apush unit three test
Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in early nineteenth-century New England? A - A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities B - An agreement among the New England states to secede and for a New England confederacy C - A reform eliminating property-holding as a qualification for voting D - A strategy to defend New England during the War of 1812 E - A congressional reappointment plan during the 1820's
A - A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities
The Panic of 1819 caused which of the following outcomes? A - American cotton and wheat prices plummeted over 50 percent. B - The Bank of the United States revoked state banks' charters. C - State banks instituted more generous lending practices. D - The U.S. government moved to increase economic regulations.
A - American cotton and wheat prices plummeted over 50 percent.
"Be it enacted ... That after the five and twentieth day of March, 1698, no goods or merchandizes whatsoever shall be imported into, or exported out of, any colony or plantation to his Majesty, in Asia, Africa, or America ... in any ship or bottom, but what is or shall be of the built of England, Ireland, or the said colonies or plantations ... and navigated with the masters and three fourths of the mariners of the said places only ... under pain of forfeiture of ships and goods." — English Parliament, Navigation Act, 1696 The goals presented in the excerpt from the act have the most in common with which of the following? A - Increases in the federal tariff in the 1820s B - Progressive Era antitrust reforms in the 1900s C - Free-trade policies in the 1990s D - Federal tax reductions in the 2000s
A - Increases in the federal tariff in the 1820s
Which of the following statements describes the American Waltham plan, which was later known as the Lowell system? A - Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories. B - Waltham factory owners received one of 1,000 patents offered for new inventions. C - Despite their efforts, the Waltham factory owners could not compete with their English rivals. D - The plan created the world's first ever comprehensive textile factory.
A - Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories
Which of the following were the three key elements of Clay's American system? A - Protective tariff, subsidized internal improvements, and the national bank B - Subsidized internal improvements, the national bank, and patronage C - Slavery, patronage, and subsidized internal improvements D - Protective tariff, patronage, and subsidized internal improvements
A - Protective tariff, subsidized internal improvements, and the national bank
Which of the following families helped to establish American immigration into what would later be known as Texas? A - The Austins B - The Taylors C - The Slidells D - The Dallas'
A - The Austins
The transformation that occurred as American factories and farms turned out more goods, and merchants and legislators created faster and cheaper ways to get those products to consumers, was known as which of the following? A - The Market Revolution B - The Technological Revolution C - The Economic Revolution D - The Consumer Revolution
A - The Market Revolution
Which of the following carried settlers from Independence, MO to find land claims along the Pacific Coast? A - The Oregon Trail B - The Mormon Trail C - The California Trail D - The Camino Real
A - The Oregon Trail
Which of the following statements describes events surrounding the election of 1824? A - The Republican candidate William Crawford died from a stroke in the midst of the campaign. B - It was the first time a presidential election was decided by the House of Representatives. C - The disputed outcome led to extended rioting in several large southern cities. D - John Quincy Adams became president even though Andrew Jackson had more popular votes.
A - The Republican candidate William Crawford died from a stroke in the midst of the campaign.
Why did the United States decline to annex Texas in 1837? A - There was a fear that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery. B - Texans refused to legalize slavery, which was the only condition on which southern politicians would accept Texan statehood. C - President Van Buren could not convince the Whig-dominated Senate to accept the treaty. D - The U.S. Congress refused annexation because it did not want to assume Texas' large Mexican population.
A - There was a fear that annexation would spark an American civil war over the issue of slavery.
Which of the following transportation developments opened the West to settlement and trade between 1790 and 1830? A - Turnpikes and canals B - Railroads and steamships C - Turnpikes and railroads D - Clipper ships and turnpikes E - Canals and railroads
A - Turnpikes and canals
The popular 1844 phrase 'Fifty-four forty or fight!' served as A - a push for American control of the entire Oregon territory. B - the battle cry for the Mexican War. C - the charge of people involved in the gold rush. D - a political slogan for Martin Van Buren.
A - a push for American control of the entire Oregon territory.
