APUSH - Period 4, 75 College Board Questions

The map shows the United States as it appeared in a. 1784 b. 1800 c. 1812 d. 1821 e. 1845

1821

Which of the following was NOT a result of the growth of a national market economy between 1815 and 1860 ? a. Increasing economic specialization b. The application of machinery to the mass production of goods c. A greater disparity of wealth between rich and poor Americans c. The beginnings of an organized labor movement e. A greater number of men working at home

A greater number of men working at home

Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in early nineteenth-century New England? a. A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities b. An agreement among the New England states to secede and for a New England confederacy c. A reform eliminating property-holding as a qualification for voting d. A strategy to defend New England during the War of 1812 e. A congressional reappointment plan during the 1820's

A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities

Thomas Jefferson believed all of the following EXCEPT: a. A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States. b. The farmer is the backbone of American society. c. The government is best that governs least. d. The president should practice republican simplicity. e. Freedom of speech is essential in a republic.

A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States.

William Lloyd Garrison established a newspaper that advocated which of the following issues? a. Abolition of slavery b. Restrictions on immigration c. Ratification of the Constitution d. The benefits of Manifest Destiny e. Development of railroads

Abolition of slavery

"Resolved, That woman is man's equal... "Resolved, That woman has too long rested satisfied in the circumscribed limits which corrupt customs... have marked out for her, and that it is time she should move in the enlarged sphere... assigned her. "Resolved, That it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise. "Resolved,... That, being invested by the Creator with the same capabilities, and the same consciousness of responsibility for their exercise, it is demonstrably the right and duty of woman, equally with man, to promote every righteous cause, by every righteous means." Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (Seneca Falls Convention), 1848 Which other "righteous cause" would participants in the Seneca Falls Convention have been most likely to support? a. Expansionism b. Nativism c. Abolitionism d. Conservationism

Abolitionism

The Missouri Compromise did which of the following? a. Prohibited slavery in all the territory of the Louisiana Purchase. b. Provided for admission of the Union of all future states in pairs of one free, one slave. c. Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state. d. Finally settled the question of congressional power over slavery in the territories. e. Provided for the annexation of Texas.

Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state.

The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following? a. Reaffirmed George Washington's goal of United States neutrality in the Americas. b. Helped Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secure the presidency in 1824. c. Established the United States as the dominant economic power in South America. d. Provided the basis for resolving Anglo-American border disputes. e. Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.

Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.

"Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind. Let us restore to social intercourse that harmony and affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things. And let us reflect that, having banished from our land that religious intolerance under which mankind so long bled and suffered, we have yet gained little if we countenance a political intolerance as despotic, as wicked, and capable of as bitter and bloody persecutions. . . . We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it." Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address, 1801 The excerpt best reflects which of the following? a. Conflicts over how the Constitution should be implemented and interpreted b. Fear that the United States would be overtaken by a foreign power c. Disagreement over the consequences of the French Revolution for the United States d. Secessionist pressures coming from slaveholders in the South

Conflicts over how the Constitution should be implemented and interpreted

"[George] Washington's gratitude was genuine . . . but the fact remains that the members of the association, who had embarked on a very unfeminine enterprise, were ultimately deflected into a traditional domestic role.... Ironically and symbolically, the Philadelphia women of 1780, who had tried to establish an unprecedented nationwide female organization, ended up as what one amused historian has termed 'General Washington's Sewing Circle.' "Male Revolutionary leaders too regarded women's efforts with wry condescension. . . . The women, on the other hand,... could reflect proudly that 'whilst our friends were exposed to the hardships and dangers of the fields of war for our protection, we were exerting at home our little labours to administer to their comfort and alleviate their toil.'" Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt? a. A record of deeds and land titles held by widows during the American Revolution b. Statistics showing the changes in average family size before and after the Revolution c. Correspondence between husbands and wives involved in Revolutionary politics d. Studies comparing the literacy rates for men and women during the Revolutionary era

