Art History Exam 3
Minoan columns are distinguished by: a. tapering shaft and bulbous capitals b. pronounced swelling in the center c. bud-shaped capitals d. bull-shaped capitals
A. tapering shaft and bulbous capitals
___________________ is the historical event that ushered in the beginning of the Classical period. a. death of Alexander the Great b. defeat of the Persians c. construction of the Temple of Hera I d. Greek capture of Egypt
B
Significant numbers of small marble figurines representing naked women with arms folded over abdomens have been found in: a. Mycenae b. the Cyclades Islands c. Troy d. Knossos
B. the Cyclades Islands
Which structure from the Athenian Acropolis has four sides of very different character with each side resting on different ground levels? a. Temple of Athena Nike b. Parthenon c. Erechtheion d. Propylaia
C
The Old Palace Period in Minoan art came to an end around 1700 BCE. What was the probable cause? a. invasion by the Egyptians b. invasion by the Mycenaeans c. tidal wave earthquake
Earthquake
A female figure used as an architectural support was known as a: a. caryatid b. kore c. kouros d. gorgon
A
Early Archaic monumental stone statues followed Egyptian style very closely. This style can be described as _____________________. a. rigidly frontal left foot slightly advanced b. rigidly frontal c. rigidly frontal left foot fully advanced d. rigidly frontal right foot fully advanced
A
Evident in the absence of a pediment and a roof, the Temple of Apollo, 1, reflected the ability of Hellenistic architecture to ____________________. a. copy the Parthenon exactly b. imitate treasuries c. be small in scale d. be surprising and dramatic
A
In the Archaic period the black-figure style of vase painting was replaced by the ____________________ style. a. red-figure b. Corinthian animal c. white ground lekythos d. incising
A
It is said the Warrior Vase is a simplified narrative with a repetitious pattern, a far cry from the variety and anecdotal details evident in earlier works. Which of the following would be an example of an earlier work? a. Harvester Vase b. Octopus Vase c. Kamares Ware Jar d. Fleet Vase
A
The funerary practice of the Mycenaeans, covering the faces of the dead with gold masks, recalls what other culture? a. Egyptians b. Cycladic peoples c. Minoans d. Greeks
A
The guardian figure design of the Lion Gate can also be found in miniature on ______________. a. Cretan seals b. Mycenaean vases c. Mycenaean dagger blades d. Cretan vases
A
What event is chronicled on the frieze of the Temple of Athena Nike detailing victory over the Persians? a. battle at Marathon b. battle of Thermopylae c. battle of Sparta d. battle at Persepolis
A
When compared to the Classical style, Greek Hellenistic art could be characterized as: a. more realistic and emotional b. less apt to express emotion c. more rigid d. having a narrower range of subject matter
A
Which one of the following works of art provides information about the Minoan religion? a. Hagia Triada sarcophagus b. Spring fresco, Thera c. La Parisienne fresco, Knossos d. Octopus Jar, Palaikastro
A
Which of the following is a palace on Crete? a. Knossos b. Troy c. Tiryns d.Sparta
A. Knossos
Tiryns was: a. a fortified citadel b. an Egyptian outpost c. a market d. a shrine to the Minoan goddess
A. a fortified citadel
Throughout the Parthenon there are pronounced deviations from the strictly vertical and horizontal lines, the basis of all Greek post-and-lintel structures. These deviations meant that the Parthenon had special set of specifications; briefly describe these deviations or refinements and explain the reasoning behind them.
All of these adjustments were done to overcome the Optical Illusion. For example if the roof and stylobate may appear to sag from a distance. The Greek would change the height at the center of the side and front of the temple to make it appear parallel at a distance.
