ARH 356 - Midterm - Slide ID

Joseph Smith, Mormon Temple, Kirtland, OH, 1830 (Federal)

- inspired by and adapted from Asher Benjamin's practical, rural designs intended for carpenters and not gentlemen-amataurs

John Bonner, Map of Boston, c. 1630

- Town planning in the 17th century: strong village pattern of development in New England demonstrates how much life in northern colonies was town oriented, even in the rural areas. The urban focus was stronger still in the large cities, such as Boston and Philly. -In 1630, when lack of adequate fresh water necessitated building a new seat for the Massachusetts Bay colony, the neck of land protruding into the middle of bay was selected. The main thoroughfares of this new Boston, named for the city in Lincolnshire, followed the ridges and hollows across the then-rugged peninsula, longs paths trod by the natives and by the first English settlers. -A map of Boston in 1722 shows the seemingly random network of streets and the patchwork of fields behind the scattered houses. - - Boston was, from the beginning, conceived as a center of cultural and economic acitvity—the fire on the hill was the signal to shipping that soon made Boston the chief city of New England. - Though it had always been viewed as a major city, Boston had the tight web-like street pattern of a village, and there was little thought given to the effect this might have on future growth - Much the same turned out to be true of New Amsterdam.

Thomas Jefferson, Monticello, c. 1770-1810 (Federal)

- after Revolutionary War, Jefferson and other Americans decide on a quest for new architecture that symbolizes the new, independent America, is a tool for social reform - this style emphasized the visual associations that a building's design made to a period in history whose image was instructive or enlightening (especially Roman, because republic) - not placed at the river's edge in the colonial manner, but rather atop the mountain, facing west - in contrast to the emphasis on auxiliary buildings in most colonial and English country houses, Jefferson pushed the dependencies at Monticello into the earth so as to preserve the view - shape of a broad U, based on plans published by Palladio, along with the facade - changed proportions of the house so that is gave the impression of being a single-story house under a heavy Doric entablature that ran around it - emphasis on its horizontal dimension - personal expression incorporating contemporary French and Neoclassical elements - interior spaces make activities of servants scarily visible - dome inspired by Parisian hotels