Correspondence between husbands and wives involved in Revolutionary politics

"Resolved, That woman is man's equal.... "Resolved, That woman has too long rested satisfied in the circumscribed limits which corrupt customs... have marked out for her, and that it is time she should move in the enlarged sphere... assigned her. "Resolved, That it is the duty of the women of this country to secure to themselves their sacred right to the elective franchise. "Resolved,... That, being invested by the Creator with the same capabilities, and the same consciousness of responsibility for their exercise, it is demonstrably the right and duty of woman, equally with man, to promote every righteous cause, by every righteous means." Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions (Seneca Falls Convention), 1848 The language and themes of the excerpt were most directly inspired by the a. Articles of Confederation b. Declaration of Independence c. Northwest Ordinance d. United States Constitution

Declaration of Independence

In the decade following the publication of the image, which of the following groups expressed the most opposition to the exercise of power by the national government? a. Loyalists b. Whigs c. Federalists d. Democratic-Republicans

Democratic-Republicans

The Monroe Doctrine maintained that a. all nations and states in the Americas were territories of the United States b. European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the Americas c. Cuba, Texas, and Puerto Rico were protectorates of the United States d. Haiti would be established as a colony to be settled by formerly enslaved people from the United States e. the United States Congress could overrule the president's foreign policy initiatives in Latin America

European powers should not pursue any future colonization in the Americas

"As [political leader Henry] Clay envisioned it [in the 1820s], the American System constituted the... basis for social improvement.... Through sale of its enormous land holdings, the federal government could well afford to subsidize internal improvements. By levying protective tariffs, the government should foster the development of American manufacturing and agricultural enterprises that, in their infancy, might not be able to withstand foreign competition. The promotion of industry would create a home market for agricultural commodities, just as farms provided a market for manufactured products." Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Which of the following most directly made possible the ideas described in the excerpt? a. The emergence of monopolies that dominated entire businesses b. Innovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and interchangeable parts c. Farmers' creation of local, regional, and national organizations that resisted corporate power d. The significant influence of organized labor unions

Innovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and interchangeable parts

Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison? a. It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation. b. It supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have "executive review." c. It backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter. d. It affirmed the principle of judicial review. e. It determined the Senate's right to "advise and consent."

It affirmed the principle of judicial review.

The Second Great Awakening did which of the following? a. It resulted in a sharp decline in church membership. b. It increased Protestant toleration for Catholics and Jews. c. It produced increased respect for civil authority. d. It emphasized reason and logic over emotionalism in religious matters e. It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

It encouraged conversion to evangelical Christianity.

All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT: a. It opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers. b. It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements. c. It was made possible by the failure of Napoleon's forces to suppress a salve revolt in Haiti. d. It showed Jefferson's considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy. e. It violated Jefferson's own view concerning strict construction of the Constitution.

It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.

Which of the following is true of John Marshall's decision in McCulloch v. Maryland? a. It reversed his position on judicial review taken in Marbury v. Madison. b. It increased federal authority by invoking the doctrine of implied powers. c. It declared the Yazoo land claims fraudulent. d. It granted individual states the right to regulate interstate commerce. e. It found that Georgia's laws regulating the Cherokee Indians were constitutional.

It increased federal authority by invoking the doctrine of implied powers.

Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct? a. It was set up by the Treaty of Ghent at the end of the War of 1812. b. It was strongly promoted by Andrew Jackson. c. It permitted immigrants to be naturalized after living in the United States for five years. d. It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency. e. It called for an end to the European presence in South America.

It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency.

The graph above refutes which of the following statements? a. There were more Black people than White people in antebellum South. b. Most southern families held slaves. c. Most southern families lived in rural areas. d. The southern population was much smaller than that of the North. e. Slaveholders were an extremely powerful group.

Most southern families held slaves.