The development of the early nineteenth-century concept of "separate spheres" for the sexes encouraged all of the following EXCEPT A - accepting women as intellectual equals of men B - idealizing the home as a haven in a competitive world C - designating the home as the appropriate place for a woman D - emphasizing childrearing as a prime duty of a woman E - establishing a moral climate in the home
A - accepting women as intellectual equals of men
Which of the following was the critical issue facing political parties in the late 1840s? A - expansion of slavery B - fate of Native Americans in the West C - acquisition of Oregon D - Annexation of Texas
A - expansion of slavery
The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the A - home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit B - declining influence of women in the family structure C - economic value of children to families D - importance of religious education E - widening role of women in society
A - home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit
In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American Technology was his A - introduction of interchangeable parts B - development of the first practical locomotive C - invention of the mechanical reaper D - installation of the first textile mill E - development of steam power
A - introduction of interchangeable parts
Under Chief Justice John Marshall, Supreme Court decisions tended to A - promote business enterprise B - restrict federal powers of taxation C - restrict corporate development D - expand state control of economic activity E - reduce federal control of the economy
A - promote business enterprise
Throughout the first half of the nineteenth century, women reformers were most active in the cause of A - temperance B - woman suffrage C - pacifism D - immigrants' rights E - workers' rights
A - temperance
The cotton complex refers to A - the relationship between northern industry and southern agriculture B - the industrial company that was created to handle the massive C - C - production increase in the South D - the rigid social structure that was created in the Deep South the rise of sectionalism between the North and the South
A - the relationship between northern industry and southern agriculture
James K. Polk's declaration that American blood had been shed 'on American soil' was his call for A - war with Mexico B - revolution in California C - war for Oregon D - an end to the fighting in Kansas
A - war with Mexico
In the early 1830's, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were A - young unmarried women from rural New England B - newly arrived immigrants form Ireland C - men who were heads of households D - married women whose children were of school age E - free African Americans form urban areas
A - young unmarried women from rural New England
How did the federal government aid the growth of American industry in the first half of the nineteenth century? A - By prohibiting labor unions B - By passing protective tariffs C - By building canals D - By giving tax breaks to large businesses
B - By passing protective tariffs
Who is responsible for revolutionizing the cotton empire with the invention of the cotton gin? A - Walt Whitman B - Eli Whitney C - Samuel Morse D - Samuel Slater
B - Eli Whitney
How did Andrew Jackson respond to South Carolina's claimed right of nullification in 1832? A - Jackson asked Congress to prepare a bill to expel South Carolina from the Union if it did not stop its threats. B - He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification. C - Jackson asked Congress to raise the tariff rates even higher if South Carolina did not stop its threats. D - He pulled federal troops and navy ships out of forts and ports in South Carolina where they might have provoked an attack by the South Carolina militia.
B - He asked Congress for a Force Bill authorizing him to use the military to suppress any act of nullification.
Which of these statesmen played a critical role in creating and passing the 1820 Missouri Compromise? A - Thomas Cobb B - Henry Clay C - James Tallmadge D - Thomas Jefferson
B - Henry Clay
All of the following accurately describe Jefferson's purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France EXCEPT: A - It opened the Mississippi River permanently to western farmers. B - It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements. C - It was made possible by the failure of Napoleon's forces to suppress a salve revolt in Haiti. D - It showed Jefferson's considerable flexibility in dealing with foreign policy. E - It violated Jefferson's own view concerning strict construction of the Constitution.
B - It ended the threat of American Indian raids on western settlements.
The South Carolina Exposition and Protest, written by John C. Calhoun, bore a similarity to the argument made by which of the following people? A - Thomas Paine in Common Sense B - Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions C - George Washington in his farewell address D - John Marshall in Marbury v. Madison
B - Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
For which of the following reasons did New York's state government fund the building of the Erie Canal in 1817? A - New York wanted to show off their canal building superiority B - New Yorkers sought to link the Hudson River with the Great Lakes. C - The state was required to provide publicly funded jobs to the state's unemployed workers. D - New York City needed to increase its supply of fresh drinking water.
B - New Yorkers sought to link the Hudson River with the Great Lakes.
