to organize significant protests b. England could not afford to fight another costly war in America c. British merchants, hurt by the colonial boycott, forced Parliament to repeal the act d. The colonies were militarily too powerful for Britain to fight e. The colonial petitions persuaded the British government to rethink its constitutional position

C

41. Americans of the 1760s and 70s based their opposition to British policies on all of the following ideas except a. Parliament was the representative body of Englishmen in England, but not Englishmen in America b. According to the British constitution, taxes could be levied on people only if their elected representatives approved them c. Under the British constitution, the king was superior to Parliament and Parliament was superior to the elected legislatures in the colonies d. People should resist the government if it oppressed them, and they had the right to overthrow the government if necessary e. Englishmen in America should be accorded the same rights under the British constitutional as Englishmen in England

C

44. The Tea Act of 1773 a. Imposed a massive new import tax on tea in the colonies b. Led to the summoning of the First Continental Congress c. Was created to save the British East India Company from bankruptcy d. Was created in response to the burning of the British warship HMS Gaspee e. Did not cause/generate much opposition in the colonies as it was not really a tax

C

47. Which of the following best describes the rationale for revolution expressed by Jefferson in opening paragraph of the Declaration of Independence a. Reconciliation was hopeless since Britain and the colonies were already at war b. The colonies needed to declare their independence from Britain in order to enjoy greater economic prosperity c. The British government had failed to protect the natural rights of the colonists and thus needed to be replaced d. Republicanism was superior to monarchy and the establishment of a republican system in America first required independence from Britain e. Independence was required because the British had failed to grant American colonists representation in Parliament

C

48. During the Revolutionary War, the Americans had all of the following advantages over the British except a. They enjoyed the strategic advantages of fighting a defensive war b. There was considerable political opposition to the war in the British Parliament c. American militia troops were generally superior to the British regulars d. The British faced long lines of communication and supply e. The British had several European enemies who might be willing to support the Americans

C

49. During the "Mid-Atlantic" phase of the American Revolutionary War in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania a. The British found themselves on the verge of total defeat b. The British army remained besieged in Boston by the Continental Army c. The British won several important victories but failed to destroy the Continental Army d. The Americans were frustrated in their attempts to gain foreign support e. The Americans successfully drove the British out of Canada

C

52. The American Revolution impacted American society in all of the following ways except a. It encouraged widespread support for Republican ideals such as individual liberty and equality b. It led meany Americans to question colonial practices such as class deference c. It guaranteed that Indian lands west of the Appalachians would be protected from white settlement d. It prompted thousands of British loyalists to flee to Canada e. It prompted the northern states to abolish slavery

C

56. The Articles of Confederation were finally approved by all the states in 1781 when a. An agreement was reached on the method for electing the president b. States gave up their right to print and coin money c. All states claiming western lands surrendered control of them to the national government d. The states gave up their power to establish import taxes e. A bicameral national legislature was created

C

6. Which of the following statements best describes French colonial enterprises in North America a. The number of French colonists settling permanently in America grew rapidly because of profitable opportunities in commercial agriculture b. The French operated extensive mining operations in the Ohio Valley c. The French profited from fur trades with the Indians of the North American interior d. The main French colonial cities were located along the Hudson River e. The French enjoyed a strong military and commercial alliance with the Iroquois Confederacy

C

60. Shay's Rebellion a. Erupted because of Congress' inability to pay debts owed to Revolutionary War veterans b. Was crushed by an effective military response from the national government c. Reflected anger in Massachusetts over high taxes and lack of debt relief d. Sought to force the United States into rejoining the British Empire e. Elicited considerable support for the Articles of Confederation

C

61. The Connecticut or "Great Compromise" of the Constitutional Convention worked out an acceptable scheme for a. Regulating interstate commerce b. Collecting national import taxes c. Apportioning Congressional representation among the states d. Electing the president and vice president e. Limiting Congress's power to interfere with the importation of slaves

C

63. To protect the nation from the "tyranny of the majority," the original U.S. Constitution provided that the voters would directly elect only one part of the national government, the a. President b. Senate c. House of Representatives d. Supreme Court e. Cabinet

C

64. The term for a system of government where the central (or national) government and local (or state) governments share power in some relatively equitable fashion is called a a. Confederate system b. Consolidated system c. Federal system d. Unitary system e. Imperial system