"[George] Washington's gratitude was genuine . . . but the fact remains that the members of the association, who had embarked on a very unfeminine enterprise, were ultimately deflected into a traditional domestic role.... Ironically and symbolically, the Philadelphia women of 1780, who had tried to establish an unprecedented nationwide female organization, ended up as what one amused historian has termed 'General Washington's Sewing Circle.' "Male Revolutionary leaders too regarded women's efforts with wry condescension. . . . The women, on the other hand,... could reflect proudly that 'whilst our friends were exposed to the hardships and dangers of the fields of war for our protection, we were exerting at home our little labours to administer to their comfort and alleviate their toil.'" Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 The women described in the excerpt would have most typically engaged in which of the following activities during the Revolutionary era? a. Writing plays in support of independence b. Campaigning for the right to vote as a wartime measure c. Joining militias so that they could fight on the front lines of battle d. Producing goods for the Patriot cause

Producing goods for the Patriot cause

"Joseph Smith... came from nowhere. Reared in a poor Yankee farm family, he had less than two years of formal schooling and began life without social standing or institutional backing. His family rarely attended church. Yet in the fourteen years he headed the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Smith created a religious culture that survived his death, flourished in the most desolate regions of the United States, and continues to grow worldwide....In 1830 at the age of twenty-four, he published the Book of Mormon....He built cities and temples and gathered thousands of followers before he was killed at age thirty-eight." Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 The goals of the Mormons, as described in the excerpt, were most like the goals of which of the following colonial groups? a. Puritans in New England b. Planters in the Chesapeake region c. French missionaries in the Great Lakes region d. Spanish settlers in California

Puritans in New England

"I conceive there lies a clear rule... that the elder women should instruct the younger and then I must have a time wherein I must do it. "If any come to my house to be instructed in the ways of God what rule have I to put them away?" "The power of the Holy Spirit dwelleth perfectly in every believer, and the inward revelations of her own spirit, and the conscious judgment of her own mind are of authority paramount to any word of God." Anne Hutchinson, 1630s The emphasis on personal salvation, which Hutchinson articulated in the 1630s, was most strongly echoed in which later movement? a. Second Great Awakening in the 1830s b. Social Gospel in the 1890s c. Anticommunism in the 1950s d. New conservatism in the 1980s

Second Great Awakening in the 1830s

"Joseph Smith... came from nowhere. Reared in a poor Yankee farm family, he had less than two years of formal schooling and began life without social standing or institutional backing. His family rarely attended church. Yet in the fourteen years he headed the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Smith created a religious culture that survived his death, flourished in the most desolate regions of the United States, and continues to grow worldwide....In 1830 at the age of twenty-four, he published the Book of Mormon....He built cities and temples and gathered thousands of followers before he was killed at age thirty-eight." Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 The developments described in the excerpt best illustrate which of the following? a. The Second Great Awakening b. The abolitionist movement c. The ideal of republican motherhood d. The increased acceptance of Catholics

The Second Great Awakening

The Supreme Court established which of the following by its ruling in Marbury v. Madison ? a. States have the authority to nullify acts of Congress. b. The Bank of the United States is constitutional under the implied powers clause. c. States may not interfere with interstate commerce. d. The Supreme Court has the authority to determine the constitutionality of congressional acts. e. Government contracts cannot be repealed by popular majority.

The Supreme Court has the authority to determine the constitutionality of congressional acts.

"I conceive there lies a clear rule... that the elder women should instruct the younger and then I must have a time wherein I must do it. "If any come to my house to be instructed in the ways of God what rule have I to put them away?" "The power of the Holy Spirit dwelleth perfectly in every believer, and the inward revelations of her own spirit, and the conscious judgment of her own mind are of authority paramount to any word of God." Anne Hutchinson, 1630s The ideas expressed in the excerpts have the most in common with which of the following? a. The Civil Rights movement of the 1960s, when African American women asserted their right to vote in federal elections b. The flapper culture of the 1920s, when women challenged gender roles through dress c. The women's liberation movement of the 1970s, when women sought to achieve gender equality in the workplace d. The antislavery movement of the 1840s, when women asserted their right to speak on behalf of the cause