The theme of individualism is most evident in the writings of A - Jonathan Edwards B - Ralph Waldo Emerson C - George Fitzhugh D - Washington Irving E - Nathaniel Hawthorne
B - Ralph Waldo Emerson
The Jefferson administration advocated which of the following changes as a means of restoring republican ideals? A - Abolishing the Bank of the United States B - Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government C - Discontinuing the funding of state debts D - Increasing the size of the United States military E - Adopting the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions at the national level
B - Reducing the scope of activities of the federal government
The cotton boom that began in the 1810s set which of the following results in motion? A - An increase in the legal importation of slaves B - The redistribution of the African American population due to the internal slave trade in the South C - The beginnings of a manumission (freeing of slaves) movement in the South D - A wave of European immigration to the South
B - The redistribution of the African American population due to the internal slave trade in the South
Which of the following was an outcome or effect of the Market Revolution on the average worker? A - Labor unions received overwhelming government support for their rights. B - Workers became wage earners who labored under the control of an employer C - Skilled craftsmen found their talents in great demand and quickly rose to the rank of upper class. D - Increasing numbers of white Americans became self-employed.
B - Workers became wage earners who labored under the control of an employer
Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to A - remove the French from forts along the Mississippi valley B - acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops C - acquire territory for the expansion of slavery D - oppose New England Federalism E - demonstrate friendship for the French in the Napoleonic Wars
B - acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops
The immediate effect of Andrew Jackson's attack on the Second Bank of the United States in 1834 was A - the creation of the "independent treasury" B - an expansion of credit and speculation C - the failure of state banks D - the establishment of modern banking regulations E - the creation of a federal deficit
B - an expansion of credit and speculation
Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 in reply to Senator Hayne is best remembered for its A - attack on the Tariff of Abominations B - defense of the principle of national union C - assertion of the idea of States' rights D - apology for New England's disloyalty in the War of 1812 E - praise for President Andrew Jackson
B - defense of the principle of national union
Perfectionism in the mid-nineteenth century is best defined as A - improvement in the manners of the lower classes B - faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will C - the rewards of church membership and regular attendance at Sunday services D - allegiance to the political tenets of Jacksonian Democracy E - belief in the inevitability of economic progress
B - faith in human capacity to achieve a better life on earth through conscious acts of will
President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he A - acknowledged the legitimacy of the Mexican government's claim to Texas B - feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery C - was ideologically opposed to territorial expansion D - could find no support within his own party for admitting Texas E - believed that admitting Texas would violate international law
B - feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery
Which of the following methods was a highly uncommon form of slave resistance in the slave South? A - faking illness B - large-scale uprisings C - running away D - individual acts of violence
B - large-scale uprisings
The National Road was constructed primarily for the purpose of A - demarcating the southwestern boundary of the Louisiana Purchase B - promoting trade and communication with the Old Northwest C - opening the Southwest to ranchers D - assisting the movement of settlers to the Oregon Country E - relieving overpopulation and crowding in the Northeast
B - promoting trade and communication with the Old Northwest
The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it A - established the role of the federal government in internal improvements B - strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions C - made the invention of the steamboat economically viable D - spurred innovation in the railroad industry E - was the last major canal project before the Civil War
B - strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions
Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT A - Indian removal B - the right of nullification C - the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States D - annexation of new territory E - use of the presidential veto power
B - the right of nullification
The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery in which of the following regions of the Louisiana Purchase? A - All the lands south of latitude 36°30′ except for the state of Missouri B - All of Louisiana C - All the lands north of latitude 36°30′ except for the state of Missouri D - Only in Missouri
C - All the lands north of latitude 36°30′ except for the state of Missouri
By 1860, the majority of African Americans lived and worked as slaves in which of the following regions? A - Northeast B - Midwest C - Deep South D - Upper South
C - Deep South
Which of the following statements about the Monroe Doctrine is accurate? A - It was announced by the President over the serious objections of Secretary of State John Quincy Adams. B - It was issued simultaneously with a British policy statement on Latin America. C - It stressed that Europe and the Western Hemisphere had essentially different political systems. D - It was immediately accepted as international law. E - It was promptly challenged militarily by the "Concert of Europe."
C - It stressed that Europe and the Western Hemisphere had essentially different political systems.
Which of the following statements characterizes Andrew Jackson's intentions toward Native Americans during his presidency? A - Jackson intended to force Native Americans to comply with federal treaties, even when they ran counter to the national interest. B - He sought better relations with the "civilized" Indians of the Old Southwest, encouraging them to continue their adaptation to white ways. C - Jackson meant to remove all Native Americans east of the Mississippi, even those who had adapted to white society. D - He planned to encourage missionaries to convert the tribes east of the Mississippi River to Christianity and white culture.
C - Jackson meant to remove all Native Americans east of the Mississippi, even those who had adapted to white society.