C

68. Winning ratification of the Constitution in Virginia required a. A compromise establishing the national capital in the south b. A promise by the Federalists to create a national bank c. A promise by the Federalists to add a bill of rights to the document d. A compromise increasing southern representation in Congress e. A compromise allowing the national government to take responsibility for the payment of state debts

C

7. Arrange the following events in correct chronological order: (A) colony of Georgia founded, (B) founding of Jamestown colony, (C) the Restoration of the English monarchy, (D) colony of Pennsylvania founded, (E) reign of King Henry VIII a. A, B, C, D, E b. A, C, D, B, E c. E, B, C, D, A d. A, B, D, C, E e. E, D, A, C, B

C

70. Those campaigning for ratification of the 1787 Constitution enjoyed all of the following advantages except a. They were initially far better organized than their opponents b. Among their supporters were greatly admired leaders like Franklin and Washington c. Their argument for a weaker central government was popular with most Americans d. There was a growing coalition of groups who were dissatisfied with the ineffectiveness of the Confederate government e. They created an in-depth and convincing written defense of the new Constitution

C

73. Alexander Hamilton's financial program was designed primarily to a. Prepare the United States for war in case Britain failed to evacuate its posts in the Northwest territory b. Provide a platform for the Federalist party's 1792 presidential campaign c. Establish the financial stability and credit of the new national government d. Ensure northern dominance over the south and make possible the abolition of slavery e. Expand the power of the state governments

C

76. The Jay Treaty of 1794 had all of the following consequences except a. Settling the unresolved issues of the 1783 Treaty of Paris b. Withdrawal of British troops from the Northwest Territory c. Recognition of the American right to trade with France without interference d. Establishing commercial relations with Great Britain e. Making it possible to settle America's territorial conflicts with Spain

C

82. The Republican vision of America as expressed by Thomas Jefferson embraced the ideal of a. A modern industrialized economy b. A large and powerful federal government c. A society of small, independent, land-owning farmers d. An urbanized nation with cities to rival those of Europe e. An educational system that was exclusive to wealthy elites

C

87. During his long political career, Aaron Burr did all of the following things except a. Plotted to create an empire in the Southwest perhaps including U.S. territory b. Served as vice president of the United States c. Won the governorship of New York in 1804 d. Challenged his rival Alexander Hamilton to a duel e. Became associated with a New England secessionist scheme

C

89. The Embargo Act of 1807 a. Severely damaged American manufacturing and industry b. Had little impact because the Jefferson administration took not steps to enforce it c. Severely disrupted American shipping and commerce d. Forced Britain to abandon its attacks on American ships e. Further damaged the popularity of the Federalist party

C

9. All of the following were important facets of English colonization except a. The English monarchy was less powerful than those of Spain or France ad did not exert tremendous control over English colonial ventures in America b. The experience with Irish colonization encouraged the creation of English "colonies of exclusion" in America c. The English were very interested in the conversion of native populations and sent large number of Anglican ministers to America to conduct missionary work d. England possessed a well-developed commercial economy and wealthy merchant class by the end of the 16th century e. The enclosure process had created a large population of landless poor people in England

C

93. All of the following contributed to the collapse of the Federalist Party in the 1790s and early 1800s except a. The expansion of the nation westward and the addition of the new pro-Republican states to the union b. The perception that the Alien and Sedition Acts were repressive violations of individual liberty c. The perception that the Federalists favored small farmers rather than commercial and financial interests d. The Federalist's association with the secessionist Essex conspiracy e. The perception, following the Hartford convention, that the Federalists were unpatriotic

C

39. In conjunction with their repeal of the Stamp Act, the British issued the ¬¬___ declaring that Parliament "had, hath, and of right ought to have, full power and authority to make laws and statutes of sufficient force and validity to bind the colonies and people of America, subjects of the crown of Great Britain, in all cases whatsoever." a. Prohibitory Act b. Tea Act c. Boston Port Act d. Declaratory Act e. Administration of Justice Act

D

4. Mercantilists believed that a. A mother country needed to import more goods than it exported b. National power had no relationship to the size of one's colonial empire c. The mother country produced raw materials and colonies produced finished products d. A country's economic wealth could be measured by the amount of gold and silver in its treasury e. Colonies drained a country of its resources

D

45. In response to Boston's opposition to the Tea Act of 1773, the British Parliament decided to a. Take no action against the city b. Suspend the Tea Act c. Arrest only those who had organized the Boston Tea Party d. Take punitive action and make an example of Massachusetts e. Hold all of the American colonies responsible for the Boston Tea Party