11. What led the German amateur archaeologist, Heinrich Schliemann, to uncover Troy? a. Homer's Tale of the Gods b. Homer's Iliad c. Agamemnon's Story of Helen d. Minos's Tale of the Minotaur
B
A standing nude figure of a young man is known in Greek art as which of the following? a. kore b. kouros c. Ka d. stele
B
During the Greek Orientalizing period, Greek vase decoration, which consisted of rows of composite creatures and exotic animals, was influenced by _________________. a. Minoan and Cycladic art b. Egyptian and Mesopotamian art c. Archaic Greek art d. China
B
Evident in the Three Goddesses on the Parthenon ___________________ was one of the main changes that took place in the representation of the female figure in the High Classical period. a. full nudity b. clingy drapery that follows the contours of the body c. the representation of old age d. a masculine physique
B
The Geometric krater would most likely be found in which of the following? a. an Egyptian tomb b. an Athenian cemetery of the Geometric period c. the royal burial at Ur d. a temple of Apollo
B
The ______________________, which is possibly the subject of the Parthenon's continuous frieze, was a procession held in Athens every four years. a. Erectheion b. Panathenaia or Panathenaic Procession c. Amazonomachy d. Athena's birth
B
The earliest known Greek temple with sculptural decoration is ______________. a. Temple of Hera, Paestum b. Temple A, Prinias c. Temple of Artemis, Corfu d. Temple of Athena, Paestum
B
The earliest known example of the use of contrapposto is the sculpture known as the ________. a. Kouros from Tenea b. Kritios Boy c. Diskobolos d.Doryphoros
B
The gigantomachy of the Altar of Zeus, Pergamon alludes to a victory of the Pergamenes over the ___________ in the third century BCE. a. Romans b. Gauls c. Athenians d. Persians
B
What form of arch is above the lintel of the Lion Gate? a. barrel arch b. corbelled arch c. triangular arch pointed arch
B
Who or what was the Minotaur? a. the king of Crete b. half bull, half man c. a bull with eagle's wings d. Achilles' pet
B
The Treasury of Atreus is an excellent example of a(n): a. Mycenaean fortification b. tholos tomb c. Minoan sarcophagus d. temple treasury
B. tholos tomb
Although the Propylaia mainly functioned as the gateway to the Athenian Acropolis, described as a Pinakotheke, one of its rooms was reportedly a a. Hospital b. shrine room c. picture gallery d. hotel
C
During the Mycenaean Period large-scale figural art on the Greek mainland was _________________. a. very abundant b. found only in temples c. very rare d. found only in palaces
C
In using ____________________ the pedimental sculptures of the Temple of Aphaia at Aegina were better adapted to its triangular shape than those of earlier Archaic temples. a. Medusa and her children b. a gigantic statue of the Zeus in the center c. statues of equal size but in different poses d. composite creatures
C
It has been suggested that Cycladic figurines were funerary offerings. Based on their schematized representation and size, how might they have been placed in the graves? a. standing by the sarcophagus b. standing in the grave c. placed on their backs d. suspended from the sarcophagus
C
Landscape with Swallows (Spring fresco) is the first pure landscape. Which of the following best defines landscape? a. It has no humans and a narrative element. b. It has a narrative element. c. It has no humans and no narrative element. d. It has no humans.
C
Originally titled the Canon, Polykleitos's Doryphoros reflects the artist's belief that a perfect statue ________________________. a. would convey the personality and emotional qualities of the individual b. reached out into the surrounding space c. was constructed according to a mathematical formula d. duplicated Egyptian statues of Pharaohs
C
The Kamares style of Minoan pottery exhibited: a. sophisticated shapes and monochromatic style b. naive shapes and polychromatic style c. sophisticated shapes and polychromatic style
C
The ___________________ by Praxiteles was one of the first statues to represent a female nude. a. Caryatid A b. Diana and Actaeon c. Aphrodite of Knidos d. Peplos Kore
C
The use of guardian figures on the Lion Gate is reminiscent of ________________. a. The palace of Gudea b. Minoan palaces c. Ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt d. Mycenaean tombs
C
What scene is represented on the Attic white-ground lekythos painted by the so-called Achilles Painter? a. lady performing her morning toilette b. slave girl at the market c. warrior taking leave of his wife d. young men lounging at the Symposium
C
What was the subject matter seen on the largest dagger found in the tomb from Grave Circle A--an image that was borrowed from the ancient Near East? a. king riding in a chariot b. king killing enemies c. hunters attacking lions d. king making a libation
C
Which of the following conclusions could be drawn regarding the Athenians perception of themselves based on the Panathenaic Festival frieze from the Parthenon? a. deeply devoted to the Periclean ideal of democracy b. deeply committed to the Delian League c. had high opinions of their own worth d. had high opinions of the Spartans
C
Who is usually given credit for the invention of the red-figure technique as seen in the amphora of "Achilles and Ajax playing a dice game"? a. Euthymides b. Exekias c. Andokides painter d.Brygos painter
C
___________ was a Greek colony in Egypt that brought the Greeks into direct contact with Egyptian monumental architecture. a. Syracuse b. Edfu c. Naukratis d. Thebes
C
In the statue of Athena Parthenos, what did she hold that made an overt reference to the Athenian victory over the Persians in 479 BC. a. the shield with head of Xerxes b. small Persian soldier at her feet c. the helmet with the headless Persian d. A winged Nike figure
D
The Lion Gate is the gateway to: a. Tiryns b. Knossos c. Mallia d. Mycenae
D
Which of the following elements showed that the new palace at Knossos was carefully planned? a. thick walls composed of cement b. little attention paid to rainwater drainage c. single story building rambled across the landscape placement of clusters of rooms of similar function around the central court
D
What is the Iliad, and how did it impact the art history of the Aegean?
