ART 110 - Chapter 8

Which are intaglio printing processes?

- Aquatint - Drypoint

How is gradation created in Charles Willson Peale's piece "Benjamin Franklin?"

- Burnishing the pits on the plate - Leaving burrs and rough areas

By the 1980s, which items caused the digital revolution in art?

- Computer - Internet

How are artists changing their approaches to printmaking?

- Considering non-traditional surfaces - Using them in three-dimensional pieces

John Muafangejo's use of linocut in his piece "Men Are Working in Town" allowed the artist to do what?

- Create crisp compositions - Carve and print text easily

Jose Guadalupe Posada's "Skeletons as Artisans" uses what to critique everyday life??

- Death - Humor

Jose Guadalupe Posada's "Skeletons as Artisans" uses what to critique everyday life?

- Death - Humor

Which reasons may have attracted Mary Cassatt to use drypoint for "The Caress?"

- Drawing on the plate is similar to drawing on paper - Creating delicate lines that are both soft or crisp depending on the treatment of the matrix

Which steps are part of the etching process?

- Exposed areas eaten away by acid - Removing the ground before printing

The woodcut process involves which steps?

- Ink covers the raised areas - The drawn image is craved out of the block

How can we tell that this impression of Rembrandt's "Christ Preaching" is an early impression?

- Intricate areas of cross hatching in areas of shadow - Subtle gradations of light and dark

Kathe Kollwitz focused on what subject matters?

- Mother and child relationships - The struggles of working people - The effects of war

What are parts of the photogravure process?

- Paper backed gelatin is exposed to ultraviolet light - To bind the resin, heat is applied to the plate

What processes are used in Kunisawa's "Artisans?"

- Registration - Color

How do we know Goya's "Asta su Abuelo (And So Was His Grandfather)" is an aquatint print?

- The grainy areas where the resin was placed - The range of flat tones present in the print

Why were newspapers an ideal place for caricatures and cartoons?

- They reached a large audience compared to other methods - Issues addressed ranged from social to political issues

Compared to other printing techniques, what may have attracted Nicole Eisenman to use monotype for her untitled piece?

- Unlimited color options - Ability to use painting techniques

Compared to other printing techniques, what my have attracted Nicole Eisenman to use monotype for her untitled piece?

- Unlimited color options - Ability to use painting techniques

What aspects make "Knight, Death, and the Devil" by Albrecht Durer a master engraving?

- Visual texture that creates contrast between the figures and objects - Various value techniques used to create the chiaroscuro effect

What did Francisco Goya intend for "Asta Su Abuelo (And So was His Grandfather)" to depict?

A commentary on how power is inherited through the monarchy and those associated

What probably attracted Ed Ruscha to use screenprinting to create "Standard Station?"

Ability to create consistent color and bold shapes

Who is credited with inventing lithography?

Alois Senefelder

What printing process only became commonly known as century after it was developed by Jan Van de Velde?

Aquatint

What parts are exposed to the acid in the etching process?

Areas where the ground was removed

What happens to the image when a monotype is sent through the press more than once?

Becomes distorted from the original

As the drypoint needle creates the line work, what does it leave behind?

Burrs

Woodcut became popular in the 20th century due to what characteristics?

Coarse and unrefined

What is Honore Daumier poking fun at in his piece "Nadar Elevating Photography to the Heights of Art?"

Comparing Nadar's aerial photography with his attempt at elevating photography artistically

What kind of line does Jose Guadalupe Posada use in "Skeleton as Artisans?"

Contour

What makes Pepon Osorio's piece "You're Never Ready" unique to printmaking?

Creating an installation

What made mezzotint appealing to Charles Willson Peale when he created "Benjamin Franklin?"

Creating gradation with the use of pits

What made mezzotint appealing to Charles Willson Peale when he created Benjamin Franklin?

Creating gradation with the use of pits

To create the darker values in Albrecht Durer's "Knight, Death, and the Devil" the depressed area had to be ___________.

Deep

How do caricatures differ from cartoons?

Distorted features are emphasized

What happens during the production of multi-block-colored print compositions?

