APUSH Unit 5 - Test

The South after Reconstruction:

began to revert to many of their old ways and views

All of the following were advantages held by the Confederacy at the beginning of the Civil War except:

better infrastructure of roads and railroads

On what basis had the Compromise of 1850 hoped to restore national unity?

By reinforcing the notion of Federal protections of the institution of slavery

The ideas expressed in the cartoon above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?

Debates about access to voting rights

Which of the following groups would most clearly have supported this cartoonist's opinion on Reconstruction?

Democrats

"That the Executive will, in the 1st day of January aforesaid, by proclamation designate the states or parts of states, if any, in which the people thereof, respectively, shall then be in rebellion against the United States. . ." are words found in the:

Emancipation Proclamation

Widespread support for this cartoonist's viewpoint about Reconstruction most directly led to...

Federal troop withdrawal from the South following widespread Democrat opposition

"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

Fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1870)

Factors which led to Congressional Reconstruction include:

Johnson and Congress butting heads

"To protect the weak, the innocent, and the defenseless, from the indignities, wrongs, and outrages of the lawless, the violent, and the brutal; to relieve the injured and oppressed; to succor the suffering and unfortunate, and especially the widows and orphans of Confederate soldiers." This statement is found in the constitution of the:

KKK

All of the following states seceded from the United States before the attack on Fort Sumter except:

Kentucky

All of the following border states remained in the Union during the Civil War except:

Kentucky, Missouri, West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware were border states

According to Stephen Douglas, the best way to resolve the question of the status of slavery in Kansas and Nebraska was to:

Let popular sovereignty decide

The statements in the Emancipation Proclamation were designed to do all the following except:

Liberating slaves in the North

In Ex parte Merryman (1861), the Supreme Court ruled that:

Lincoln exceeded his power by suspending the writ of habeas corpus

All the following states reported disputed returns in the 1876 election except:

Louisiana, Florida, South Carolina, and Oregon were disputed

The Copperheads were:

Northern Democrats opposing the war

In 1865, the Union troops made their final push against Richmond by capturing:

Petersburg

The average citizen had a more vivid impression of the Civil War than previous wars because for the first time there were:

Photographs

Which of the following 20th-century issues most closely parallels the controversy depicted in the cartoon above?

The Civil Rights movement

During which of the following periods was the most progress made in protecting the rights promised by these three amendments?

The Great Society

Which of the following had most strongly contributed to the sectionalism that Brands argues was made worse by the Compromise of 1850?

The economic and social changes in the North, while the South solidified its plantation traditions

The controversy highlighted in the cartoon above most directly led to...

The emergence of more vigorous Southern resistance to African American rights

The inflammation of "sectional passions" referenced in the passage had been sparked by which of the following?

The increasing influence of abolitionists in the North

The demands of the passage above were most clearly granted by...

The passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments

The sentiments expressed in the cartoon above most directly contributed to which of the following?

The ratification of the 14th and 15th Amendments

The Union raised money to finance the Civil War by all the following means except:

They used income taxes, printing small amounts of money, excise taxes, and tariffs

"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States."

Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1865)

The Black Codes enacted by Southern states during reconstruction were designed to:

deny equal rights to African Americans

The Lincoln-Douglas debates did all the following except:

gained Douglas more support in the South

The Republican Party of the 1850s was pledged to:

halt the expansion of slavery

In Ex parte Milligan (1866), the Supreme Court ruled that:

martial law cannot exist while civil courts are still in session

At the beginning of the Civil War, the main military objective of the North was to:

preserve the Union

Most African Americans in the post Civil War years were employed as:

sharecroppers

The intent of these amendments was most directly undermined by...

sharecropping

The calls for equality in the passage above most directly built upon...

the influence of Second Great Awakening ideals about morality and social justice

Which of the following groups would most strongly have supported the position described in this passage?

Radical Republicans

President Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was based on the assumption that a Confederate state could reenter the Union when:

10% of voters pledged loyalty to the Union and slavery was abolished

According to the terms of the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867:

5 military districts, African American freedmen suffrage

Which of the following gradually weakened the "strong government" pictured in the cartoon in the years leading up to the 1876 election?

A decline in the political will of the North to continue to enforce Reconstruction

Which of the following best explains the ideology behind the three amendments listed here?

A desire to legislate changes to the nation's concept of citizenship and liberty

"I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the States where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." These words were spoken in 1861 by:

Abraham Lincoln during his first inaugural address

Which of the following best describes the results of Reconstruction efforts toward the goals expressed in the passage?

Although early Republican efforts yielded short-term victories for freedmen, the failure to substantially change the social and economic conditions of the South doomed long-term progress for a century

In 1867, Congress became the most powerful branch of government by doing all the following except:

First and Second Reconstruction Acts, Tenure of Office Act

Many of the working class people in the North were not enthusiastic about freeing the slaves because they would:

Flood the job market

"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."

Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1868)

Two major turning point battles of the Civil War were:

Gettysburg and Vicksburg

"When Daniel Webster declared, after the passage of the Compromise of 1850, that the Union stood firm, the great orator was engaging in exhortation rather than description. The California compromise, far from soothing sectional passions, inflamed them. Many northerners were incensed by the opening of Utah and New Mexico to slavery, and were even more outraged by the Fugitive Slave Act... In pounding on the Union's door in 1850, California awakened the dogs of division and set them howling all at once. From the Compromise of 1850 ran a straight, if tortured, path to southern secession and Civil War."

H.W. Brands, The Age of Gold (2002)

The abolitionist associated most closely with the Underground Railroad was:

Harriet Tubman

Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction had in common all the following except:

Presidential reconstruction was kind to the South, while Congressional reconstruction wanted the South to pay for their rebellion.

The rapid industrialization of the North after the Civil War was due to:

Pro-Northern legislation being passed during the Civil War

The Republican Party platform in 1860 stood for:

Protective tariffs, construction of a transcontinental railroad, free homesteads, and non-extension of slavery

Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the perspective of the cartoon?

Radical Republicans

"We claim exactly the same rights, privileges, and immunities as are enjoyed by white men-we ask nothing more and will be content with e entitled to ride in nothing less... The law no longer knows white nor black, but simply men, and consequently we are entitled to ride in public conveyances, hold office, sit on juries, and do everything else which we have in the past been prevented from doing solely on the ground of color."

Report of the Colored Convention in Alabama (1865)

". . . feeling that valour and devotion could accomplish nothing that could compensate for the loss that would have attended the continuation of the contest, I have determined to avoid the useless sacrifice of those whose past services have endeared them to their countrymen." These farewell words were spoken by:

Robert E. Lee

All of the following attributes describe the Know Nothing party except:

Sectionalist

The North and the South began to split in the middle of the 19th century over:

Slavery

In Dred Scott v. Sanford, the Supreme Court ruled that Scott should remain a slave for all of the following reasons except:

Slavery was a positive food for American society

Scalawags were:

Southerners who supported reconstruction and cooperation with freed slaves

Which of the following groups most actively opposed the efforts of these amendments?

State and local officials in the South

The North, during the Civil War, had all the following advantages except:

Superior military leaders

The strategy of the Union forces included all the following except:

The Union's plan included a naval blockade, control the Mississippi River, capture Richmond, break Confederate morale by attacking Atlanta and Savannah, use their numerical advantage to engage on multiple fronts

Which of the following developments most strongly supports Brands's argument?

The weakening of national parties even as new, regional parties rose to take their place

All of the following acts were passed by Congress during the Civil War except the:

They passed the Homestead Act, railroad acts, and the Morrill Act

The Confederacy financed the war through each of the following sources except:

they used printing money, income taxes, tariffs