Heinric Schlemmer indicated that in the mythologies in Homer's Ilyad was based on real events.
How is the subject of the frieze on the Temple of Athena Nike unique and significant?
I is a trivial one this is what make it significant. Nike adjusting the sandal.
Describe the fusion of Ionic and Doric elements in the Parthenon.
In the Parthenon it incorporates the two orders. The exterior column are Doric order and the Ionic order is in the opistodomos.
What is hubris, and how does the Niobid Painter calyx Krater depict it?
It depict it with the subject matter at different levels.
Evaluate the importance of "context" in archaeology and art history.
It helps the anthropologists to determine the purpose of the object in the site where it was found.
Describe the white-ground vase painting technique and explain its uses.
It is to use as a marker for a grave site to honor the dead
What impact did the volcanic eruption on the island of Santorini (ancient Thera) have on the chronology of Minoan art works?
It made it difficult to understand the Minoan society in relation to their gods, they worship, and their written form.
Explain the uniqueness of the Harvester Vase.
It showed individuality in their subject matter. It is not a ceramic piece because it is carved.
Describe the differences between Minoan and Mycenaean palace architecture.
One is a palace on the Island of Crete, the other is a citadel like Tyrin or Mycenae on the mainland Greece. The Minoan did not have to worry much about an invading army but the Mycenaean did.
Explain the difference between the early Greek Archaic kouros figure and its Egyptian prototype.
One was carved as a free standing Sculpture, made to honor the dead for example a kouros. The other was made for the internal life for example the Egyptian sculpture.
Evaluate the difference between Minoan palace frescoes and the Hagia Triada sarcophagus
One was for a pleasant landscape with no people except nature wildlife. The other is a funerary ceremony to honor the decease with the libation rites performed by women priestess.
Define labrys and its importance in Minoan architecture
The Double Axe that represents origin of woman as divine. Maybe relates to the birth Athena from Zeus.
The Treasury of the Siphnians has a unique porch. The typical supporting columns have been replaced with female figural supports, caryatids. These support elements had been repeated later in the Erechtheion. How did the Classical architect-sculptor accommodate the role of architectural support with the role of figural sculpture?
The Greeks replace the porch ionic columns with Classical caryatids.
Briefly describe the Ionians and their origins and their contributions to the art of Greece.
The Ionic column was the second order that represents the the people of Inonia on the coast line Anatolia Cyclades island of the Aegean Sea
What features of the architecture of the Palace at Knossos are thought to have given rise to the Greek myth of the labyrinth?
The aerial photograph of Knossos give an impression of a labyrinth a maze that the Minotaur lived. The many rooms that it had.
Who was Sir Arthur Evans?
The anthropologist who found the site of Knossos on the island of Crete.
Explain the significance of the Grave stele of Hegeso.
The difference may be in the funding of the stele. It was not a public art project but a private one.
Describe the megaron and its importance in Mycenaean architecture.
The megaron was the reception room for the king dignitaries
Describe the plan of the Erechtheion and the reasons for its design.
The plans had to unify the three levels of structural element into a single working design.
What speaks for identifying the Minoan Snake Goddess as either a deity or a priestess?
The serpents she holds and the leopard on her head.
How do the frescoes found on the island of Santorini (ancient Thera) shape our understanding of Minoan fresco painting?
The subject matter is about the matriarchy society of woman priestess, funerary rites, and nature that they saw all around them.
When was the potter's wheel introduced, and how did it influence the shape of pottery?
They were able to make kraters, stirrups mugs, vases out of earthen ware and terracotta clay.
What ancient painting convention was followed to distinguish men from women?
Women were painted with white skin and man were painted with brown skin.
