APWH: Unit 6: Consequences of Industrialization

What settler colonies were established in this time period?

- French established settler colonies in Africa such as Algeria - British established settler colonies across West Africa such as Sierra Leone, Gambia, and Lagos

Describe other economic factors that contributed to the development of a global economy from 1750 to 1900

- Reliance on cash crops caused more economic dependency of Africa on Europe - Europe and the US successfully gained much more imperial power over Latin America due to trade

What factors caused the Opium Wars?

- continued export of opium from Britain into China - the reliance on opium that many people in China had

Give specific examples of environmental factors that contributed to the development of the global economy from 1750 to 1900

- roads often became unusable in the rainy seasons, which influenced the invention of railroads - need for more efficient sea travel influenced the invention of steamships

How do you think this revolt would influence later events in India in the 20th century?

marked the emergence of Indian nationalism, so it influenced Indians to fight back against other powers throughout the 20th century

Describe a specific group that migrated due to environmental factors

migration from Ireland, mostly to the US, because of a potato famine that occurred there as a result of a disease

How did new technologies that resulted from the Industrial Revolution facilitate migrations during this time period?

people were now able to move more quickly and efficiently across the ocean using steamships, and railroads also allowed people to move more quickly and efficiently on land

What is economic imperialism? How is this different from the imperialism practiced in the 1450 to 1750 time period?

when foreign business interests have great economic power over a state

Explain the concept of the "civilizing mission"

Because of the growing sense of racial superiority among Europeans, they felt that other races were not as "civilized" as them, and therefore they thought they should colonize other countries in order to bring civilization to these people.

Give a specific example of a state that strengthened their control over existing colonies

Britain already had a small amount of control over India, but as a result of the rise of imperialism during 1750-1900, the British East India Company was motivated to grow its spheres of influence there until the entirety of India was under its control.

What was the ultimate outcome of the Opium Wars?

British were able to keep exporting opium to China, and through the Treaty of Nanjing also received much more power over Chinese government and land

Why were the Opium Wars and the outcomes considered economic imperialism?

Chinese had no choice but to give the British more imperial power because they relied heavily on this product with which they were providing them

Explain King Leopold II and his involvement with the Congo

King Leopold II wanted the Belgian government to conquer the Congo Basin, but they were ambivalent, and he ended up establishing a private colony by himself. The Belgian government saw that he was abusing his power, and his control of the region was revoked

Give specific examples of how migrations in the 1750 to 1900 time period affected society

Migrations in this time period caused cultural and social shifts by people who formed ethnic enclaves in their new countries. It also caused political policies to be enacted which limited migration, and it caused economic hardships in places such as the United States as jobs became more scarce.

What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?

act passed in North America in 1882 because of the influx of Chinese immigrants there which banned anyone else from China coming to the US

What is a settler colony?

A settler colony is a colony that is populated by citizens of the state that established it.

What is an ethnic enclave?

An ethnic enclave is a cluster or neighborhood of people from the same foreign country

What territories did the US acquire in the 1750 to 1900 time period?

Alaska, many regions of the Southwest, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines

What factors led to the decline of the Spanish and Portuguese based on their height of power in the 1450 to 1750 time period?

Based on their height of power during 1450-1750, the Spanish and Portuguese likely declined in power because of the competition between other European powers to establish colonies.

What occurred during the Indian Revolt of 1857?

During this rebellion, Indian sepoys working for the British were convinced that the British were trying to convert them to Christianity, and they staged a violent uprising, spread throughout many cities in northern India.

Give specific examples of how environmental factors drove migration in the 1750 to 1900 time period

Gold rushes in California, South Australia, and western Canada drove mass migration to those areas. A potato famine also caused many people to migrate from Ireland, with most people going to the United States

Describe a rebellion that took place during the 1750-1900 time period

In East Africa in 1881, Islamic people in Egypt formed an army to revolt against the Egyptian government known as the Madhist Revolt. They were able to overrun the British-Egyptian forces, but the movement disintegrated in 1885 when its leader died. The British defeated the Madhists in 1898.

Explain how the ideology of Social Darwinism contributed to the development of imperialism from 1750 to 1900

Social Darwinism made many Europeans believe that other races were uncivilized and therefore that their government should be overpowered, which motivated Europeans to imperialize

Explain Social Darwinism

Social Darwinism was a growing sense of racial superiority during the period of 1750-1900 which made people think that Europeans were supposedly superior and meant to dominate other races, based on the ideas of Charles Darwin.

Explain how the ideology of nationalism contributed to the development of imperialism from 1750 to 1900

The ideology of nationalism which was growing during this time caused Europeans to think that their countries were better than other countries, and this motivated them to imperialize.

What was the outcome?

The revolt was crushed by the British, killing thousands

How was indentured servitude used in this time period?

With indentured servitude, people worked a set number of years to pay off a debt or their transportation to a new country

What was the White Australia Policy?

a policy in Australia which limited the number of Chinese people who could migrate there because their population in Australia had increased significantly since the gold rush

What territories did Japan acquire in the 1750 to 1900 time period?

established colonies in Hawaii, Guam, Mexico, Latin America, and other locations, and set up an empire that included parts of China, Korea, Southeast Asia, and Pacific islands

How did indentured servitude change in this period in relation to the 1450 to 1750 time period?

increased during this time period because many people needed to pay off debts. In this time period, people tended to stay in the countries in which they worked causing cultural and social shifts