D

46. When the Second Continental Congress first convened in May of 1775 a. Its members immediately developed a strong consensus in support of American independence b. It immediately severed communications with the British government c. It was hesitant to create a single Continental army d. There was no well-defined sentiment for American independence e. So-called "radicals" greatly outnumbered "moderate" delegates

D

5. The issue of religion figured most prominently in which of the following? a. Pizarro's conquest of the Incan empire in the 1530s b. The establishment of an English colony at Roanoke in the 1580s c. Coronado's expedition into the American southwest in the 1540s d. The establishment of English colonies in Massachusetts in the early 17th century e. The French relationship with the Huron and Ottawa Indian in the 18th century

D

21. The population growth of the American colonies during the late 17th and early 18th centuries was caused by all of the following except a. Immigration of European religious dissenters b. A relatively low death rate in most regions of colonial America c. The increased importation of slaves from Africa d. The influx of immigrants from Spanish territories in Latin America e. A relatively high birth rate among colonial families

D

51. The 1783 Treaty of Paris a. All of the following b. Gave the new United States control of all former British territories in North America c. Returned Canada to the French d. Required the US to compensate loyalists for property lost during the war e. Gave the colonies their independence from Britain, but left the Ohio Valley under British control

D

58. During the 1780s, the United States faced all of the following diplomatic problems except a. The pirates preyed upon American merchant shipping b. Indian resistance prevented substantial American settlement in the Northwest Territory c. The Spanish revoked the American "right of deposit" in New Orleans d. The French refused to abide by the terms of the 1778 Alliance treaty e. The British continued to deploy troops in American territory

D

62. For the Constitutional Convention to reach a sectionally acceptable agreement on the power of the national government to regulate commerce and levy import taxes, it was decided that a. A listing of individual rights would be added to the Constitution b. Trade with France and England would be banned c. Congress would not be able to tax either exports or imports d. The government would not be permitted to interfere with the slave trade for twenty years e. The national government would be able to regulate foreign trade but not interstate commerce

D

66. According to the provisions of the original Constitution all of the following were true except a. Members of the House of Representatives were to be popularly elected to two year terms b. The president was to be elected by the electoral college to serve any number of four year terms c. Members of the Senate were to be selected by their state legislatures to serve six year terms d. Judges of the Supreme Court were to be elected by the Congress to serve eight year terms e. Members of the electoral college were to be selected by their respective state legislatures

D

71. James Madison's 10th Federalist essay a. Called for the maintenance of the Articles of Confederation b. Explained the workings of the electoral college system c. Argued that the states rather than the national courts should have the final authority over all constitutional questions d. Argued that a large republic could more effectively address the problem of factions than could a smaller one e. Called for the suppression of anti-government newspapers through more stringent sedition laws

D

77. All of the following created substantial conflict between Federalists and Republicans during the 1790s except a. The Jay Treaty b. Alexander Hamilton's economic program c. The European conflict between France and Britain d. The Judiciary Act of 1789 e. Excise taxes and the Washington administration's use of force in response to the Whiskey Rebellion

D

81. The statement "the several states who formed that instrument, being sovereign and independent, have the unquestionable right to judge of its infraction and that a nullification, by those sovereignties, of all unauthorized acts done under color of that instrument, is the rightful remedy" is from: a. John Marshall's opinion in Marbury v. Madison b. George Washington's "Farewell Address" c. Alexander Hamilton's "Report on Manufactures" d. Thomas Jefferson's "Kentucky Resolution" e. John Marshall's opinion in McCulloch v. Maryland

D

83. Arrange the following events in chronological order. (A) Battle of Fallen Timbers, (B) XYZ Affair, (C) Jay Treaty, and (D) Kentucky and Virginia resolutions. a. C, B, A, D b. D, A, C, B c. B, C, A, D d. A, C, B, D e. A, B, D, C

D

84. The movement to expand the nation's educational system during the decades immediately following the Revolution (1780-1820) a. Succeeded in creating a comprehensive primary and secondary public education system throughout the United States by the time of the war of 1812 b. Saw little value in expanding educational opportunities for women c. Substantially increased the educational opportunities provided to southern slaves d. Was motivated primarily by the belief that republics needed a "virtuous and enlightened citizenry" in order to survive e. By 1820, offered the majority of Americans the opportunity to obtain a college education