Which man who sought the presidency in 1844 is matched with the correct description? A - James Birney—proslavery Whig president who unsuccessfully tried to win the Democratic Party's nomination B - Henry Clay—former Democratic president who unsuccessfully tried to win his party's nomination C - James Polk—expansionist, dark-horse candidate of the Democratic Party who won the election D - John Tyler—Whig candidate who eventually supported the annexation of Texas and narrowly lost the election
C - James Polk—expansionist, dark-horse candidate of the Democratic Party who won the election
The power of elected officials to grant government jobs to party members in return for their loyalty is known as which of the following systems? A - Nepotism B - The Whig System C - Patronage or the Spoils System D - Caucusing
C - Patronage or the Spoils System
What aspect of early nineteenth-century American government had the founders condemned as contrary to republican ideals? A - The two-term presidency B - The committee system in Congress C - Political parties D - The Supreme Court's judicial review
C - Political parties
Which of the following resulted from the policies of the Andrew Jackson administration? A - A central bank was established. B - The value of paper currency issued by individual banks became uniform. C - The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased. D - A nationwide banking system was begun. E - Federal fiscal activities became linked to a system of federal banks.
C - The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased.
The Missouri Compromise did which of the following? A - Prohibited slavery in all the territory of the Louisiana Purchase. B - Provided for admission of the Union of all future states in pairs of one free, one slave. C - Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state. D - Finally settled the question of congressional power over slavery in the territories. E - Provided for the annexation of Texas.
C - allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state
An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the A - taxation of consumer items B - reelection of Andrew Jackson C - enunciation of the doctrine of nullification D - alliance of Southern planters and Western farmers E - expansion of the New England textile industry
C - enunciation of the doctrine of nullification
In Marbury v. Madison, the United Stated Supreme Court affirmed A - its right to determine the constitutionality of state court decisions B - its right to determine the constitutionality of state laws C - its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments D - the sanctity of property rights against harassment by unfriendly state legislatures E - the broad scope of the federal government's commerce power
C - its right to determine the constitutionality of congressional enactments
The map above shows the United States immediately following the A - passage of the Northwest Ordinance B - negotiation of the Adams-Onis Treaty C - passage of the Missouri Compromise D - settlement of the Mexican War E - passage of the Compromise of 1850
C - passage of the Missouri Compromise
Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that A - an aristocracy posed no danger to the Republic B - the National Republicans alone knew what was right for the people C - political participation by the common man should be increased D - political rights should be granted to women E - franchise restrictions should be radically neutral
C - political participation by the common man should be increased
Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT A - a tariff for the protection of industry B - internal improvements at national government expense C - sale of federal lands to finance higher education D - greater reliance on domestic financial resources E - increased trade among the sections of the nation
C - sale of federal lands to finance higher education
In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from A - the White residents of Oklahoma B - President Andrew Jackson C - the United States Supreme Court D - the Democratic press E - the United States Congress
C - the United States Supreme Court
Which of these factors created a major economic obstacle for small, family farmers aiming to improve their plight in the South during the mid-1800s? A - Competition from immigrant labor B- export taxes on their products C - the planter aristocracy's control of the cotton industry D- poor distribution networks
C - the planter aristocracy's control of the cotton industry
The map shows the United States as it appeared in A - 1784 B - 1800 C - 1812 D - 1821 E - 1845
D - 1821 (Louisiana Purchase)
Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison? A - It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation. B - It supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have "executive review." C - It backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter. D - It affirmed the principle of judicial review. E - It determined the Senate's right to "advise and consent."
D - It affirmed the principle of judicial review.
Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct? A - It was set up by the Treaty of Ghent at the end of the War of 1812. B - It was strongly promoted by Andrew Jackson. C - It permitted immigrants to be naturalized after living in the United States for five years. D - It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency. E - It called for an end to the European presence in South America.
D - It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency.