The antislavery movement of the 1840s, when women asserted their right to speak on behalf of the cause

"Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind. Let us restore to social intercourse that harmony and affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things. And let us reflect that, having banished from our land that religious intolerance under which mankind so long bled and suffered, we have yet gained little if we countenance a political intolerance as despotic, as wicked, and capable of as bitter and bloody persecutions. . . . We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it." Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address, 1801 Which of the following issues of the period was Jefferson most likely concerned with in the excerpt? a. The growth of slave labor b. The creation of political parties c. The expansion of the right to vote d. The growth of various Protestant religious groups

The creation of political parties

"What do we mean by the Revolution? The war? That was no part of the Revolution; it was only an effect and consequence of it. The Revolution was in the minds of the people, and this was effected from 1760 to 1775, in the course of fifteen years, before a drop of blood was shed at Lexington." John Adams, former president of the United States, letter to Thomas Jefferson, former president of the United States, 1815 Which of the following aspects of life in the United States in the early nineteenth century most likely influenced Adams' recollection of Revolutionary events? a. The rapid development of the market revolution b. The development of a national culture and national identity c. The growing popularity of the idea of Manifest Destiny d. The rapid growth of a mass democracy

The development of a national culture and national identity

"Free should the scholar be,—free and brave. . . . We have listened too long to the courtly muses of Europe. . . . We will walk on our own feet; we will work with our own hands; we will speak our own minds. Then shall man be no longer a name for pity, for doubt, and for sensual indulgence. . . . A nation of men will for the first time exist." Ralph Waldo Emerson, transcendentalist writer, 1837 Emerson's remarks in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following developments during the early nineteenth century? a. The emergence of a national culture b. The Second Great Awakening c. The expansion of a market economy d. The growth of national political parties

The emergence of a national culture

"[George] Washington's gratitude was genuine . . . but the fact remains that the members of the association, who had embarked on a very unfeminine enterprise, were ultimately deflected into a traditional domestic role.... Ironically and symbolically, the Philadelphia women of 1780, who had tried to establish an unprecedented nationwide female organization, ended up as what one amused historian has termed 'General Washington's Sewing Circle.' "Male Revolutionary leaders too regarded women's efforts with wry condescension. . . . The women, on the other hand,... could reflect proudly that 'whilst our friends were exposed to the hardships and dangers of the fields of war for our protection, we were exerting at home our little labours to administer to their comfort and alleviate their toil.'" Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 During and immediately after the Revolutionary era, which of the following resulted most directly from the efforts of women such as those described in the excerpt? a. The extension of voting rights to women nationwide b. The reform of laws regarding women's property ownership c. The creation of a national network of abolitionist societies d. The ideal that women would teach republican values

The ideal that women would teach republican values

The expansion of a market economy in the early nineteenth century is reflected in which of the following? a. The decline of the slave system in the South b. The improvement of transportation and availability of goods c. The development of assembly-line production d. The formation of strong labor unions e. The continued growth of home labor and cottage industries

The improvement of transportation and availability of goods

Which of the following statements best characterizes the activists who attended the Seneca Falls Convention? a. They advocated better working conditions for children. b. They called for expanded women's rights. c. They supported Theodore Roosevelt for president. d. They advocated the conservation of natural resources. e. They endorsed assimilation of American Indians into White society.

They called for expanded women's rights.