D

85. Jefferson sought to make his victory in the election of 1800 a "revolution" by a. Attempting to crush the Federalist party with repressive legislation b. Moving to abolish immediately the Bank of the United States c. Refusing to expand the territorial limits of the United States d. Reducing substantially the size and expense of the national government e. Establishing a military alliance with France and declaring war on Great Britain

D

88. Which of the following best describes the Marbury v. Madison decision? a. It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation b. It supported Thomas Jefferson's claims in the Kentucky Resolution c. It supported William Marbury's claim to have the national bank re-chartered d. It affirmed the Supreme Court's power to exercise judicial review e. It affirmed the Senate's right to proved "advice and consent" on Presidential appointments

D

90. Which of the following were leaders of the Congressional War Hawks? a. Andrew Jackson and Oliver Hazzard Perry b. Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson c. John Quincy Adams and James Monroe d. Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun e. Daniel Webster and James Madison

D

94. Evidence of post-War of 1812 American nationalism can be seen in all of the following except a. A more forceful and energetic American foreign policy b. The celebration of republicanism in literature and architecture c. Widespread support for policies to expand the American economy d. A reduction in tariffs to encourage the resumption of imports e. A series of court decisions that increased federal government authority

D

14. In which of the British North American colonies was slavery legally established by the early 1700s? a. The southern colonies only b. The middle and southern colonies only c. The tobacco and rice producing colonies only d. All the colonies except New England and Pennsylvania e. All the colonies

E

16. All of the following were religious dissenters who left the Massachusetts Bay colony to settle elsewhere in New England except a. Anne Hutchinson b. Thomas Hooker c. Roger Williams d. John Davenport e. John Winthrop

E

20. In 1688, American colonists dissolved the Dominion of New England and escaped from the control of unpopular and autocratic governor Edmund Andros because a. James II removed him from office b. Andros died unexpectedly from dysentery c. James II feared a colonial rebellion and removed Andros to prevent it d. The English wanted to improve relations with the Iroquois Indians e. The English forced King James II to abdicate the throne and the colonists then deposed Andros

E

3. Spanish colonial enterprises exhibited all of the following characteristics except a. By the end of the 1500s, Spanish colonies were tightly controlled by the Spanish monarchy b. The Spanish employed native labor to extract wealth from their colonial territories c. Relatively few immigrants left Spain for permanent settlement in the New World d. Gold and silver mining were among the most successful Spanish colonial enterprises e. The Spanish were generally less interested in the Catholic conversion of native peoples than were other European colonial powers

E

32. The 1754 Albany Congress a. Established a military alliance with the Iroquois b. Declared the colonies independent of British rule c. Declared war on the Iroquois confederation d. Prohibited New England and New York from trading with the French West Indies e. Failed in its goal to establish a single colonial legislature

E

35. Before 1763, the Navigation Acts a. Were enforced heavily in the American colonies and were very effective b. Hurt Great Britain far more than they did the American colonies c. Were a great burden only to colonial slave traders d. Effectively discouraged smuggling by American colonial merchants e. Were only loosely enforced in the American colonies

E

37. The tax program of Prime Minister George Grenville included all of the following except a. Currency Act of 1764, restricting the printing of colonial money b. Stamp Act of 1765, taxing most printed documents c. Sugar Act of 1764, entail the diligent collection of duties on sugar d. Mutiny or Quartering Act of 1765, requiring colonists to assist in maintaining the army e. The Tea Act of 1765, requiring the colonists to purchase tea only from authorized British merchants

E

42. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Writs of Assistance, (B) Gaspee Affair, (C) Boston Massacre, (D) 2nd Continental Congress, and (E) Intolerable Acts. a. A, B, C, D, E b. D, B, E, C, A c. C, E, B, D, A d. E, B, A, C, D e. A, C, B, E, D

E

80. The event that was primarily responsible for precipitating the 1797 "Quasi-War" between the United States and France was the a. Passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts b. Citizen Genet Affair c. Pinckney Treaty with Spain d. Repeal of the Jay Treaty e. XYZ Affair

E

96. All of the Following were true of Henry Clay's "American System" except a. It called for protective tariffs to encourage domestic manufacturing b. It sought the re-chartering of the national bank c. It enjoyed widespread support in the years immediately following the War of 1812 d. It advocated using federal money for transportation development e. It sought an expansion of the money supply through increased issuing of state bank notes

E

99. Nativist sentiment in the antebellum era is best evidenced by the mergence of the a. Democratic Party b. Whig Party c. Republican Party d. Anti-Masonic Party e. Know-Nothing Party

E