What did nineteenth-century American expansionists mean by the term Manifest Destiny? A - Americans were culturally equal to the native and Hispanic populations to the west. B - The western boundaries of the United States should stop at the Rocky Mountains. C - Protestantism and the American form of government should be established in Mexico. D - The citizens of the United States had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean
D - The citizens of the United States had a God-given right to conquer the land to the Pacific Ocean
Members of the Hudson River School were best known for their paintings of A - portraits B - battle scenes C - sporting scenes D - landscapes E - still lifes
D - landscapes
Most Progressives sought all of the following EXCEPT the A - democratization of the political structure B - reformation of children's labor laws C - expansion of women's rights D - legislative creation of socialist commonwealth E - application of "scientific methods" to solve social problems
D - legislative creation of socialist commonwealth
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of A - freedom of the seas B - freedom of speech C - the institution of slavery D - states' rights E - presidential power in foreign affairs
D - states' rights
The election of 1800 has been referred to as constituting "another revolution" because A - the House of Representatives decided the election B - a Supreme Court decision was required to dislodge the Federalists C - voter turnout increased dramatically D - the party in power stepped down after losing the election E - force was required to get John Adams to leave the White House
D - the party in power stepped down after losing the election
When Thomas Jefferson said in 1801, "We are all republicans - we are all federalists," he meant that A - Americans would never ally themselves with monarchial governments B - federalists would be appointed to his cabinet C - the two parties' platforms were identical D - the principles of American government were above party politics E - he admired Hamilton's policies
D - the principles of American government were above party politics
President Monroe articulate the Monroe Doctrine in his 1823 address to Congress primarily in order to A - respond positively to the recent Latin American revolutions B - rule out United States involvement in South America C - provide a rationale for United States intervention in the Isthmus of Panama D - warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere E - encourage Britain to help the fledging Latin American states
D - warn European nations against further colonial ventures in the Western Hemisphere
The Trail of Tears was the direct consequence of which of the following government actions? A - Worchester v. Georgia B - The Louisiana Purchase C - The Bad Axe Massacre D - The Indian Removal Act of 1830
D- The Indian Removal Act of 1830
Of the following, which was the principal issue on which the United States sought settlement with Great Britain at the outset of the War of 1812? A - A guarantee of New England fishing rights off Newfoundland B - Free navigation of the Mississippi River C - Cancellation of pre-Revolutionary debts D - Access to trade with the British West Indies E - An end to impressment
E - An end to impressment
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following? A - Reaffirmed George Washington's goal of United States neutrality in the Americas. B - Helped Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secure the presidency in 1824. C - Established the United States as the dominant economic power in South America. D - Provided the basis for resolving Anglo-American border disputes. E - Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.
E - Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.
"Let Southern oppressors tremble .... I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement .... I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement above was A - John C. Calhoun B - Stephen A. Douglas C - Henry Clay D - Abraham Lincoln E - William L. Garrison
E - William L. Garrison
The call for the "immediate and uncompensated emancipation of the slaves" is associated with the position of A - the Free Soil party B - the evangelical churches in both the North and the South C - Abraham Lincoln in his debate with Stephen A. Douglas at Freeport, Illinois D - John Quincy Adams in his demands for repeal of the "gag rule" E - William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator
E - William Lloyd Garrison in The Liberator
The most unpopular and least successful of President Thomas Jefferson's policies was his A - advocacy of territorial expansion B - handling of Barbary Coast pirates C - reduction of the size of the military D - reduction of the national debt E - adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France
E - adherence to neutrality in dealing with England and France
The women's movement in the antebellum period was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A - close links with the antislavery and temperance movements B - conventions in the Northeast and the Midwest, but not the South C - involvement of middle-class women D - a broad-based platform of legal and educational rights E - demands for equal compensation for equal work
E - demands for equal compensation for equal work
All of the following contributed to the growth of the free African American population in the United States in the early nineteenth century EXCEPT A - the gradual emancipation laws of individual states B - manumission granted for Revolutionary War service C - manumission granted by slaveholders' wills D - natural increase among free African Americans E - federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
E - federal constitutional provisions for emancipation
A major reason why Thomas Jefferson was interested in purchasing Louisiana from France was that he A - wanted to establish a precedent for the expansion of presidential authority B - wanted an area beyond the Mississippi river to which eastern Native Americans (Indians) could be moved C - had learned from Lewis and Clark of the untapped mineral resources in western areas D - hoped to cement a Franco-American alliance against the British E - hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations
E - hoped to preserve an agricultural society by making abundant lands available to future generations
The American Colonization Society was established in the early nineteenth century with the goal of A - encouraging immigration from Ireland and Germany B - encouraging Chinese contract laborers to emigrate to the United States C - settling White Americans on western lands D - settling American Indians on reservations E - transporting African Americans to Africa
E - transporting African Americans to Africa