"Build, therefore, your own world. As fast as you conform your life to the pure idea in your mind, that will unfold its great proportions. A correspondent revolution in things will attend the influx of the spirit." The 1836 passage above exemplifies which of the following intellectual trends? a. Evangelicalism b. Transcendentalism c. Abolitionism d. Mormon theology e. Pragmatist philosophy

Transcendentalism

Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement and trade between 1790 and 1830? a. Turnpikes and canals b. Railroads and steamships c. Turnpikes and railroads d. Clipper ships and turnpikes e. Canals and railroads

Turnpikes and canals

The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of a. the Free Soil party b. the evangelical churches in both the North and the South c. Abraham Lincoln in his debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Freeport, Illinois d. John Quincy Adams in his demands for repeal of the "gag rule" e. William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator

William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator

The picture above best expresses which of the following middle-class views about women in the mid-nineteenth century? a. Women were the moral and spiritual strength of the family. b. Women were naturally suited to become ministers. c. Women played a subordinate role to men in parenting children. d. Women had earned the right to vote due to their important role as mothers. e. Women should limit the number of their children by delaying marriage.

Women were the moral and spiritual strength of the family.

In the antebellum period, free African Americans were a. given the right of suffrage in most states b. protected from kidnapping under stringent provisions of the Fugitive Slave Act c. educated in integrated schools in most northern states d. able to settle in states in the Middle West without legal restriction e. able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination

able to accumulate some property in spite of discrimination

William Lloyd Garrison and the American Anti-Slavery Society were known for a. advocating immediate and uncompensated emancipation b. advocating colonization by former slaves in West Africa c. advocating the use of tariff revenues to purchase slaves from slaveholders d. opposing women's participation in public abolitionist meetings e. supporting the Kansas-Nebraska Act's provisions regarding slavery

advocating immediate and uncompensated emancipation

The United States House of Representatives responded to abolitionist agitation in the 1830s by a. approving appropriations to help finance colonization efforts b. prohibiting the slave trade in the District of Columbia c. limiting the publication of abolitionist writings to certain publishers d. banning discussion of antislavery petitions e. considering the passage of free speech laws to protect outspoken abolitionists

banning discussion of antislavery petitions

The Missouri Compromise was a victory for antislavery advocates because it a. provided for the gradual emancipation of slaves in Missouri b. excluded slavery from all territory north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi River c. prohibited slavery from future territorial acquisitions d. condemned the fugitive slave law e. closed most of the Louisiana Purchase to slavery

closed most of the Louisiana Purchase to slavery

Andrew Jackson vetoed the recharter of the Bank of the United States partly because he believed that the bank a. concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people b. gave too many loans to assist unstable state and local banks c. was secretly funding the abolitionist movement d. was overly subsidized by state tax monies e. planned to create new paper money unsupported by gold or silver

concentrated too much power in the hands of a few people

Most young women who worked in the Lowell, Massachusetts, textile mills during the 1830s experienced all of the following EXCEPT a. freedom from parental authority b. long hours and periodic pay cuts c. continued employment after marriage d. demands upon their wages by their families e. camaraderie with fellow workers

continued employment after marriage

The women's movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a. close links with the antislavery and temperance movements b. conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South c. involvement of middle-class women d. a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights e. demands for equal compensation for equal work

demands for equal compensation for equal work

A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was to a. expand slavery into new territories to preserve its economic viability b. improve diplomatic relations with European nations by allowing free immigration c. develop a national economy by improving transportation d. create more interest in politics by eliminating voting restrictions e. remove American Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River to prevent further conflicts

develop a national economy by improving transportation

Politics in the antebellum United States changed dramatically because a. expanded White male suffrage broadened participation in elections b. female suffrage became a topic of debate in the House of Representatives c. widespread electoral reform resulted in direct election of senators d. the power of the federal government expanded to ensure the equal protection of all citizens e. the government sought to assimilate American Indians in the West

expanded White male suffrage broadened participation in elections

President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he a. acknowledged the legitimacy of the Mexican government's claim to Texas b. feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery c. was ideologically opposed to territorial expansion d. could find no support within his own party for admitting Texas e. believed that admitting Texas would violate international law

feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery

All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT a. the gradual emancipation laws of individual states b. manumission granted for Revolutionary War service c. manumission granted by slaveholders' wills d. natural increase among free African Americans e. federal constitutional provisions for emancipation

