Arguments and Arguing Chapters 3 and 4

6 Functions of Language (+3 extra)

The emotive function (expressive) The phatic function (social) The cognitive function (informative) The rhetorical function (persuasive) The metalingual function (talk about talk) The poetic function (aesthetic) To these we can add: The analytical function? The precision function? The urgency function?

Field-Invariant

Argument so compelling it meets the requirements for argumentative proof in all fields.

Fields

Different situations or contexts.

Argumentative Metaphore

Literal. A=B

Ornamental Metaphor

Less literal comparison (some similar characteristic).

Connotative Meanings

Relate the values or how the individual feels about a word.

Denotative Meaning

content level of a word

Secondary Audience

parties receiving the argument message (who may or may not be interested in it).

Primary or Target Audience

the audience for whom the argument is intended.

Physical Audience

those who actually hear or receive the argument when it is presented.