Each color is printed from separate blocks

In Europe, the process for producing decorative designs on suits of armor led to the development of the ________________ print process.

Engraving

Asphalt, acid, and needles are all supplies used in what printmaking process?

Etching

What kind of technique is photogravure?

Etching

Which is a recurring theme in John Muafangejo's works?

Everyday life of tribal people

Compared to computers today, early computers were ___________________.

Extremely large

True or false: Monotype produces multiple impressions of an image from each plate.

False

What is a characteristic of the aquatint process?

Frequent pairing with other techniques

With her piece "Cute Motion!!," how does Fiona Rae create dimensionality?

Glues three-dimensional craft elements to it

Spread over a plate and the incised with a sharp tool, the ____________ of an etching remains unmarred when the plate is dipped into batch of acid.

Ground

How is value created in the engraving process?

Hatching

Because of the proliferation of __________ versions of many printmaking technologies, printed images are quite common in modern everyday life.

Industrial

What makes "Christ Preaching" so important to Rembrandt's catalog of prints?

It demonstrates his use of chiaroscuro

Because "Christ Preaching" is an early print by Rembrandt, we know what about it?

It depicts a rare example of what his original prints

Smoothing the rough areas on a mezzotint creates what?

Light tones

How many copies can be produced from one drypoint plate?

Limited

The number of impressions that can be made from a linocut is:

Limited due to the material

Honore Daumier used what printing technique for "Nadar Elevating Photography to the Heights of Art?"

Lithography

What technique or process enabled caricatures to become common components in newspapers?

Lithography

Which process of designing and creating a printing plate is most similar to drawing?

Lithography

What is the key difference between inkjet and other print processes?

Matrix

What does the split fountain screenprinting technique do?

Meticulously blend two colors on a single screen

Digital prints use dots to create an image similar to what other printing method?

Mezzotint

What technique did Nicole Eisenman use to create her untitled piece?

Monotype

Ed Ruscha's "Standard Station" was inspired by what?

Movie title marquee

Some artists use _________ to generate initial compositions for paintings.

Photoshop

The soft edges on Alfred Stieglitz's "The Steerage" is the result of what?

Powdered resin

What step is part of all intaglio printing process?

Printing on damp paper

By buffing some incised areas and leaving others rough, artists producing mezzotints can accomplish what task?

Produce a full range of gradations and shades

In an engraving, what do deeper impressions made into matrix do?

Produce darker lines

In an engraving, what do deeper impressions made into the matrix do?

Produce darker lines

What printing process aligns all the blocks in a multi-block print?

Registration

When using multiple colors in screenprinting, what is required to create quality prints?

Registration

A woodcut falls under which type of print process?

Relief

How are the range of values created in "The Steerage" by Alfred Stieglitz?

The amount light allowed to pass through the gelatin determines how light or dark the value is

What makes Kathe Kollwitz "The Widow II" significant?

The artist's personal experience as a mother.

Which description best applies to the engraving "Knight, Death, and the Devil" by Albrecht Durer?

The assured fate of the soldier's death

What makes wood engraving appealing to artists?

The ease at creating fine white lines

How do wood engravings differ from woodcuts?

The matrix is cut across the grain

How does Mary Cassatt enhance the relationship of the mother and child in her print "The Caress?"

The soft, fuzzy line work repeated on the child and mother

Jose Guadalupe Posada's "Skeletons as Artisans" uses imagery associated with the Mexican Day of the Dead.

True

How can we tell what techniques Nicole Eisenman used in her untitled print?

Visible brush strokes

What most likely prompted Alfred Stiegltiz to create "The Steerage?"

Wanting to capture the use of line and visual balance

Kathe Kollwitz depicted the effects of ___________ in her works.

War

Fiona Rae creates what kind of digital print?

Whimsical

What is the primary advantage of aquatint?

Wide diversity of tones that can be accomplished

What material is commonly used in the relief method?

Wood Block

A linocut is most similar to which other printing process?

Woodcut

Kunisawa's print, "Artisans," depicts women doing what activity?

Working in a print shop