APush unit 9 study guide (o_o")

Okies

Families from the Dust bowl, many from Oklahoma that traveled to California or other areas with better conditions. They found jobs in defense industries during WW2 in Cal.

Hoovervilles

communities of makeshift towns during the Depression. People blamed Hoover for their circumstance..were hobos

Immigration act of 1924

cut quotas for foreigners from 3% to 2%. Varying countries were only allowed to send a certain number of its citizens to the US each year, completely barred out Japan.

National recovery act purpose

designed to encourage industrial recovery, helped combat unemployment, regulate trade, and establish minimum wage and max hours. It began to fail because it required too much self sacrifice on part of the industry labor and public

Dust bowl; causes

dry farming, drought, wind, and soil erosion.

Biggest problem facing FDR at the beginning

the biggest problem facing FDR when he became president was unemployment and international trading stopped

FDR

32nd president. Elected to 4 terms in office and is the only president to have served more than two. He was a central figure during the GD and in WW2. SHaped from polio as patient, tolerant, compassionate, and had a strength of will

Muscle Shoals

A bill that was designed to dam the TN river and sell government produced electricity in competition with citizens in private companies. Vetoed by Hoover in 1936. Congress had drafted the bill to harness energy from the Teneesee river, but Hoover refused to lower steep tariffs or support a "socialist" relief proposal such as this bill.

Wagner Act of 1935

A new Deal legislation. Established defined unjust labor practices, secured workers the right to bargain collectively and established the National Labor Relations Board.

Tennessee Valley Authoriy

A new deal agency created to generate electric power and control floods in a 7 state region around the Tennessee River valley. it created many dams that provided electricity and jobs which further increased migration west. ( The biggest controversy was that it was the first federal business to compete with private industries.)

1932 Democratic platform

A new deal( which at this time FdR was vague on the details). A balanced budget, repeal prohibition, and social and economic rights.

Hundred Days

A special session of congress that FDR called to launch his New deal programs. Lasted about 3 months (100 days) Congress loved Roosevelt

"Championship of the Dispossessed"

AKA Eleanor Roosevelt. FDR's wife and new deal supporter. A great supporter of civil rights and opposed Jim crow Laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women. SHe also helped a multitude of other social groups.

indian New deal

AKA indian reorganization act. established conservation and CCC projects and so Native Americans involved in work programs administration and New Deal programs. It repealed the Dawes Act and supported Natives preservation of their land cultures

Margaret Sanger

An American birth control activist and the founder of the American birth control league

Securities and Exchange Commission

An independent agency of the government that regulates financial markets and investment companies (SEC)(prevent stock watering)

Kellogg Briand Pact

An international agreement between countries to never engage in war except for defensive purposes. Unrealistic. Japan is the first to violate when they attack china.

African AMericans in the 1932 election

Beginning in the election of 1932, African Americans became, notably in the urban centers of the North, a vital element for the Democratic Party. Up until this time, African Americans leaned towards Republicans (Lincoln)

CCC (purpose)

Civillian Conservation Corps. employed 3 million young adults to work on projects that benefited the public. Helped give men jobs, which gave families a stable income. reforestation, firefighitng...etc

resettlement Administration

Established in 1935 and its successor the Farm Security Administration in 1937 gave farmers loans to move to better lands, this proved unsuccessful

Chief Administrator of relief

FDR's chief administrator of relief was Harry Hopkins

1939 Election

FDR's landslide win over Landon acted as a ratification of his New Deal concepts. FDR and congress was shown that FDR had a mandate from the electorate to his leadership

New Deal programs

FDR's program for relief, recovery, and reform that creates modern welfare state. AAA CWA CCC FERA FDIC NIRA NYA PWA REA SEA SSA NCRB WPA

FDR court Packing.

FDR's proposal in 1937 to reform the supreme court by adding a new judge for every judge over 70. SCourt had disagreed with many of his policies about New deal programs. Congress believed FDR's proposal endangered the Court's independence and said NO.

FDR's promise on attacking the Great depression

He called fro a New deal which included attacks on the Hoover Deficits and a promise to balance the federal budget.

Teapot Dome

Naval oil reserve in Wyoming that gave its name to one of the Major Harding administration scandals; Albert Fish (sec. of the interior) was given bribes for government lands

Ohio gang

Poker playing cronies from Harking's Native state who contributed to the morally loose atmosphere in his administration

PWA (purpose)

Public Works Administration, provided recovery and unemployment relief. Build Grand Coulee dam.

Nation Labor Relations Act

Replaced the National Industrial Recovery Act after it was declared unconstitutional. Guaranteed a workers right to join the union; and a unions right to bargain collectively basically the Wagner Act.

Herbert Hoover

Republican Candidate who presumed presidency in 1929 promising prosperity (Ironic) and attempted to deal with the Great depression by trying to restore public faith in the community.

George W Norris

Senator of NE had the idea of the TVA which brought cheap electric power. Most revolutionary of the new Deal schemes.

SSA purpose

Social Security Act. Created a federal insurance recovery and unemployment relief. SOial security act. Created a federal insurance program based on the automatic collection of taxes from employees and employers throughout people's working careers. They would receive this money in a monthly pension when the person reached 65.. IN general it provided money for people who could not work or no longer had a steady income.

Managed currency

Term made by FDR which aimed to stimulate inflation. FDR took the country off the gold standard and then inflated the currency by buying gold at higher prices: relieved the debtor.

Keynesian Economics

Theory based on the principals of John Maynard Keynes, stating that government spending should increase during business slumps and curbed during booms.

Glass Steagall act

This act forbade commercial banks from engaging in excessive speculation, added 1 billion in gold to economy and establish the FDIC (federal deposit insurance Corporation

John T scopes

Was indicted for teaching evolution in TN. His trial was listened to all over the country, this trial represented fundamentalists vs modernists. Fined $100, seems like a fundamentalist victory but in actuality it made them look bad.

WPA purpose

Work Projects Administration. Large federal employment program provided jobs in infrastructure like (buildings, roads, etc) 9 million people were given jobs.

Congress of Industrial Organizations

led by John Lewis which originally began as a group of unskilled workers who organized themselves into effective unions. As their popularity grew, they cam to be known for the idea of the sit down strike...led to Fair labor standard Act. Broke away from the american federation of labor, but rejoined later..

20th Amendment

postponed the inauguration to January 20th instead of March 4th

21st AMmendment

repeal prohibition, and set new limit to 21, only time amendment repeals amendment. Alcohol serves as a tax revenue for Government.

Federal Securities Act

the 1933 act which required promoters to transmit to the investor sworn info regarding the soundness of their stocks and bonds.