federal constitutional provisions for emancipation

The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the a. home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit b. declining influence of women in the family structure c. economic value of children to families d. importance of religious education e. widening role of women in society

home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit

The Declaration of Sentiments (1848), issued at Seneca Falls, New York, called for a. an end to slavery b. compulsory public education c. temperance legislation d. increased rights for women e. improved factory working conditions

increased rights for women

A distinguishing feature of American society in the early nineteenth century was the a. increasing readership of newspapers b. lack of enthusiasm for religious reform c. embrace of an aristocratic hierarchy d. creation of original forms of art and architecture e. dislike of voluntary associations

increasing readership of newspapers

In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American Technology was his a. introduction of interchangeable parts b. development of the first practical locomotive c. invention of the mechanical reaper d. installation of the first textile mill e. development of steam power

introduction of interchangeable parts

In Marbury v. Madison, the United Stated Supreme Court affirmed a. its right to determine the constitutionality of state court decisions b. its right to determine the constitutionality of state laws c. its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments d. the sanctity of property rights against harassment by unfriendly state legislatures e. the broad scope of the federal government's commerce power

its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments

The majority of White families in the antebellum South owned a. more than 100 slaves b. 50 to 100 slaves c. 10 to 50 slaves d. 5 to 10 slaves e. no slaves

no slaves

During the first half of the nineteenth century, the central and western areas of New York were known as the "burned-over district" because a. of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening b. terrible fires had followed the clear-cut logging by pioneers in that part of the state c. the area had not recovered from the devastation of the War of 1812 d. American Indian settlements had been completely destroyed as settlers moved in and took over the land e. the region's economy had never revived after the hardships that followed the Whiskey Rebellion

of intense religious zeal created during the Second Great Awakening

"Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind. Let us restore to social intercourse that harmony and affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things. And let us reflect that, having banished from our land that religious intolerance under which mankind so long bled and suffered, we have yet gained little if we countenance a political intolerance as despotic, as wicked, and capable of as bitter and bloody persecutions. . . . We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. If there be any among us who would wish to dissolve this Union or to change its republican form, let them stand undisturbed as monuments of the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it." Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address, 1801 In highlighting "the safety with which error of opinion may be tolerated," Jefferson was referring most directly to a. passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts, which were designed to suppress criticism of the government b. Great Britain's efforts to deny colonists their political rights in the years before the American Revolution c. the use of government force to put down popular uprisings like Shays' Rebellion and the Whiskey Rebellion d. restrictive anti-American Indian policies that conflicted with the nation's professed political ideals

passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts, which were designed to suppress criticism of the government

The map above shows the United States immediately following the a. passage of the Northwest Ordinance b. negotiation of the Adams-Onis Treaty c. passage of the Missouri Compromise d. settlement of the Mexican War e. passage of the Compromise of 1850

passage of the Missouri Compromise

Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that a. an aristocracy posed no danger to the Republic b. the National Republicans alone knew what was right for the people c. political participation by the common man should be increased d. political rights should be granted to women e. franchise restrictions should be radically neutral

political participation by the common man should be increased

The United States went to war in 1812 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to a. end British claims for repayment of Loyalist debt b. prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory c. stop the British from searching and seizing American ships d. appease members of Congress who advocated war e. deal with conflicts between settlers and American Indians in the Northwest Territory

prevent France from recapturing the Louisiana Territory

The Louisiana Purchase proved politically troubling for Thomas Jefferson because of his a. previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution b. veto of funding for Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's expedition c. admiration of France's military power d. devotion to new methods of cartography e. disdain for involvement in a foreign country's affairs

previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution

"We, therefore, the people of the State of South Carolina, in convention assembled, do declare and ordain... that the several acts and parts of acts of the Congress of the United States, purporting to be laws for the imposing of duties and imposts on the importation of foreign commodities...are unauthorized by the Constitution of the United States, and violate the true meaning and intent thereof and are null, void, and no law, nor binding upon this State...." South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832 The excerpt most directly expresses an economic perspective that a. prioritized regional interests b. discouraged international trade c. sought to protect United States manufacturing d. supported the interests of organized labor unions

prioritized regional interests

The Southern economy before the Civil War increasingly a. diversified, with more industry and more mechanized agriculture b. produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry c. depended on immigrant labor d. produced tobacco and sugar rather than cotton e. depended on the North for raw materials

produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry

Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to a. promote business enterprise b. restrict federal powers of taxation c. restrict corporate development d. expand state control of economic activity e. reduce federal control of the economy

promote business enterprise

Thomas Jefferson disagreed with Alexander Hamilton's economic plan primarily because he feared that it would a. make the new nation dependent on foreign markets for its exports b. prevent the expansion of slavery to new states c. lead to a military alliance with Great Britain against revolutionary France d. lead to heavy taxes on whiskey producers in Pennsylvania e. promote urban mercantile interests at the expense of agricultural interests

promote urban mercantile interests at the expense of agricultural interests

The nullification crisis of 1832 arose over the issue of a. Andrew Jackson's use of the veto b. protective tariffs c. the Second Bank of the United States d. Jackson's American Indian removal policy e. the Missouri Compromise

protective tariffs

The method of mass production that developed during the nineteenth century was a process that a. relied on the use of power-driven machinery b. utilized wireless communications to improve efficiency c. gave workers greater autonomy, less supervision, and the chance to be creative d. relied on guilds to train artisans e. promoted more cooperation between labor unions and factory owners

relied on the use of power-driven machinery

Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT a. a tariff for the protection of industry b. internal improvements at national government expense c. sale of federal lands to finance higher education d. greater reliance on domestic financial resources e. increased trade among the sections of the nation

sale of federal lands to finance higher education

The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of a. freedom of the seas b. freedom of speech c. the institution of slavery d. states' rights e. presidential power in foreign affairs

states' rights

The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it a. established the role of the federal government in internal improvements b. strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions c. made the invention of the steamboat economically viable d. spurred innovation in the railroad industry e. was the last major canal project before the Civil War

strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions

The area marked X on the map was part of a. Massachusetts' Western Reserve b. the Northwest Territory c. the Louisiana Purchase d. the Mexican Cession c. the Oregon Country

the Louisiana Purchase

The dramatic increase in the South's slave labor force between 1810 and 1860 was due to a. an increase in the African slave trade b. the importation of slaves from the West Indies c. an increase in the severity of fugitive slave laws d. the acquisition of Louisiana e. the natural population increase of American-born slaves

the natural population increase of American-born slaves

When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans - we are all federalists," he meant that a. Americans would never ally themselves with monarchial governments b. federalists would be appointed to his cabinet c. the two parties' platforms were identical d. the principles of American government were above party politics e. he admired Hamilton's policies

the principles of American government were above party politics

Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT a. Indian removal b. the right of nullification c. the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States d. annexation of new territory e. use of the presidential veto power

the right of nullification

One distinguishing feature of the new middle class that emerged in the 1830s and 1840s was a. its members' tendency to be tolerant of religious diversity b. the separation of economic production from the home and family life c. the fact that almost all middle-class men attended graduate and professional schools d. its members' support for ending legal immigration from eastern Europe e. the fact that most married women worked outside the home to provide income for their families

the separation of economic production from the home and family life

President Monroe articulate the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to a. respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutions b. rule out United States involvement in South America c. provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of Panama d. warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere e. encourage Britain to help the fledging Latin American states

warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere

In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were a. young unmarried women from rural New England b. newly arrived immigrants form Ireland c. men who were heads of households d. married women whose children were of school age e. free African Americans form urban areas

young unmarried women from rural New England