Art History chapter 27

Which photographer became known for creating portraits of artists such as Delacroix, Daumier, and Courbet?

Nadar

What illusionistic effect did Eadweard Muybridge's zoopraxiscope rely on to show his sequential images?

Persistence of vision

In constructing the Crystal Palace for the Great Exhibition of 1851, what cost-effective innovation did Joseph Paxton employ?

Prefabricated elements

Which Romantic-style building is a conglomeration of Islamic domes, minarets, and screens that has been called "Indian Gothic"?

Royal Pavilion, Brighton

The metal relief etching entitled Ancient of Days is the work of which leading Romantic artist?

William Blake

The Romantic sensibility evident in the energy of Joseph Mallord William Turner's landscapes and seascapes relies on the emotive power of which element of his painting style?

Color

Which of the following is NOT a colorist painting, instead relying on form and line?

Ingres, Apotheosis of Homer

Who was named first consul of the French Republic after leading the French army on several campaigns?

Napoleon Bonaparte

Which element in Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa has the artist, Antoine-Jean Gros, adapted from Oath of the Horatii by his teacher, Jacques-Louis David?

Arcaded backdrop frames the composition

Impressionism

Art historians view Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'Herbe as his critique of styles of Western painting since the Renaissance. In his choice of subject and his style and technique, Manet played an important role in the development of Impressionism in the 1870s.

By moving away from illusionism in this painting, and using colors to flatten form and to draw attention to the canvas surface, Manet played an important role in the development of what movement?

Impressionism

Napoleon's embrace of Neoclassicism as a means of linking his own reign to the ancient Roman Empire is embodied in which monument?

La Madeleine

Nadar

The greatest early portrait photographer was Gaspard-Félix Tournachon, known simply as Nadar. Originally a journalist and caricaturist, Nadar became such an adept portraitist that all the important individuals in France went to his studio, including many contemporary artists.

Which early photographer used the new medium to produced documentary images of the immediate aftermath of Civil War battles?

Timothy O'Sullivan

John Singer Sargent's family portrait Daughters of Edward Darley Boit shows the influence of his careful study of which painter?

Velázquez

Which Romantic artist was a leader in transcendental landscapes, a new painting genre of the 19th century?

Caspar David Friedrich

Which Realist painter relies on a naturalistic style that does not romanticize or idealize the everyday lived realities that his contemporary subjects endured?

Gustave Courbet

Which Neoclassical artist of the first part of the 19th century looked firmly to the arts of Greek antiquity for his subjects and compositions?

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, including Millais and Rossetti, rejected Realism and based their artistic philosophy on the writings of which individual?

John Ruskin

The 19th-century revival of historical architectural styles led Barry and Pugin to rebuild the Houses of Parliament in London in what style?

Neo-Gothic

Who was the artist of the immense Romantic painting Raft of the Medusa, which took eight months to create?

Théodore Géricault

Which American Realist artist who studied both painting and medicine believed that careful observation was a prerequisite for his art?

Winslow Homer

Winslow Homer

Winslow Homer's medical training and practice of an almost brutal Realism are consistent with the rise of empiricism in the later 19th century. Homer created his paintings in a deliberate, mechanical way and valued scientific observation as well as anatomical correctness. See Realism: Germany and the United States